Data Modeling SAP® Sybase® PowerDesigner® 16.5 SP02 Windows DOCUMENT ID: DC38058-01-1652-01 LAST REVISED: May 2013 Copyright © 2013 by SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice. Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors. National product specifications may vary. These materials are provided by SAP AG and its affiliated companies ("SAP Group") for informational purposes only, without representation or warranty of any kind, and SAP Group shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP Group products and services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services, if any. 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Contents PART I: Building Data Models .......................................1 CHAPTER 1: Getting Started with Data Modeling ........3 Conceptual Data Models .......................................................3 Logical Data Models ..............................................................3 Physical Data Models ............................................................4 Creating a Data Model ...........................................................5 Data Model Properties ....................................................7 Database Properties (PDM) ..................................8 Customizing your Modeling Environment .........................10 Setting CDM/LDM Model Options .................................10 Assertion Template ..............................................12 Migration Settings (LDM) .....................................12 Setting PDM Model Options .........................................13 Column and Domain Model Options ....................15 Reference Model Options ....................................15 Other Object Model Options ................................16 Setting Data Model Display Preferences ......................17 Viewing and Editing the DBMS Definition File ..............17 Changing the DBMS ...........................................18 Extending your Modeling Environment .........................20 Linking Objects with Traceability Links .........................21 CHAPTER 2: Conceptual and Logical Diagrams ........23 Supported CDM/LDM Notations .........................................23 Conceptual Diagrams ..........................................................27 Conceptual Diagram Objects ........................................28 Example: Building a Data Dictionary in a CDM ............29 Logical Diagrams .................................................................39 Data Modeling iii Contents Logical Diagram Objects ...............................................40 Importing a Deprecated PDM Logical Model ................41 Importing Multiple Interconnected PDM Logical Models ......................................................................42 Data Items (CDM) .................................................................42 Creating a Data Item .....................................................43 Data Item Properties .....................................................43 Controlling Uniqueness and Reuse of Data Items ........44 Entities (CDM/LDM) .............................................................45 Creating an Entity .........................................................45 Entity Properties ...........................................................45 Copying Entities ............................................................46 Displaying Attributes and Other Information on an Entity Symbol ...........................................................47 Attributes (CDM/LDM) .........................................................50 Creating an Attribute .....................................................50 Attribute Properties .......................................................50 Deleting Attributes (CDM) .............................................52 Identifiers (CDM/LDM) .........................................................52 Creating an Identifier ....................................................52 Identifier Properties ......................................................52 Relationships (CDM/LDM) ...................................................53 Creating a Relationship ................................................56 Relationship Properties ................................................56 Enabling Many-to-many Relationships in an LDM ........60 Creating a Reflexive Relationship .................................60 Defining a Code Option for Relationships .....................61 Changing a Relationship into an Associative Entity ......61 Identifier Migration Along Relationships .......................61 Associations and Association Links (CDM) ......................62 Creating an Association with Links ...............................63 Creating an Association Without Links .........................63 Association Properties ..................................................63 Association Link Properties ..........................................64 Creating a Reflexive Association ..................................65 iv SAP Sybase PowerDesigner Contents Defining a Dependent Association ................................65 Changing an Association into an Associative Entity .....66 Creating an Association Attribute ................................. 67 Inheritances (CDM/LDM) .....................................................67 Creating an Inheritance ................................................68 Creating an Inheritance with the Inheritance Tool .........................................................................68 Inheritance Properties .................................................. 69 Making Inheritance Links Mutually Exclusive ............... 71 CHAPTER 3: Physical Diagrams ..................................73 Physical Diagram Objects ...................................................74 Tables (PDM) ........................................................................76 Creating a Table ............................................................76 Table Properties ............................................................76 Linking a Table to an Abstract Data Type......................79 Creating an XML Table or View .................................... 79 Specifying Table Constraints ........................................ 80 Denormalizing Tables and Columns .............................80 Horizontal Partitions .............................................81 Vertical Partitions .................................................81 Table Collapsings .................................................82 Column Denormalization .....................................83 Denormalization Object Properties ......................84 Removing Partitionings and Table Collapsings ....85 PowerBuilder DataWindow Extended Attributes ...........85 Displaying Column, Domain, and Data Type Information on a Table Symbol .................................86 Physical Options (PDM) ................................................88 Defining Default Physical Options ........................89 Columns (PDM) ....................................................................91 Creating a Column ........................................................91 Column Properties ........................................................91 Setting Data Profiling Constraints .................................94 Data Modeling v Contents Specifying Constraints Through Business Rules .........................................................................95 Creating Data Formats For Reuse .......................96 Specifying Advanced Constraints ........................97 Populating Columns with Test Data ..............................98 Test Data Profile Properties .................................98 Assigning Test Data Profiles to Columns ...........101 Creating a Computed Column ....................................102 Attaching a Column to a Domain ................................103 Copying or Replicating a Column from Another Table ................................................................................104 Primary, Alternate, and Foreign Keys (PDM) ..................105 Creating Primary Keys ................................................105 Rebuilding Primary Keys ...................................106 Creating Alternate Keys ..............................................107 Creating Foreign Keys ................................................107 Key Properties ............................................................107 Indexes (PDM) ....................................................................108 Creating Standard, Key, or Function-Based Indexes ..109 Index Properties ..........................................................110 Rebuilding Indexes .....................................................111 Views (PDM) .......................................................................112