1 .ANANTAPUR AND KURNOOL DISTRICTS VJIJ·A.GE.WlSE MOTHER-TONGUE DATA FOR BORDER TALUKS BY J. I. ARPUTHANATHAN, B.A., B.L., Superintendenl of Census Operations, Madras PRrNTED BY T.B If. 8UPERIN'J_'EN:f>ENr GOVERNMENT PRESS MADRAS 195" VILLAGE.WISE MOTHER.TONGUE DATA FOR BORDER TALUKS IN - ANANTAPUR AND KURNOOL DISTRICTS. , NOTE. The statements appended give figures in respect of were received in I,the Regional Tabulation office con­ the principal mother-tongue languages for each cenSllS cerned for being sorted there for a:ITiving at the figures unit (village or town) in the taluks ?f Kalyandr~g! for the prescrib~d district tables. The census ~t ,!as Madakasira Penukonda, Rayadrug, Hlndupur, Kadirl either a village or a panchayat or a mUDICIpality and Gooty t~luks of Anantapur Distric~ a~dPattikonda, inclusive of all hamlets or other villages ·cpm.prised Alur and Adoni taluks of Kurnool DIstrIct of Andhra in each. The slips relating to each rural census unit State situated or the borders of the l\lysore State. were in separate bundles. In the case of census towns and cities the slips relating to each ward of the census 2. The figures bave been gathered by me at the inE-ltance of the Government· of India who in consulta­ town or city were kept distinct. In the Tabulation tion with the State Governments concerned instructed office, the slips relating to each rural unit and urban me to O'ather the figures from the census enumeratio1J ward were examined and the slips relating to displaced slips ofthe 1951 Census which had been deposited for persons were separated. A 10 per cent aample was safe custody in the offices of the Collectors of the extracted from the rest of the slips. The remaining districts concerned. 90 per cent slips which were' called" General slips" were kept distinct. These three categories of slips, viz., 3. The 1951 Census tables relating to mother-tongue General, Sample and Displaced persons, were then languages give only figures for the district as a whole. operated upon independently and village .. wise popula.­ Th~ figures for the district were compiled from those tioI1: data in respect of rural areas and ward-wise gathered for subdivisions of distri0ts called H Census population data in respect of the cities and towns of the' Tracts ". These census tracts are convenient divisions urban areas were gathered with break up for sex of the district adopted for facilitating the work of categorie's and the ~ight livelihood classes prescribed sorting the 1951 Census enumeration slips and compiHL­ in the Tabulation Plan.. After obtaining the popula­ tion of the required statistics. In forming the cenf?US tion figures for each village/ward the enumeration. tracts the rural areas of each district were kept distinct slips relating to the units in each census tract were from .the urban areas. The rural areas of each dis~rict thrown together for sorting for tract-wise details were divided into a number _of units called cc Rural required for the several prescribed census tables. The Tracts" and the urban. areas were divided into a -identity of the bundles of slips relating to each village, number of urJ.ts called 'c Urban Tracts". As far as panchayat and municipality was lost and the groups of. possible the rura,l areas of ea.ch taluk were constituted bundles were merged into the &-( Census Tr~ct ". The into a single rural tract. The urban tracts were formed distinction betwooll the General slips, Sample slips, out of the areas'declared as cities and census towns in and those relating to Displaced persons were, however. each district. Every city was treated as a separate maintained throughout. At the close of the sorting tract and was called a " City Tract" ......Towns other than operations, the census slips relating to each tract a.s cities were grouped together to form" Non-City Urban distributed and bundled for the last item of the sorting Tracts ". Wherever possible the towns other tQan operations were preserved intact under each of the cities in each taluk were made into a single" Non-City - three categories, Ge~eral slips, Sample slips and slips Urban Tract". In cases where the towns in a taluk had relating to Displaofl persons. The bundles of slips a total population of less than 50,000, -the towns in relating to the . ceJaus tracts in each district were more than one taluk were grouped together to form a put in boxes or gtIdby bags, sealed and transferred non-city urban tract. For example, in the Cbjngleput to the Collector's.- office concerned for safe custody district, the towns in the taluks of Ponneri, Tiruvallur there. It is from these slips that the present and Sripernmbudur, viz .. , Pulicat, Ami and Ponneri in mother-tongue language figures for each unit (village Ponneri taluk, Tiruvallurin Tiruvallurtaluk, Sriperum­ or town) in each border taluk hav~ been collected., budur, Poonamallee and Kllnrathur in Sriperumbudur, The procedure adopted by me is briefly indicated taluk were constituted into a single Non-City Urban below. Tract ; whereas the towns in Saidapet taluk consisting of Tiruvottiyur, Villivakkam, Alandur, Pallavaram, 5. Before the slips relating to the tracts in the St.· Thomas Mount-cum-Pallavaram Cantonment and border taluks were transported back to my office T&mbaram were put into a single Non-City Urban Tract. from the Collector's office where they were held in 4. Under the TablllB.tion Plan of 1951 Census, the safe custody, I or one of my Gazetted Assistants. enumeration slips of all census units in each -district personally went to the Collector's offiCE}, satisfied , bimseH that the Beals on the boxes or gunny ba.gs were one village had in a few cases mixed up the slips relating intact, ehecked also that the bundles kept inside to a portion or a block of one village with those of· the each box or gunny bag were in accordance with' other village with the r~8ult th.at they were sorted with the list of contents of the box kept inside it by the the slips relating, to the latter village. Tbjs defect Ta.bulation office, resealed them and had them has been set right at the present sorting.. In all Efuch transported to m.y office. On their receipt in my cases I have taken care to arrive at the correct figures office, the slips relating to each trac.t were first c?unted by a reference to the National Register of Citizens to find out if the total number of slips agreed WIth the relating to the units. : total of the population figures of the tract originally obtained and recorded. Care was also taken to In some cases the enumerators had omitted to mark verify with reference to the code numbers of the taluks the code number of the village on some of the slips. mentioned on the slips, if the slips relating to any other In most cases, it was possible to locate the village to tract were mixed up with those of the tract to which which they related either by reference to the hand­ the slips purported to relate. writing on the slips, or by reference to the name of the village, entered on many of them against the answer Regular sorting for language figures was commenced to question 10 (Means of LiveIihood and place of work). only thereafter. The operations consisted of two In every case the identification was got confirmed by a stages. At the first stage the slips were sorted out reference to the relevant National Register of Citizens. for the units in the tract, viz., villages. panchayats and Where such identification could not be secured the municipalities. This sorting was done with reference slips were treated as unidentifiable and shown as such to the location code number of the village entered at in the statements appended. the top of each slip. The number of slips representing 8. The total of the language figures obtained at the the population figure thus obtained in respect of present sorting in respect of the units in the rural each village or panchayat or municipal town was tracts when compared with those arrived at at the 1951 compared with the population figure of the same sorting for the same rural tracts showed some varia­ village, panchayat or municipal town obtained at the tions. Suc~ co:uparison in respec~ of ~gures' relating original census sorting in order to ensure that the slips to urban umts ill a taluk now obtamed IS not possible of each village were all available. The sorting for vil­ as o~y "tract" figures were compiled at 'the 1951 lages thus made.. was checked cent per cent by persons Census and not figures for urban units in a taluk and as specially appointed as Compiler-checkers. A fair already pointed out in paragraph 3 supra a non-city percentage of the work done by the sorters and urban tract invariably comprised towns in more than Compiler-checkers was also checked by me and by one taluk. The reason for the difference in the rural 1Dy two Deputy Superintendents. tracts is this :- • 6. At the second stage of sorting the slips relating In some cases the enumerator had omitted to to each village, panchayat or municipality were sorted mark against the appropriate question the symbol out for the principal mother-tongue languages of the relating to the mother-tongue language of the ir!divi.. taJuk. The slips relating to persons with languages dual represented by the slip. In some cases -the other than the principal mother-tongue languages were symbol m.arked was either unintelligible or meaning­ kept separate and counted.