DISSERTATION / DOCTORAL THESIS Titel der Dissertation /Title of the Doctoral Thesis „Die Inszenierung von Gerechtigkeit: Ästhetik, Dramaturgie und Politik im US-amerikanischen Gerichtsfilm der 1990er Jahre“ verfasst von / submitted by Mag. phil. Saša Miletić angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. phil.) Wien, 2017/ Vienna 2017 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 792 317 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Dissertationsgebiet lt. Studienblatt / Theater-, Film- und Medienwissenschaft field of study as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: ao.Univ.-Prof. Dr. Rainer Maria Köppl 2 INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Vorwort.................................................................................................................................................6 Danksagung..........................................................................................................................................7 1. Einleitung: Gerichtsfilm, Hollywood, Ideologie..........................................................................9 1.1 Einführung......................................................................................................................................9 1.1.1. Aufbau und Ziele der Arbeit.....................................................................................................11 1.1.2. Der theoretische Rahmen.........................................................................................................13 1.1.2.1. Lacans borromäischer Knoten...............................................................................................14 1.1.2.2. Ideologie, Fantasie, Realität..................................................................................................18 1.1.2.3. Die Realitätsfabrik.................................................................................................................21 1.1.2.4. Family/God/Guns..................................................................................................................22 1.1.2.5. Die Verneinung und Verschiebung........................................................................................24 1.2. Hollywood vs. Reality.................................................................................................................26 1.2.1. Realismus ist Ideologie.............................................................................................................29 2. Gerichtsfilm: Genre, Politik und Industrie................................................................................34 2.1. Einführung...................................................................................................................................34 2.1.1. Forschungsstand.......................................................................................................................36 2.2. Genredefinition............................................................................................................................38 2.2.1. "Crimeline"...............................................................................................................................40 2.2.2. Klassifikationen........................................................................................................................46 2.2.3. Genregrenzen und Variationen: drei Beispiele.........................................................................53 2.2.3.1. The Winslow Boy...................................................................................................................53 2.2.3.2. The Sweet Hereafter..............................................................................................................54 2.2.3.3. Enemy of the State.................................................................................................................55 2.3. Gerichtsfilm-Hype der 1990er.....................................................................................................56 2.3.1. Der Erfolg.................................................................................................................................57 2.4. Anwältinnen und Gerichtsfilm: Die Regeln des Spiels...............................................................61 2.4.1. Filmbeispiele............................................................................................................................64 2.4.2. Der Traum der Gleichheit.........................................................................................................68 2.4.3. Das Reale der Illusion..............................................................................................................70 3. Die Themen und die Filme...........................................................................................................73 3.1. Einführung...................................................................................................................................73 3.1.1. Die Unterteilung.......................................................................................................................73 3.1.2. Gutes Timing............................................................................................................................74 3.1.3. Den "Zeitgeist" fangen.............................................................................................................76 3.2. Post-Cold War..............................................................................................................................78 3.2.1. Einführung................................................................................................................................78 3.2.2. Die Filme..................................................................................................................................80 3.2.2.1 Music Box...............................................................................................................................80 3.2.2.2. Die ''Hexenjagd'': Guilty by Suspicion, Citizen Cohn und The Crucible...............................82 3.2.2.3. Guilty by Suspicion................................................................................................................85 3.2.2.4. Citizen Cohn..........................................................................................................................88 3.2.2.5. The Crucible..........................................................................................................................90 3.2.3. JFK: Ein ewiges Trauma..........................................................................................................92 3.2.3.1. Der ideologische Rorschach Test...........................................................................................95 3.2.3.2. Der imaginäre Vater...............................................................................................................98 3.2.4. Red Corner: Der globalisierte Gerichtssaal............................................................................99 3.2.4.1. Die Funktion des FGG.........................................................................................................102 3.2.5. Zusammenfassung..................................................................................................................104 3.3. Rassismus: Der Weiße Blick.....................................................................................................104 3 3.3.1. Einführung..............................................................................................................................104 3.3.1.1. "If 6 was 9"..........................................................................................................................106 3.3.1.2. Black Hollywood.................................................................................................................107 3.3.1.3. The White Gaze...................................................................................................................111 3.3.2 Simpson, et al. - die "Prozesse des Jahrhunderts"...................................................................113 3.3.2.1. Rodney King........................................................................................................................113 3.3.2.2. Byron De La Beckwith........................................................................................................114 3.3.2.3 O.J. Simpson.........................................................................................................................115 3.3.2.3.1 The Race Card...................................................................................................................116 3.3.3. Die Filme................................................................................................................................117 3.3.3.1. Prä-Simpson Filme..............................................................................................................118 3.3.3.2. An der Grenze zu Simpson: Just Cause..............................................................................120 3.3.3.3 Post – Simpson Filme...........................................................................................................122 3.3.3.3.1. Ghosts of Mississippi........................................................................................................122