ForumJournal FALL 2011 | VOL. 26 NO. 1 Protecting the Place ForumJournal Contents NATIONAL TRUST FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION FALL 2011 | VOL. 26 NO. 1 STEPHANIE K. MEEKS President DAVID J. BROWN Executive Vice President Preservation Heroes’ Ongoing Fight and Chief Preservation Officer TABITHA ALMQUIST to Protect Mount Taylor Chief of Staff JERRY ROGERS ........................................ 3 DAVID COOPER Chief Development Officer PAUL EDMONDSON Interview: How the Wilderness Battlefield Chief Legal Officer and General Counsel Coalition Faced Down Walmart ROSEMARIE RAE KERRI RUBMAN ........................................ 11 Chief Financial and Administrative Officer TERRY RICHEY Thinking about Shrinking Chief Marketing Officer ROYCE YEATER . .21 NATIONAL TRUST FORUM VALECIA CRISAFULLI Vice President, Partnerships “Moving Modern”: Modern Architecture SUSAN WEST MONTGOMERY as “Moveable” Heritage Director, Information and Technology MARY KAY JUDY ...................................... 27 ELIZABETH BYRD WOOD Content Manager KERRI RUBMAN Assistant Editor Miami Marine Stadium: Making MARY BUTLER Creative Director the Case for Exceptional Significance AMY VAINIERI JORGE L. HERNANDEZ ................................. 36 Graphic Designer Protecting the Neighborhood: Historic Preservation and Community Development TRENT NICHOLS ....................................... 41 The National Trust for Historic Preservation ON THE COVER: Miami Marine Stadium, Miami, Fla. works to save America’s historic places for the next generation. We take direct, on- Photo BY RICK Bravo, courtesY OF Friends OF MARINE Stadium. the-ground action when historic buildings and sites are threatened. Our work helps Forum Journal, a Journal of the National Trust for Historic Preservation, (ISSN 1536-1012) (USPS build vibrant, sustainable communities. We advocate with governments to save Amer- Publication Number 001-715) is published quarterly by the Center for Preservation Leadership at ica’s heritage. We strive to create a cultural the National Trust for Historic Preservation, 1785 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. legacy that is as diverse as the nation itself 20036 as a benefit of National Trust Forum membership. Forum members also receive six issues so that all of us can take pride in our part of Preservation magazine. Annual dues are $115. Periodicals paid at Washington, D.C. Postmaster: of the American story. Send address changes to National Trust Forum, 1785 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, The National Trust for Historic Preserva- D.C. 20036. Copyright ©2011 National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States. Printed tion is concerned about the responsible in the United States. Of the total amount of base dues, $6.00 is for a subscription for Preservation stewardship of the environment and has magazine for one year. Support for the National Trust is provided by membership dues; endow- published this journal on Chorus Art Silk paper which is 50% recycled with 30% ment funds; individual, corporate, and foundation contributions; and grants from state and federal post consumer fiber. It is manufactured agencies. National Trust Forum Journal is a forum in which to express opinions, encourage debate, with non-polluting, wind generated energy and convey information of importance and of general interest to Forum members of the National and is FSC certified and supported by the Trust. Inclusion of material or product references does not constitute an endorsement by the Rainforest Alliance. National Trust for Historic Preservation. 2 fall 2011 ForumJournal Preservation Heroes’ Ongoing Fight to Protect Mount Taylor JERRY ROGERS At 11,301 feet, Mount Taylor dominates a large part of the west-central New Mexico landscape. Symmetrical and exceptionally beautiful, the mountain makes weather, collects rain and snowfall, and then stores the moisture in snowpacks and aquifers, thereby supporting year-round life by human creatures and others. The ecologi- cal zones created by its rising elevation host a wide variety of life forms upon which humans depend. Its volcanic origin caused the concentration of minerals, most notably high quality uranium ore. Not surprisingly, the mountain holds great cultural signifi- cance for American Indian tribes in the region; and not surprisingly, it holds great economic significance for many others. It has been determined eligible for the National Register, and in 2009 it was listed in the New Mexico State Register following nomina- tion by the Pueblos of Hopi, Zuni, Acoma, and Laguna, plus the Navajo Nation. This action prompted lawsuits to overturn the state listing and also legislative proposals with such extreme requirements for owner consent that no large traditional cultural properties could be listed in the future. A small band of experienced preserva- tionists quickly coalesced, joining these tribes and others to defeat the legislation, but no one believes the fight is over. Jerry Rogers rallied others to the cause in an April 8, 2011, address, excerpted here, to the New Mexico Heritage Preservation Alliance. For deeper background, see Katherine D. Slick, “Stewardship Challenges on Public Lands,” Forum Journal, Vol. 22, No. 4 (Summer 2008), pp 15–28. ometimes just doing one’s job sional integrity to list Mount Taylor in requires courage of heroic New Mexico’s State Register of Cultural dimensions—especially when Properties. It was politically difficult. that job is applying criteria for Powerful mineral industries didn’t want Scultural properties to large tracts of land it done, many private landowners didn’t and when evaluating kinds of significance want it done (even though their lands not widely recognized by America’s dollar- were excluded if they objected), the local driven culture. This presentation celebrates legislator didn’t want it done, the gover- the heroes on the Cultural Properties nor didn’t want it done, and the Secretary Review Committee who two years ago, of Cultural Affairs recommended dodging in 2009, showed the courage and profes- the issue on a technicality. Virtually all of this resistance was Mount Taylor, which rises majestically from based upon either erroneous or vastly the plains in west-central New Mexico, holds exaggerated notions of the practical great cultural significance for the American Indian tribes in the region. effect of listing, but being wrong did Photo BY Rebecca SCHWENDLER not diminish the opponents’ sense of ForumJournal fall 2011 3 certainty about having been wronged. become mere raw material to be pro- About the only people who supported cessed—just another subject to be hyped the listing were five American Indian like nude beaches and casinos, and Tribes whose traditional reverence for when facts get in the way, the facts may the mountain over several centuries had get modified to fit the excitement that made it culturally significant. Listing the must be created. Of such creativity come mountain in the State Register was an legends such as that of the Comanche act of professional responsibility and of warrior named Tucum and his beloved political heroism. “princess” named Cari, who, if they really had existed and really had jumped EFFORTS TO WEAKEN THE off Tucumcari Mountain in romantic CULTURAL AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT despair, would have died as a result of We knew there would be retribution, and tumbling down a slope through cactus, boy was there ever when the legislature because there is no suicide-scaled cliff next convened after the listing! Legisla- there. From such creativity come stories tors introduced a bill that proposed to of an outlaw who killed 21 men before reorganize state government by combin- his 21st birthday, of lost mines and ing the cabinet-level departments of Tour- buried treasure, and of saintly strang- ism and Cultural Affairs in a manner that ers who build miraculous staircases did not promise the best future for heri- and then disappear into the desert. It tage preservation. The same bill would is bad enough when that stuff gets into have deprived the Cultural Properties advertising, but it has no place being Review Committee of its decision-making associated with serious matters like our authority, made it an advisory and policy- social memory. setting body, lodged the decision-making Historic preservation, on the other authority with an official who serves at hand, requires people who are devoted the pleasure of the governor, and made to historical truth as best it can be the state historic preservation officer an understood, who are devoted to sav- ing six inches WE KNEW THERE WOULD BE RETRIBUTION, and boy of wood or a was there ever when the legislature next convened handful of mud after the listing! that went into a building origi- advisor to rather than a participant in nally, even though using a new section planning of projects that affect listed of wood or handful of mud would be historic places. Let’s take a closer look at cheaper, faster, and maybe stronger. what might happen when you adminis- Historic preservation requires people tratively mix tourism and history. to whom such things are matters of It takes a particular type of creative principle and of professional integrity, mentality to get people in New York and people who will sacrifice their careers London and Hamburg and Los Angeles rather than sacrifice their integrity. The and Hong Kong to come to New Mexico combined department would not have and to spend money here. History for been a good match, but organizational these advertising geniuses can sometimes structure