Terrestrial Habitats: Grazing Lands until shortly after seedling emergence but not after early were heard. These birds were familiar across southern January. Disked corn stubble is used sporadically, primarily Minnesota where small family farms with hedgerows, in late January and February just before cranes migrate in windbreaks, and pastures provided ideal habitat until the spring. Grazed grasslands also support cranes, mostly after mid 1900s. As farms became larger with fewer hedgerows the onset of winter rains. Foraging habitat for cranes in the and pastures, the bobwhite population declined. Only a basin is currently ample, but continuing changes in small number remained in the southeastern counties by agricultural practices may result in future food shortages. 1950. Research indicates that because of a high mortality © Thomson Reuters Scientific rate and low life expectancy, up to 4000 birds may be required for a self-sustaining population. Climate also plays 829. Words from the woods: Bobwhite. a part. Bobwhites in southeastern Minnesota are on the Overcott, Nancy fringes of their northern range. The entire state may Minnesota Birding 40(6): 20-21. (2003) eventually become suitable for the species due to regional Descriptors: Colinus virginianus/ vocalization/ pastures/ warming. An increased number of bobwhite sightings in mortality/ hedgerows/ habits-behavior/ habitat use/ neighboring Houston County were observed. Wisconsin farmland/ environmental factors/ ecosystems/ distribution/ also shows an increasing trend in bobwhites numbers on climate/ census-survey methods/ birdwatching/ birds/ breeding bird surveys. The species have a tendency to bobwhite/ Minnesota: Fillmore County make seasonal movements to food sources, so it seems an Abstract: The author discusses the sighting of bobwhites expanding population of bobwhite from Wisconsin may (northern bobwhite quail) in Fillmore County, south of occasionally expand into Minnesota. Canton near the lowa border. The bird's calls and songs © NISC Forests 830. Abundance and attributes of wildlife trees and these structures in future stands that originate from coarse woody debris at three silvicultural systems plantations. Forest harvesting had little effect on the volume study areas in the interior cedar-hemlock zone, British of CWD, but did affect the decay class distribution, reduce Columbia. the proportion of pieces having structural habitat attributes, Stevenson, Susan K.; Jull, Michael J.; and Rogers, Bruce J. and reduce piece lengths; these effects were generally Forest Ecology and Management 233(1): 176-191. (2006) proportional to the level of harvest removal. Partial-cut NAL Call #: SD1.F73; ISSN: 0378-1127 silvicultural systems have the potential to mitigate Descriptors: commercial activities/ conservation measures/ anticipated deficits in large wildlife trees and logs in terrestrial habitat/ land zones/ North America/ Canada/ managed stands, if components of the stand are managed comprehensive zoology: forestry/ trees and coarse woody on longer rotations than those planned for timber debris used by wildlife/ implications/ forest/ habitat production alone. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. management/ logged forest/ forest and woodland/ logging/ © Thomson Reuters Scientific British Columbia/ northern interior wetbelt Abstract: Unmanaged cedar (Thuja plicata)-hemlock 831. Abundance and richness of neotropical migrants (Tsuga heterophylla) forests of the northern Interior Wetbelt during stopover at farmstead woodlots and associated of British Columbia support standing and dead trees with a habitats in southeastern South Dakota. variety of structural features that provide habitat for wildlife. Swanson, D. L.; Carlisle, H. A.; and Liknes, E. T. We describe the pre-harvest abundance and characteristics American Midland Naturalist 149(1): 176-191. (2003) of wildlife trees (standing trees with special characteristics NAL Call #: 410 M58; ISSN: 00030031 that provide habitat for wildlife) and coarse woody debris Descriptors: abundance/ avifauna/ migratory species/ (CWD) at three silvicultural systems trials in cedar- species richness/ stopover/ woodland/ United States/ dominated stands, and the short-term effects of forest Ambrosia trifida/ Catharus ustulatus/ Coccyzus/ Dendroica harvesting on the abundance and attributes of CWD. The striata/ Icterus/ Mimidae/ Pheucticus/ Troglodytes/ treatments were clearcut, group retention (70% volume Vermivora celata/ Vermivora ruficapilla/ Wilsonia pusilla removal), group selection (30% volume removal), and Abstract: Woodland habitats are scarce in the northern unlogged control. We measured standing trees in 75 0.125- Great Plains and were historically concentrated along river ha plots and CWD along 225 24-m transects, using a corridors. Over the past century, riparian habitats in this functional classification system to characterize habitat area have been much reduced, but new woodland habitats attributes of trees and logs. CWD assessments were in the form of farmstead woodlots and shelterbelts have repeated on the same transects after the harvest. The appeared. We used mist net sampling and point counts to relationship between tree size and occurrence of habitat document richness and abundance of Neotropical migrant features was strong for both standing trees and logs. Each birds in farmstead woodlot habitats during spring and fall of the four major tree species in the study area was migrations (1996-1997) in southeastern South Dakota. A associated with specific habitat features that occurred more total of 668 individuals of 30 Neotropical migrant species often in that species than in any other. Large concealed (excluding the taxa Coccyzus, Troglodytes, Mimidae, spaces at the bases of trees, providing den sites and Icterus and Pheucticus, in which migratory and non- escape cover, were associated with hybrid white spruce migratory individuals were difficult to distinguish) was (Picea engelmannii x glauca). We suggest that these trees captured in 4342 net hours (using 9-m. rather than the had originated on nurse logs that subsequently rotted away; standard 12-m mist nets) in spring. The corresponding fall if that supposition is correct, there may be shortages of totals (again using 9-m nets) were 3250 net h, 231 217 Effects of Agricultural Conservation Practices on Fish and Wildlife individuals and 29 species. If fall captures in a ragweed in managed landscapes, but that 200 m wide (Ambrosia trifida) patch occurring within the woodlot are stripsconserved the pre-harvest passerine bird community, included, however, the fall totals were 5107 net h. 1211 at least up to 3 years post-harvest. individuals and 29 species. Overall densities of Neotropical © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. migrants from point counts were 1302 birds km-2 in spring -2 and 898 birds km in fall. Capture and point count data 833. Abundance of green tree frogs and insects in followed similar phenologies, with peak abundance during artificial canopy gaps in a bottomland hardwood forest. mid-May in spring and late August-early September in fall. Horn, Scott; Hanula, James L.; and Ulyshen, Michael D. Both methods indicated seasonal abundance differences American Midland Naturalist 153(2): 321-326. (2005) for some species, with Swainson's thrush (Catharus NAL Call #: 410 M58; ISSN: 0003-0031 ustulatus) and blackpoll warbler (Dendroica striata) more Descriptors: Anura/ Hylidae/ Lissamphibia/ Hyla cinerea/ abundant in spring. Orange-crowned (Vermivora celata). Aiken/ bottomland hardwood forest/ canopy/ habitat use/ Nashville (V. ruficapilla) and Wilson's (Wilsonia pusilla) forests/ ecosystems/ land zones/ population ecology/ warblers were more abundant in fall. Captures within the status/ South Carolina/ terrestrial ecology woodlot were evenly distributed among different Abstract: We found more green tree frogs (Hyla cinerea) in microhabitats during spring migration, but fall captures canopy gaps than in closed canopy forest. Of the 331 green occurred disproportionately in scrubby edge-related tree frogs observed, 88% were in canopy gaps. Likewise, microhabitats, especially in ragweed, suggesting that higher numbers and biomasses of insects were captured in seasonal shifts in microhabitat selection may occur within the open gap habitat. Flies were the most commonly woodlots. Density and capture rate data were similar to collected insect group accounting for 54% of the total previously reported values for riparian habitats in this area. capture. These data suggest that one reason green tree Thus, a diverse assemblage of Neotropical migrants occurs frogs were more abundant in canopy gaps was the in woodlots during migration, suggesting that woodlots are increased availability of prey and that small canopy gaps regularly used as stopover sites and supplement available provide early successional habitats that are beneficial to natural woodland habitats along river corridors. green tree frog populations. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. © NISC 832. Abundance and species composition of 834. Active and passive forest management for multiple amphibians, small mammals, and songbirds in riparian values. forest buffer strips of varying widths in the boreal Carey, Andrew B. mixedwood of Alberta. Northwestern Naturalist 87(1): 18-30. (Apr. 2006) Hannon, S. J.; Paszkowski, C. A.; Boutin, S.; DeGroot, J.; NAL Call #: QL671.M8 Macdonald, S. E.; Wheatley, M.; and Eaton, B. R. Descriptors: forest management/ wildlife habitat/ Canadian Journal of Forest Research