Ankara-Nigde Motorway Project Ankara-Nigde Motorway Project Livelihood Restoration Plan ERG Otoyol Yatırım ve Isletme A.S. Prepared by: SRM Danışmanlık April 2019 Prepared for: ERG Otoyol Yatırım ve Isletme A.S. 1 Ankara-Nigde Motorway Project Quality information Prepared by Checked by Verified by Approved by SRM Gokhan Metin Ece Kılıçözlü Revision History Revision Revision date Details Authorized Name Position Distribution List # Hard Copies PDF Required Association / Company Name Prepared for: ERG Otoyol Yatırım ve Isletme A.S. 2 Ankara-Nigde Motorway Project Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................... 11 1.1 Project Overview .................................................................................................................................................... 11 1.2 Objective of the LRP ............................................................................................................................................... 14 1.3 Scope of the LRP ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 2. LRP METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................................................... 16 2.1 Desktop Study ........................................................................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Field Study .............................................................................................................................................................. 17 2.2.1 Sampling .............................................................................................................................................................................. 17 2.2.2 Site visit ............................................................................................................................................................................... 19 2.2.3 Field Study Results ............................................................................................................................................................... 20 2.3 Constraints of the Field Study ................................................................................................................................. 21 3. REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ......................................................................................................................... 22 3.1 National Legislation Applicable to the Project ........................................................................................................ 22 3.1.1 Land Acquisition .................................................................................................................................................................. 22 3.1.2 Use of Publicly Owned Land ................................................................................................................................................ 23 3.1.3 Land Consolidation .............................................................................................................................................................. 24 3.2 International Standards Applicable to the Project .................................................................................................. 24 3.2.1 IFC Performance Standards ................................................................................................................................................. 24 3.2.2 Equator Principles (EP) III..................................................................................................................................................... 26 3.3 Gap Analysis ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 3.3.1 Gaps Regarding the Application of Expropriation and Land Consolidation Process ............................................................ 28 3.3.2 Specific Gaps Between Urgent Expropriation and IFC PS5 Standard ................................................................................... 38 4. LAND ACQUISITION PROCESS ..................................................................................................................... 39 5. SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE ........................................................................................................................ 42 5.1 Residency Status ..................................................................................................................................................... 42 5.2 Socio-Economic Status of Head of Households (HH) .............................................................................................. 42 5.3 Demographic Composition of Project Affected Households (PAPs)........................................................................ 44 5.4 Income and Expenditure ........................................................................................................................................ 45 5.4.1 Income Sources ................................................................................................................................................................... 45 5.4.2 Expenses .............................................................................................................................................................................. 46 5.4.3 Social Aid ............................................................................................................................................................................. 47 5.4.4 PAH Perception of Their Livelihood ..................................................................................................................................... 47 5.5 Agriculture and Husbandry Activities of Visited Settlements ................................................................................. 47 5.5.1 Main Income Sources .......................................................................................................................................................... 47 5.5.2 Agriculture ........................................................................................................................................................................... 48 5.5.3 Livestock .............................................................................................................................................................................. 49 6. POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON LIVELIHOOD ......................................................................................................... 52 6.1 Land Acqusition Impacts ......................................................................................................................................... 52 6.1.1 Loss of Private Lands through LC ......................................................................................................................................... 53 6.1.2 Loss of Public Lands through LC ........................................................................................................................................... 54 6.1.3 Permanent Land Loss via Expropriation............................................................................................................................... 54 6.2 Loss of Other Immovable Assets via Expropriation ................................................................................................. 58 6.3 Restricted Access .................................................................................................................................................... 60 6.4 Main Findings of Field Study ................................................................................................................................... 61 6.4.1 Project’s Impact on Land Use and Livelihoods ..................................................................................................................... 61 Prepared for: ERG Otoyol Yatırım ve Isletme A.S. 3 Ankara-Nigde Motorway Project 6.4.2 Livelihood Restoration ......................................................................................................................................................... 67 6.4.3 Compensation spending ...................................................................................................................................................... 68 6.4.4 Vulnerable Groups ............................................................................................................................................................... 69 7. ELIGIBILITY FRAMEWORK AND ENTITLEMENT MATRIX .............................................................................. 70 7.1 Entitlement Matrix ................................................................................................................................................. 70 8. LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION MEASURES ..................................................................................................... 79 8.1 Supports by ERG ..................................................................................................................................................... 79 8.2 LRP Programs .........................................................................................................................................................