AD6 TA NO 3037: VOLUME 2 - PNG Road Upgrading and Maintenance Project ROAD FEASIBILIN STUDIES .- -- - -__ TABLE OF CONTENTS ' ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1-1 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE .......................................... 1-1 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE FEASIBILITY STUDIES ................................................... 1-2 1.3 THE CONTEXT OF THE FEASIBILITY STUDIES ............... 1-2 1.4 THE STUDY APPROACH ...................................................................................... 1-2 1.5 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT ........................................................................... 1-3 CHAPTER 2. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 2-1 2.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 ROAD SELECTION ............................................................................................... 2-1 2.3 EXISTING ROAD CHARACTERISTCS ................................................................ .2-2 2.3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 2-2 2.3.2 Sealed Roads ........................................................................................... 2.3.3 Bridges .................................................................. .2-a 2.3.4 Major Issues ................................................................................................. 2-9 2.4 DESIGN STANDARDS ........................................................................................ 2-10 2.4.1 Road Design Standards .................................................................. 2-10 2.4.2 Bridge Design Standard 2.4.3 Review Of Design Stan 2.4.4 Current Practice In Ro 2.4.5 Design Standards Adopted For Investment Program 2.5 ROAD IMPROVEMENT PROJECT UNDERWAY ............................................... 2-15 2.6 MAJOR TRANSPORT INVESTMENT PROPOSALS .......................................... 2-15 2.6.1 Southern Highlands To Gulf Road Link ............................................ 2.6.2 Mendi - Lake Kopiago Road Sealing Project ................................... 2.6.3 Upgrading Of Tari Airport ........................................................................... 2-16 2.6.4 Construction Of Lai River To Hiri Rural Access Road ............................... 2-16 CHAPTER 3. NATIONAL AND REGIONAL ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 3-1 3.1 NATIONAL ECONOMY ................ ........... 3-1 3.1.1 PNG Economic Overview ............................................................................ 3-1 3.2 RECENT ECONOMIC GROWTH AND PERFORMANCE ........................ 3-2 3.3 EXPORTS .............................................................................................................. 3-3 3.4 NATIONAL AND STUDY AREA POPULATION .................................................... 34 w:!ang-nt\in\71O-xplvp0028Wnal-vo12. doc Rev 0 30 June 1999 Page i ADB TA NO 3037: VOLUME 2 - _-PNG Road Upgrading and Maintenance Project ROAD FEASlBlLlN STUDIES 3.5 STUDY AREA REGIONAL ECONOMIES ............................................................. 34 3.5.1 Mineral Sector .............................................................................................. 3-6 3.5.2 Agricultural Sector ........................................................................................ 3-6 3.5.3 Transport Operations And Implications For Traffic Growth And Generation3-8 CHAPTER 4. TRAFFIC 4-1 4.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 4.1.1 Sources Of lnforma 4.1.2 Traffic Variability .... 4.1.3 Travel Purpose And Road Function 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN PRACTICE ............................................. 4-2 4.2.1 General ._. 4.2.2 Summary 4.2.3 Summary 4.2.4 lmplicatio 4.3 TRAVEL MODELING. ................................................................................. .4-5 4.3.1 The National Transport Model ..................................................................... 4-5 4.3.2 Carts Analysis .............................................................................................. 4-6 4.3.3 Base Year Calibration And Model Results ................................................... 4-7 4.4 TRAFFIC COUNT INFORMATION ................ ............................ 4-7 4.4.1 Historical Sources ........................................................................................ 4-7 4.4.2 Vehicle Classification Data .......................................................................... 4-7 4.4.3 Traffic Counts Variability .............................................................................. 4-9 4.5 TRAVEL BY PEOPLE ..4-10 4.5.1 Passenger Car .................... 4-10 4.5.2 Pedestrian Fac ............. .4-10 4.6 TRAFFIC DATA SETS FROM HDM 111 ANALYSIS ............................................. 4-1 1 CHAPTER 5. ROAD IMPROVEMENT PROPOSALS AND COSTS 5-1 5.1 INTRODUCTION ._.. 5.2 ROAD IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIES 5.2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 5-1 5.2.2 Road Upgrading ........................................................................................... 5-1 5.2.3 Road Rehabilitation ...................................................................................... 5-2 5.2.4 Road Maintenance. ..................................................................................... .5-3 5.2.5 Selection Of Road Improvement Proposals ................................................. 5-8 5.3 ROAD UPGRADING COSTS ................................................... 5.3.1 Introduction ........ 5.3.2 Category A Road 5.3.3 Category B Roads ... 5.3.4 Category C Roads ..................................................................... 5.3.5 Cost Estimates ... 5.4 ROAD REHABILITATION COSTS ........................................................ 5.5 ROAD MAINTENANCE COSTS .......................................................................... 5-16 w:\eng-nfVn\710~xp\0028Vinal-vo12. doc Rev 0 30 June 1999 Page ii ADB TA NO 3037: VOLUME 2 - PNG Road Upgrading and Maintenance Project ROAD FEASIBILITY STUDIES .. - 5.5.1 Introduction .... ...................................................... 5-16 5.5.2 Gravel Road Maintenance .. 5.5.3 Sealed Road Maintenance.................................. ............................ 5-1 7 5.5.4 Resource Unit 5.5.5 Unit Costs ................................................................................................... 5-19 5.6 BRIDGE IMPLEMENTATIONWORKS ................................................................ 5-20 5.6.1 Maintenance........ 5.6.2 Upgrading CHAPTER 6. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 6-1 6.1 ROAD USER COSTS ........... 6-1 6.1.1 Vehicle Operating Costs .............................................................................. 6-1 6.1.2 Vehicle Utilization .............. 6.1.3 Labour Costs ..... 6.1.4 Passenger Time 6.1.5 Generated Traftic Benefits ........................................................................... 6-3 6.1.6 Accident Costs ............................................................................................. 6-4 6.2 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY .... ... 6.2.1 General ........................................................................................................ 6-5 6.2.2 Economic Shadow Pricing ........................................................................... 6-5 6.2.3 Distribution Of Benefits ................................................................................ 6-6 6.3 THE HDM-Ill INPUTS... 6.3.1 Existing Link Characteristics .__ 6.3.2 Construction Opt ................ .6-10 6.3.3 Road Maintenance Standards And Unit Costs 6.3.4 Vehicle Fleet Characteristics And Unit Costs ............................................ 6-1 1 6.3.5 Traffic Volumes And Growth Characteristics ............................................. 6-1 1 6.3.6 Link-Alternatives, Report Requests, Comparison Of Alternatives And Run Controls ...................................................................................................... 6-12 6.4 EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES AND SELECTION FRAMEWORK ............. 6-12 6.4.1 General ..................................................................................................... .6-12 6.4.2 Road Sections And Alternatives ............................................................... .6-13 6.4.3 Summary Of Results .................................................................................. 6-13 CHAPTER 7. INVESTMENT PROGRAM AND IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS 7-1 7.1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................... 7-1 7.2 INVESTMENT PROGRAM .................................................................................... 7-1 7.3 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION ......................................... 7-2 7.4 PROJECT OPERATIONS .................................................................................... 7-10 CHAPTER 8. BENEFIT MONITORING AND EVALUATION 8-1 8.1 General ........................................................................................................ 8-1 8.2 ROAD CONDITIONS AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS .............................. 8-1 w:\eng-nt\in\7l O-xpL~p0028Wnal-vol2.doc Rev 0 30 June 1999 Page ii ADB TA NO 3037: VOLUME 2 . PNG Road Upgrading and Maintenance Project ROAD FEASIBILITY STUDIES 8.3 UTILIZATION ........................................................................................................