A Review of Factors Associated with Seamless Flow of International Trade through Terminals: A Case of Dar es Salaam and Mombasa Ports Kenya Tanzania Uganda Zambia Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................................................iv Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 Background .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 Survey Objectives ........................................................................................................................................................................................................2 Methodology and Data Presentation .............................................................................................................................................................2 General Trend of Seaborne Trade .....................................................................................................................................................................2 Ocean Freight Rates ...................................................................................................................................................................................................4 Road Freight Transportation ................................................................................................................................................................................6 Indicative Transport Rates (US$) from Dar es Salaam ...........................................................................................................................8 Development in Container Ships .....................................................................................................................................................................8 Largest Top 20 Container Ships ...................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Parties Involved in the Movement of Freight (Traffic Flow) ........................................................................................................... 15 Port Authority/Port Operator ............................................................................................................................................................................ 15 THROUGHPUT AND DWELL TIMES AT MOMBASA AND DAR ES SALAAM PORTS ........................................................... 16 Mombasa Port ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 DAR ES SALAAM PORT .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Revenue Authorities – Customs ...................................................................................................................................................................... 21 The Single Customs Territory (SCT) ............................................................................................................................................................... 23 Objectives ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Major Achievements .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 24 Shipping Lines/Ships Agents ............................................................................................................................................................................ 24 Clearing and Forwarding Agents ................................................................................................................................................................... 25 Regulatory Authorities .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Factors Associated with Seamless Flow of Traffic ................................................................................................................................ 26 Port space at the quay side and the yard .................................................................................................................................................. 26 Equipment Availability .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Information Flow ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Port supporting infrastructure.......................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Route Indicators ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 27 Recommendations .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 28 i List of Tables Table 1: Development of International Seaborne Trade 2010 - 2015 (million tons loaded), .......................................2 Table 2: Mombasa and Dar es Salaam Cargo Throughput Volumes (million tons) 2010-2015. .................................3 Table 3: World Fleet by Principal Vessel Types 2011 - 2015 in ‘000’ Dwt. .................................................................................5 Table 4: Worldwide Growth of Demand and Supply in Container Shipping 2000 -2015 ..............................................5 Table 5: Average Freight Charges from Mombasa Port per Truck (US $)-Import ................................................................7 Table 6: Average Transport Rates from Dar es Salaam Port per Truck (US$) - Import ......................................................7 Table 7: Indicative Transport Rates (US$) from Dar es Salaam Port (As of April 2017)......................................................8 Table 7(a): Mombasa Port Cargo Traffic (000’ DWT) for 2007 – 2016 ....................................................................................... 16 Table 7(b) Container Traffic at Mombasa Port 2007-2016 .............................................................................................................. 17 Table 7( c )Number of Ships Worked at Mombasa Port 2007 – 2016 ...................................................................................... 17 Table 7(d) Motor Vehicles discharged at Mombasa Port 2007 -2016 ...................................................................................... 18 Table 8. (a) Import and Export Traffic at Dar es Salaam Port (‘000’ Metric Tons) for 2007 – 2016 period .......... 19 Table 8(b) Container throughput in TEUs at Dar es Salaam Port for 2007 – 2016 period ........................................... 20 Table 8 ( c ) Motor Vehicles Traffic in Units at Dar es Salaam Port for 2007-2016 period ............................................ 20 Table 8 (d ) Ship Calls at Dar es Salaam Port for 2009-2016 period........................................................................................... 21 ii List of Figures Figure 1: General Trend Seaborne Trade million ton 2010-2015 (Extracted from UNCTAD Review of Maritime Transport 2016) .............................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Figure 2: Example TOFC ..........................................................................................................................................................................................6 Figure 3: Illustration TOFC ......................................................................................................................................................................................7 Figure 4: Maersk Triple E Class .............................................................................................................................................................................9 Figure 5: Growth in Ship Sizes .........................................................................................................................................................................