DataKeeper for Windows v8.4 Technical Documentation July 2016 This document and the information herein is the property of SIOS Technology Corp. (previously known as SteelEye® Technology, Inc.) and all unauthorized use and reproduction is prohibited. SIOS Technology Corp. makes no warranties with respect to the contents of this document and reserves the right to revise this publication and make changes to the products described herein without prior notification. It is the policy of SIOS Technology Corp. to improve products as new technology, components and software become available. SIOS Technology Corp., therefore, reserves the right to change specifications without prior notice. LifeKeeper, SIOS and SIOS DataKeeper are registered trademarks of SIOS Technology Corp. Other brand and product names used herein are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective companies. 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All rights reserved Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1 SIOS DataKeeper Overview 1 Features 2 User Interface 3 SIOS DataKeeper User Interface 3 DataKeeper Components 4 DataKeeper Service Log On ID and Password Selection 5 Understanding Replication 11 How SIOS DataKeeper Works 11 SIOS DataKeeper Intent Log 11 Non-Shared Volumes 12 Shared Volumes 12 Configuration Issue 12 Relocation of Intent Log 12 SIOS DataKeeper Resynchronization 13 Initial Creation of a Mirror 13 Example: Whitespace Elimination 14 Synchronous and Asynchronous Mirroring 14 Synchronous Mirroring 14 Asynchronous Mirroring 15 Mirror PAUSED 18 Mirror RESYNCING 19 Read and Write Operations 20 Volume Considerations 21 What Volumes Cannot be Mirrored 21 Table of Contents i Volume Size Considerations 21 Specifying Network Cards for Mirroring 22 Dedicated LAN for Replication 22 Performance Monitor Counters 22 Mirror State Counters 23 Mirror Elapsed Time 23 Mirror State 23 Mirror Type 24 Network Number of Reconnects 24 Write Queue Counters 24 Queue Current Length 24 Queue High Water 24 Queue Low Water 25 Resynchronization Control Counters 25 Resync Reads 25 Resync Current Block 25 Resync Dirty Blocks 25 Resync Elapsed Time 26 Resync New Writes 26 Resync Pass 26 Resync Total Blocks 26 Resync Phase 27 Chapter 2: Installation 28 Chapter 3: Configuration 29 Requirements/Considerations 29 Sector Size 29 Network Bandwidth 29 Determine Network Bandwidth Requirements 29 Measuring Rate of Change 30 Network Adapter Settings 30 Table of Contents ii DataKeeper Service Log On ID and Password Selection 31 Firewall Configurations 37 Configuring Microsoft's Windows Firewall with Advanced Security - Example 38 High-Speed Storage Best Practices 41 Configure Bitmaps 41 Disk Partition Size 41 Handling Unmanaged Shutdown Issues 42 Other Recommendations/Suggestions 42 Configuration of Data Replication From a Cluster Node to External DR Site 43 WAN Considerations 43 Initial Synchronization of Data Across the LAN or WAN 43 Verifying Data on the Target Volume 45 Compression 46 Bandwidth Throttle 46 Chapter 4: Administration 47 DataKeeper Event Log Notification 47 Primary Server Shutdown 48 Secondary Server Failures 48 Extensive Write Considerations 49 CHKDSK Considerations 49 DKSUPPORT 49 DKHEALTHCHECK 50 Event Log Considerations 50 Using Disk Management 51 Registry Entries 51 Registry Entries that MAY be Modified 51 BandwidthThrottle † 52 BitmapBaseDir* 52 CompressionLevel † 52 DontFlushAsyncQueue * 53 Table of Contents iii PingInterval * 53 MaxResyncPasses * 53 ResyncReads 54 TargetPortBase * 54 TargetPortIncr * 54 TargetDispatchPort * † 55 WriteQueueHighWater * † 56 WriteQueueLowWater*† 57 SnapshotLocation * 57 TargetSnapshotBlocksize * 57 Registry Entries that SHOULD NOT be Modified 58 ErrorControl 58 DisplayName 59 ImagePath 59 Start 59 Type 59 ErrorControl 60 Group 60 Start 60 Tag 60 Type 61 BuildDate 61 BuildTime 62 LastStartTime 62 Version 62 Failover 63 MirrorRole 63 SnapshotDevice 63 VolumeAttributes 63 BitmapFileEnabled 64 Table of Contents iv BitmapFileValid 65 Enabled 65 TargetDriveLetter 65 SourceDriveLetter 66 MirrorState 66 MirrorType 67 CleanShutdown 67 BreakUserRequested 67 RemoteName 68 Chapter 4: Using EMCMD with SIOS DataKeeper 69 Mirror State Definitions 69 BREAKMIRROR 70 CHANGEMIRRORENDPOINTS 70 1x1 Mirror CHANGEMIRRORENDPOINTS Command Example 71 2x1 Mirror CHANGEMIRRORENDPOINTS Command Example 72 1x1x1 Mirror CHANGEMIRRORENDPOINTS Command Example 73 CLEARBLOCKTARGET 74 CLEARSNAPSHOTLOCATION 74 CLEARSWITCHOVER 75 CONTINUEMIRROR 75 CREATEJOB 75 CREATEMIRROR 76 DELETEJOB 77 DELETELOCALMIRRORONLY 77 DELETEMIRROR 77 DROPSNAPSHOT 77 GETBLOCKTARGET 78 GETCOMPLETEVOLUMELIST 78 GETCONFIGURATION 79 GETEXTENDEDVOLUMEINFO 79 Table of Contents v GETJOBINFO 80 GETJOBINFOFORVOL 80 GETMIRRORTYPE 80 GETMIRRORVOLINFO 81 GETREMOTEBITMAP 81 GETRESYNCSTATUS 82 GETSERVICEINFO 83 GETSNAPSHOTLOCATION 84 GETSOURCEMIRROREDVOLUMES 84 GETTARGETMIRROREDVOLUMES 85 GETVOLUMEDRVSTATE 85 GETVOLUMEINFO 86 ISBREAKUSERREQUESTED 87 ISPOTENTIALMIRRORVOL 87 LOCKVOLUME 88 MERGETARGETBITMAP 88 PAUSEMIRROR 88 PREPARETOBECOMETARGET 89 READREGISTRY 89 RESTARTVOLUMEPIPE 90 RESYNCMIRROR 90 SETBLOCKTARGET 90 SETCONFIGURATION 90 SETSNAPSHOTLOCATION 91 STOPSERVICE 92 SWITCHOVERVOLUME 92 TAKESNAPSHOT 93 UNLOCKVOLUME 93 UPDATEJOB 93 UPDATEVOLUMEINFO 93 Table of Contents vi Chapter 5: Using DKPwrShell with SIOS DataKeeper 95 New-DataKeeperMirror 95 Parameters 95 Inputs 96 Outputs 96 New-DataKeeperJob 96 Parameters 96 Inputs 97 Outputs 97 Remove-DataKeeperMirror 97 Parameters 97 Inputs 98 Outputs 98 Remove-DataKeeperJob 98 Parameters 98 Inputs 98 Outputs 98 Add-DataKeeperJobPair 98 Parameters 99 Inputs 99 Outputs 99 Get-DataKeeperVolumeInfo 100 Parameters 100 InputsNone 100 Outputs 100 Chapter 6: User Guide 101 Getting Started 101 Choose Your Configuration 101 Disk-to-Disk 101 One-to-One 102 Table of Contents vii One-to-Many (Multiple Targets) 104 Many-to-One 105 N-Shared-Disk Replicated to One 106 N-Shared-Disk Replicated to N-Shared-Disk 107 N-Shared-Disk Replicated to Multiple N-Shared-Disk Targets 108 Setting Up SIOS DataKeeper 109 Connecting to a Server 109 Disconnecting from a Server 110 Creating a Job 110 Configuring Mirrors 110 Creating a Mirror 110 Creating the Mirror 111 Creating Mirrors With Shared Volumes 112 Safe Creation of a Shared-Storage Volume Resource 115 Creating Mirrors With Multiple Targets 116 Switchover and Failover with Multiple Targets 117 Manual Switchover to a Target Server 118 Source Server Failure - Manual Switchover to a Target Server 119 Working With Jobs 120 Jobs 120 Renaming a Job 121 Deleting a Job 122 Reassigning a Job 122 Switching Over a Mirror 122 Requirements for Switchover 123 Working With Mirrors 123 Managing Mirrors 123 Pause and Unlock 124 Continue and Lock 124 Partial Resync 124 Table of Contents viii Break 124 Resync 125 Deleting a Mirror 125 Replacing a Target 125 Using the BREAK Command 126 Using the DELETE Command 126 DataKeeper Volume Resize 126 Non-Shared Volume Procedure 126 Shared Volume Procedure - Basic Disk 127 Error Handling: 127 Restrictions 128 Mirror Properties 128 Changing the Compression Level of an Existing Mirror 130 Working With Shared Volumes 131 Managing Shared Volumes 131 Adding a Shared System 132 Removing a Shared System 133 Using Microsoft iSCSI Target With DataKeeper on Windows 2012 133 Installation of the iSCSI Target 134 Creation of Mirror and Configuration of Cluster 136 Creation of iSCSI Virtual Disks 139 Setting Up Multiple Virtual Disks Within the Same Target Name 141 Setup of iSCSI Initiator on Windows 2012 141 DataKeeper Notification Icon 143 Auto-Start at Login 145 DataKeeper Target Snapshot 145 Overview 145 When To Use Target Snapshot 146 How To Use Target Snapshot 146 How Target Snapshot Works 146 Table of Contents ix Quiescing the Database/Application 147 Read and Write I/O Requests 147 Source Write 147 Local Write 148 Target Read Request 149 Using Target Snapshot 149 Configuring the Snapshot Location 149 Snapshot Location Size 150 Snapshot Location Selection 150 Taking a Snapshot 153 Dropping a Snapshot 153 Disabling Target Snapshot for a Given Volume 153 Target Snapshot Notes 154 Supported Configurations 154 Source Out of Service 154 Switchovers and Failovers 154 Files / Disk Devices / Registry Entries 154 TargetSnapshotBlocksize Registry Value 156 SQL Server Notes 156 Known Issues 156 Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 Requirement 156 NTFS File System Message 156 Application Data Using Snapshot 157 Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) Free Disk Space Requirements 157 Using SIOS DataKeeper Standard Edition To Provide Disaster Recovery For Hyper-V Vir- tual Machines 157 Considerations 157 Preparing the Environment 157 Create and Configure a Hyper-V Virtual Machine 158 Install an Operating System and Any Required Applications in the Virtual Machine 162 Table of Contents x Configure the Target Server to Run the Virtual Machine 162 Planned/Unplanned Switchover 166 Planned Switchover 166 Unplanned Switchover 168 Switchback 169 Chapter 7: Frequently Asked Questions 170 Awareness of Windows Filenames and Directory Names 170 Change Mirror Endpoints 170 Change Mirror Type 170 Create a Mirror and Rename Job and Delete Job Actions Grayed Out 170 Data Transfer Network Protocols 171 Delete and Switchover Actions Grayed Out 171 Deleting a Mirror FAQ 171 Error Messages Log 171 Inability to Create a Mirror 172 Network