THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA TANGA REGION SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE UGANDA RWANDA KENYA BURUNDI 12 12121 1234512121231 121234152312 121212341523112 12345612123415231 1212345612341523 112234561234121235 121234561234125 12312123456123TANGA12345 123 12345 ZAMBIA MSUMBIJI Joint Publication by: THE PLANNING COMMISSION DAR ES SALAAM and REGIONAL COMMISSIONER'S OFFICE TANGA TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD.........................................................................................................................v SECTION I............................................................................................................................. 1 1.0 LAND, POPULATION AND CLIMATE.................................................................... 1 1.1 LOCATION.........................................................................................................................1 1.2 AREA AND ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS....................................................................1 1.3 ETHNIC COMPOSITION................................................................................................3 POPULATION SIZE AND GROWTH.................................................................................5 POPULATION DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION..................................................................10 EMPLOYMENT......................................................................................................................19 CLIMATE...............................................................................................................................22 1.8 SOILS................................................................................................................................23 1.9 VEGETATION..................................................................................................................24 1.10 AGRO - ECONOMIC ZONES..........................................................................................25 TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM..........................................................................27 Topography....................................................................................................................27 1.7 DRAINAGE SYSTEM.......................................................................................................29 SECTION II .........................................................................................................................30 THE REGIONAL ECONOMY.............................................................................................30 GDP AND PER CAPITA GDP............................................................................................34 FOOD CROPS.......................................................................................................................38 CASH CROPS.......................................................................................................................47 FARM IMPLEMENTS .......................................................................................................55 IRRIGATION ......................................................................................................................56 LIVESTOCK SECTOR ............................................................................................................60 LIVESTOCK INFRASTRUCTURE ..........................................................................................66 4.2.5 NATURAL RESOURCES AND TOURISM.........................................................66 I) FORESTS...........................................................................................................................66 BEE-KEEPING.......................................................................................................................70 i WILDLIFE..............................................................................................................................71 FISHERIES ............................................................................................................................72 (V) MINERALS DEPOSITS.................................................................................................75 INDUSTRIES ........................................................................................................................77 SECTION III........................................................................................................................82 ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURES ..................................................................................82 ROAD NETWORK..........................................................................................................82 RAILWAYS ..........................................................................................................................91 AIR SERVICE........................................................................................................................93 ENERGY...............................................................................................................................93 ELECTRICITY........................................................................................................................93 FIREWOOD/CHARCOAL.......................................................................................................94 HARBOURS........................................................................................................................94 SECTION IV........................................................................................................................97 2.0 SOCIAL SERVICES ...................................................................................................97 2.1.0 EDUCATION .................................................................................................................97 2.1.1 PRIMARY EDUCATION ...............................................................................................97 DROP-OUT PROBLEM..................................................................................................103 SECONDARY EDUCATION.................................................................................................116 HEALTH SECTOR..........................................................................................................131 HOSPITAL..........................................................................................................................131 DISPENSARIES:....................................................................................................................132 HEALTH CENTERS..........................................................................................................134 DISEASES .........................................................................................................................135 LIFE EXPECTANCY ............................................................................................................141 INFANT AND UNDER FIVE MORTALITY RATES....................................................143 MARTENAL MORTALITY............................................................................................144 WATER SERVICES .........................................................................................................147 ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION.............................................................................158 ii SECTION V......................................................................................................................160 DEVELOPMENT POTENTIALS AND PROSPECTS ...............................................160 AGRICULTURE:...................................................................................................................160 Food Crops:.................................................................................................................160 Cash Crops: .................................................................................................................163 c) Other Natural Resources:.....................................................................................165 ii) Fisheries..................................................................................................................165 iii) Forestry..................................................................................................................166 d) Industrial A ctivities (Agro-Industries) .............................................................167 e) Tourism: ...................................................................................................................168 f) Mining:......................................................................................................................169 g) Education:...............................................................................................................169 h) Health:.....................................................................................................................170 i) Water:........................................................................................................................170 ANNEX ...............................................................................................................................171 1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT TANZANIA .............................................171 AREA OF MAINLAND....................................................................................................171 TANZANIA