9/22/2021 Azimuthal Quantum Number: Characteristics of the Orbital, Azimuthal Quantum Number, Azimuthal or Subsidiary Quantum Number-… FlexiPrep Azimuthal Quantum Number: Characteristics of the Orbital, Azimuthal Quantum Number, Azimuthal or Subsidiary Quantum Number (For CBSE, ICSE, IAS, NET, NRA 2022) Get unlimited access to the best preparation resource for competitive exams : get questions, notes, tests, video lectures and more- for all subjects of your exam. Quantum numbers are numbers allocated to all the electrons in an atom and they describe certain characteristics of the electron. Characteristics of the Orbital The characteristics of the orbital are used to define the state of an electron completely and are expressed in terms of three numbers as Principal quantum number Azimuthal quantum number and Magnetic quantum number & Spin Quantum number. What is Azimuthal Quantum Number? Other than principal quantum number (n) , spectroscopic notation, magnetic quantum numbers (m) and the spin quantum number (s) – the azimuthal quantum number is another set of quantum numbers which describe the unique quantum state of an electron. Azimuthal Quantum Number ©FlexiPrep. Report ©violations ＠https://tips.fbi.gov/ 1 of 4 9/22/2021 Azimuthal Quantum Number: Characteristics of the Orbital, Azimuthal Quantum Number, Azimuthal or Subsidiary Quantum Number-… Definition: The quantum number associated with the angular momentum of an atomic electron. The Azimuthal Quantum Number also termed as the orbital angular momentum quantum number, orbital quantum number or second quantum number, and is symbolized as ℓ. n − 1. Where n refers to the principal quantum number. When ℓ is equal to zero, you have an “s orbital” and when it is equal to 1, this is called the “p orbital.” as shown in the figure above. This number describes the shape of the orbital and determines the orbital angular momentum. Brief History Arnold Sommerfeld posited the term azimuthal quantum number from the Bohr model of the atom. The Rutherford-Bohr model or Bohr model depicts the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus – similar to the solar system, except with attraction provided by electrostatic forces rather than gravity. The Bohr model has its existence from spectroscopic analysis of the atom in combination with the Rutherford atomic model. Angular Momentum was found to be ‘0’ at the lowest level of quantum. Orbits with zero angular momentum were termed as ‘pendulum’ orbits. Azimuthal or Subsidiary Quantum Number Azimuthal quantum number describes the shape of orbital. It is denoted by ℓ. Values of are from zero to n-1. For S-Orbital, ℓ = 0 ©FlexiPrep. Report ©violations ＠https://tips.fbi.gov/ S orbital is simplest in all and it is in spherical shape. It has only one orbital which is S. 2 of 4 9/22/2021 Azimuthal Quantum Number: Characteristics of the Orbital, Azimuthal Quantum Number, Azimuthal or Subsidiary Quantum Number-… For P-Orbital, ℓ = 1 ©FlexiPrep. Report ©violations ＠https://tips.fbi.gov/ P orbital is dumbbell shaped three orbital: For D-Orbital, ℓ = 2 ©FlexiPrep. Report ©violations ＠https://tips.fbi.gov/ For f-orbital, ℓ = 3 which is more complex than d, it has 7 orbitals. With the help of the value of azimuthal quantum number one can determine the total number of energy sub-levels in a given energy level. 3 of 4 9/22/2021 Azimuthal Quantum Number: Characteristics of the Orbital, Azimuthal Quantum Number, Azimuthal or Subsidiary Quantum Number-… Azimuthal or Subsidiary Quantum Number and Its Shape ©FlexiPrep. Report ©violations ＠https://tips.fbi.gov/ Developed by: Mindsprite Solutions 4 of 4.