Joy Enomoto LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan CRITICAL CARTOGRAPHY Counter mapping of space, place & memory Joy Enomoto LIS 601 Spring 2016 Professor Vanessa Irvin Bibliographic Research Plan Joy Enomoto LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….2 Audience………………………………………………………………………...2 Reference Source.……………………………………………………………....3 Citation Style & Coding Key…………………………………………………..3 Search Strategy…………………………………………………………………………3 Subject Headings……………………………………………………….4 LC Call Numbers……….……………………………………………....4 Search Terms…….……………………………………………………..5 Boolean Expressions.………….………………………………………..5 Natural Language Strings ……………………………………………..5 Search Process.………………………………………………………………………….6 OPACS ………………………………………………………………………….6 Databases and Indexes …………………………………………………………6 Web Resources..…………………………………………………………………8 Conclusion .…………………………………………………………………………...…8 Works Cited..…………………………………………………………………………..10 Appendix I: Annotated Bibliography .……………………………………………….13 Critical Cartograph. ..…………………………………………………………13 Indigenous Cartography.……………………………………….……………..13 Art Mapping..…………………………………………………………………..14 Cognitive Mapping ……………………………………………………………15 Appendix II: Search Term Relevancy Chart..……………………………………….16 1 Joy Enomoto LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan Introduction Critical Cartography is a dynamic, cross disciplinary field of study that challenges traditional cartographers by pushing against the supposition that maps are objective representations of real space and instead calls “into question the presumptions of professional cartography, “professional cartography” referring at once to official map- making, the dominant map houses, and academic cartography” (Krygier and Wood 3). Drawing from postmodernist philosophers, such as Foucault, during the late 1980s and early 1990s, advocates of critical cartography set out to reveal “the ‘hidden agendas of cartography’ as tools of socio-spatial power” (Einat 1). Critical cartography puts forward new mapping practices, known as counter-mapping. Counter-mapping refers to any map- making processes that challenge the formal maps of the state. This includes Indigenous cartography or ethnocartography, art mapping and cognitive mapping. Indigenous cartography, sometimes referred to as ethnocartography refers to non-western mapping practices created from the perspective of Indigenous peoples and running challenging colonial assertions over land claims. Art mapping is “nothing less than the remaking of the world” (Krygier and Wood 10). The remapping of the social, cultural or linguistic space challenges the entire notion of the professional map and asserts a new form of what is real. Visual artists often create new maps from traditional maps or do away with their boundaries all together. Cognitive Mapping or mental mapping “refers to the ways in which people comprehend, learn, remember, record and articulate their experiences in the physical environment” (Einat 1). Critical cartography moves the map beyond the realm of an object and into a space for complex critical thinking in regards to understanding our world. As such, the develop- ment of critical maps are often used as tools for activists and those committed to social justice pursuing a new narrative counter to colonial descriptions of space, time and memory. Audience This research plan was designed to serve researchers in the field of cartography, human geography, Indigenous studies, visual art and art history, border studies, political science, American studies and other related social sciences. This plan may also serve librarians working with map collections and georeferencing tools. The core of the sources would best serve faculty and students of the University of Hawaii at Mānoa (UHM), but it is broad enough in scope for this interested in pursuing this field outside of the university. 2 Joy Enomoto LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan Reference Sources For background information on the field of Critical Cartography and its related fields, there were several reference sources that I consulted through Hamilton Library: Harley, J. B., and Woodward, David. The History of Cartography. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1987. Print. (Call Number: GA201 .H53 1987 ). This two volume set, whose initial volume was published in 1987 was followed by three books compiling the second volume that were released in piece meal over the next 11 years. This collection sets out to define a new set of relationships between maps and the physical world and repositioning at the heart of cultural life and society. Kitchin, Rob, and Freundschuh, Scott. Cognitive Mapping : Past, Present, and Future. London ; New York: Routledge, 2000. Print. (Call Number: BF314 .K58 2000). This book provides a good overview of the origin of the subject area of cognitive mapping, contemporary discussions and the directions this type of spatial interrogation is headed. Scott, Clay, Warren, Alvin, Enote, Jim, and Indigenous Communities Mapping Initiative. Mapping Our Places : Voices from the Indigenous Communities Mapping Initiative. Berkeley, CA: The Initiative, 2005. Print. (Call Number: E98.F6 M22 2005 Library Use Only). This text discusses the use of oral histories, dreams and story telling as a method of way- finding through an Indigenous world view. Pitzl, Gerald R. Encyclopedia of Human Geography. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Pub., 2004. Print. (Call Number: GF4 .P58 2004 Library Use Only) This encyclopedia discusses all the ways in which humans interact and provides overviews for critical cartography, indigenous mapping and cognitive mapping. Citation Style & Coding Key All citations in this bibliographic research plan follow the guidelines of the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (7th edition). The coding key for this project primarily utilized key word search terms (KW) in lower case and in quotes, keywords with Boolean operators (AND OR NOT) will be in mixed case with the Boolean operators in caps. Controlled vocabulary (CV) search terms in all caps. 3 Joy Enomoto LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan Search Strategy I applied the coding key as previously stated and used the Library of Congress Classification Outline to determine subject headings, their subclasses and call numbers. Since this research plan caters primarily to the UHM and academic libraries, I did not use Dewey Decimal classifications in my search. I also did not include subject headings that included literary mapping which would have made the scope too broad and taken away from the focus of spatial criticism and applied mapping practice. Subject Headings Library of Congress (LC) To locate Library of Congress subject headings and call numbers I rely on the Library of Congress Classification Outline. I began with the subject of Geography and narrowed the terms from this point. Subject headings: GEOGRAPHY MAPS MATHEMATICAL GEOGRAPHY COUNTER MAPPING CARTOGRAPHY INDIGENOUS MAPPING CARTOGRAPHY - HISTORY COGNITIVE MAPS (PSYCHOLOGY) ETHNOCARTOGRAPHY MENTAL MAPPING POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY ART MAPS LC Call Numbers These call numbers provide the ranges for searches in Critical Cartography and it sub- headings. GA MATHEMATICAL GEOGRAPHY. CARTOGRAPHY GA 101-1776 CARTOGRAPHY GA 125-155 MAP DRAWING, MODELING, PAINTING, READING, ETC. GA 197.5N-198 CARTOGRAPHERS GA 300 - 325 WORLD MAPS, GENERAL ATLAS, ETC. GA 341- 1776 MAPS. BY REGION OR COUNTRY GN ANTHROPOLOGY GN 301-674 ETHNOLOGY. SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY GN 357-367 CULTURAL AND CULTURAL PROCESSES INCLUDING SOCIAL CHANGE, STRUCTURALISM, ETC. BF PSYCHOLOGY BF 309-499 CONSCIOUSNESS. COGNITION INCLUDING LEARNING, ATTENTION, COMPREHENSION, MEMORY,IMAGINATION, GENIUS, INTELLIGENCE, THOUGHT AND THINKING,PSYCHOLINGUISTICS, MENTAL FATIGUE E HISTORY OF AMERICAS 4 Joy Enomoto LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan E 11-143 AMERICA JC319-323 POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY N VISUAL ARTS N300-7418 HISTORY N7560-8266 SPECIAL SUBJECTS AS ART Search Terms Instructions The coding key to delineate between the difference between terms are keyword searches in lower case, Boolean expressions have a mixed case combining keywords in lower case and Boolean term in all caps (AND OR NOT). Natural language strings are lower case and in quotes to set them apart. ? are used for truncation purposes to allow for variations. Keywords The following are keywords related to critical cartography or counter mapping. These terms are helpful for database searches. Some terms have ? marks for truncation to allow for variants in the term. cartograph? (cartography, cartographer, cartographic) critical Indigen? (indigenous, indigeneity) map cognit? (cognition, cognitive) map critical cartography counter mapping mental mapping ethnocartography art mapping indigenous cartography Boolean Expressions cartography AND art critical cartography NOT literary critical cartography OR counter mapping cartography AND (criticism OR counter) Indigenous AND map map? NOT literary AND indigenous art AND cartography AND power Natural Language Strings “indigenous counter mapping” “mapping empire” “map as art” “indigenous critical cartography” “deconstructing the map” “what is critical cartography” 5 Joy Enomoto LIS 601: Bibliographic Research Plan Search Process OPACS (Online Public Access Catalogs) UH Voyager I conducted the majority of my searches through Voyager since this bibliographic plan caters to UH Mānoa students. The site yielded a great number of titles on indigenous cartography and counter mapping. However, I realized that because critical cartography is not an LC subject