PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI THE MESSAGES REVEALED THROUGH THOMAS’ CONFLICT IN JAMES DASHNER’S THE MAZE RUNNER AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By DWIGO BIYAS TARIGAN Student Number: 124214103 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2017 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI THE MESSAGES REVEALED THROUGH THOMAS’ CONFLICT IN JAMES DASHNER’S THE MAZE RUNNER AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By DWIGO BIYAS TARIGAN Student Number: 124214103 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2017 ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY I certify that this undergraduate thesis contains no material which has been previously submitted for the award of any other degree at any university, and that, to the best of my knowledge, this undergraduate thesis contains no material previously written by any other person except where due reference is made in the text of the undergraduate thesis Yogyakarta, February 5, 2017 Dwigo Biyas Tarigan iii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI iv PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY I certify that this undergraduate thesis contains no material which has been previously submitted for the award of any other degree at any university, and that, to the best of my knowledge, this undergraduate thesis contains no material previously written by any other person except where due reference is made in the text of the undergraduate thesis Yogyakarta, February 5, 2017 Dwigo Biyas Tarigan v PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARTA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma Nama : Dwigo Biyas Tarigan Nomor Mahasiswa : 124214103 Dengan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul THE MESSAGES REVEALED THROUGH THOMAS’ CONFLICT IN JAMES DASHNER’S THE MAZE RUNNER beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan, mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan meminta ijin kepada saya maupun memberikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di Yogyakarta Pada tanggal 5 Februari 2017 Yang menyatakan, Dwigo Biyas Tarigan vi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to say thank to Jesus Christ for everything You have given to me. I know that sometimes I forget to pray and questioned my faith, but thank for loving me, unconditionally and giving me another day to start over again. My sincere gratitude goes to my lecturer, Ni Luh Putu Rosiandani, S.S., M.Hum and E. Arti Wulandari, Ph.D., who support and advise me throughout the writing process of my undergraduate thesis with their patience, knowledge, and critical mind. Furthermore, I would like to thank my parents for always encourages me to finish my thesis. I thank my dearest girlfriend, Gisela for always being by my side through my hardest time. Then, I would say thank you to my parents J.A Tarigan and Yenny I.S.P, who always support me every time. I also dedicate this research to all my friends in the English Department, especially Amos, Antony, Alex, Arum, Asmara, Baped, Deni, Dennis, Dida, Diony, Dryan, Ega, Endo, Gatot, Halim, Ikhsan, Iqbal, Ino, Kaka, Kevin John, Lolo, Niko, Nopek, Nopen, Odie, Penyik, Putra, Ranjang, Rany, Satrio, Satya, Shuko, Toto, Vito, Wisnu, and Mother of Kopma for their spirit, support, motivation and endless friendship. Dwigo Biyas Tarigan ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ........................................................................................................ ii APPROVAL PAGE ............................................................................................. iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE ......................................................................................... iv LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH .... v STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY .................................................................... vi MOTTO PAGE ................................................................................................... vii DEDICATION PAGE ....................................................................................... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................. ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................... x ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... xi ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study ............................................................................. 4 B. Problem Formulation ................................................................................... 4 C. Objectives of the Study ................................................................................ 4 D. Definition of Terms ...................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE A. Review of Related Studies ........................................................................... 6 B. Review of Related Theories ......................................................................... 8 C. Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 12 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY A. Object of the Study .................................................................................... 13 B. Approach of the Study ............................................................................... 14 C. Method of the Study ................................................................................... 15 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS A. The Characteristics of Thomas .................................................................. 17 B. The Conflicts Faced by Thomas ................................................................ 26 C. The Message as Revealed through the Thomas‘ Conflicts ........................ 36 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ........................................................................... 43 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................ 45 x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT DWIGO BIYAS TARIGAN, The Message Revealed Through Thomas’ Conflict in James Dashner’s The Maze Runner. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2017. The object of this study is a novel entitled The Maze Runner which is written by James Dashner that tells about a group of people who lose their memories except their names and inhabited the Maze. Every day, they must run through the Maze outside the Glade, a place where they live. The purposes of this study are first, identify the main character, Thomas; second, identify the conflicts faced by Thomas; and third, showing the messages as revealed through the conflicts faced by Thomas. The writer uses New Criticism as the approach of the study to analyze this novel. The writer also conducts some study about character and characterization, conflicts, and message. Then, the writer applied the theories from those books into the analysis to answer the problem formulations. Therefore, it can be said that the method which is used in this study is library research. The writer can reveal several possible messages from the conflicts faced by the main character, Thomas. Thomas has four characteristics; they are curious, smart, brave, and selfless. Then, those characteristics lead Thomas to survive from the Grievers and find a way out from the Maze. Thomas‘ conflicts are divided into two, internal and external conflicts. The internal conflict happens when Thomas faces dilemma, whether he should help his friends or just stay inside the Glade. Then, the writer divides the external conflicts into three conflicts. First, when Thomas fights against the Grievers in order to survive inside the Maze. Second, when Thomas and Alby have different opinion about their survival chance in the Maze. Third, the conflict happens when Thomas‘ attitude annoys all of Gladers and when he tries to persuade all of Gladers to follow him to find a way out the Maze. The message that are revealed through the conflict of Thomas are: never giving up with the difficult situations, daring to take a risk for our goal, and sacrificing for something we want to achieve. xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK DWIGO BIYAS TARIGAN, The Message Revealed Through Thomas’ Conflict in James Dashner’s The Maze Runner. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2017. Objek dari