NAVAL MAGAZINE (NAVMAG) LUALUALEI, WEST LOCH BRANCH, HABS No. HI-220 AMMUNITION WHARF TYPE (Structures Wl-W5) U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor H,'tgs Water's edge at north end of installation H-l: Pearl Harbor Honolulu County ~- PcH:Jt Hawaii q()_ :I PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY National Park Service Western Region Department of the Interior San Francisco, CA 94107 HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY HABS No. Hl-220 NAVAL MAGAZINE (NAVMAG) LUALUALEI, WEST LOCH BRANCH, AMMUNITION WHARF TYPE (Naval Magazine Lualualei, West Loch Branch, Structures Wl-W5) Location: At the water's edge at the northern portion of the installation, at the West Loch of Pearl Harbor, NA VMAG West Loch, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Si~nificance: These structures serve as excellent intact examples of military construction in the 1930s, and are significant as part of the initial base construction. They have served a significant and constant role at the installation since their completion. Description: Three of the wharves, numbers one, two and three, are located by the main shipping area, where the main administration building is located, and the two other wharves, numbers four and five, are located southeast of the main shipping area, closer to the magazine area. They are all of concrete construction, with a curb wall along the edge and large steel bollards for securing ships. See HABS No. HI-265 for additional description of the base. History: The ammunition wharves were constructed in 1932. The wharves have been in constant use since their completion, and appear relatively unaltered. See HABS No. HI- 265 for additional history of the base. Sources: Allan, Gwenfread 1950 Hawaii's War Years. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. Coletta, Paolo; Editor 1985 United States Navy and Marine Corps Bases, Domestic. Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut. Honolulu Star Bulletin 1931 Munitions Work Contract Here Gets Increase. Honolulu Star Bulletin, July 2, 1931, pg.I, c.7. 1931 Munitions Job in Full Swing by October 1st. Honolulu Star Bulletin, July 24, 1931, pg.I, c.5. 1931 Island Labor for Lualualei. Honolulu Star Bulletin,, Aug. 3, 1931, pg.4, c.2. Historian: Katharine Bouthillier, Spencer Mason Architects, 1994. U.S. NAVAL BASE, PEARL HARBOR, AMMUNITION WHARF HABS HI-220 TYPE (U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Naval Magazine Lualualei West Loch Branch) (Structures W 1-W 5) Water's edge at north end of installation Pearl Harbor Honolulu County Hawaii ADDENDUM TO: NAVAL MAGAZINE LUALUALEI, WEST LOCH BRANCH, AMMUNITION WHARF TYPE (Structures W 1-W5) Water's edge at north end of installation Pearl Harbor Honolulu County Hawaii PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA FILED NOTES HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY National Park Service Department of the Interior 333 Bush Street San Francisco, California ADDENDUM TO U.S. NAVAL BASE, PEARL HARBOR, AMMUNITIONS WHARF TYPE HABS No. Hl-220 (Page 2) HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY U.S. NAVAL BASE, PEARL HARBOR, AMMUNITIONS WHARF TYPE This report is an addendum to a 1 page report previously transmitted to the Library of Congress in 1994. Location: At the water's edge at the northern part of the installation at the West Loch of Pearl Harbor, NAVMAG West Loch Pearl Harbor Naval Base City and County of Honolulu, Hawai'i U.S.G.S. Pearl Harbor, HI Quadrangle 1999 (7.5 minute series) NAD83. Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinates: Wharf W1-3: 4.604793.2361078 Wharf W4-5: 4.603844.2361527 Data page 1 has been previously transmitted to the Library of Congress. Date of Construction: During the 1930s Designer: Unknown Builder: Contractors Pacific Naval Air Bases (Structure W-2) Present Owner: U.S. Navy Significance: These structures serve as excellent examples of ammunition wharfs constructed by the U.S. Navy during the 1930s. They are significant for their association with the development of the Naval Magazine at West Loch, and the role they played on December 7, 1941. The wharfs have served an important and continuous role at the installation since their completion. They are also significant as their design, materials, workmanship and methods of construction are typical for 1930s and 1940s reinforced concrete wharf construction in Hawaii. ADDENDUM TO U.S. NAVAL BASE, PEARL HARBOR, AMMUNITIONS WHARF TYPE HABS No. HI- 220 (Page No. 3) Description: A wharf is a structure at which vessels may land, load, and unload their cargoes and passengers. There are two types of wharfs: marginal and projecting. The deck of a marginal wharf· is constructed parallel to, and often adjoining, the shore, while that of a projecting wharf is constructed perpendicular to the shore, extending out into a body of water. The latter type is usually called a pier, while in the United States the word wharf usually refers to a marginal wharf. In Europe marginal wharfs are called quays. 1 The five wharfs which are the subject of this report are all marginal wharfs. Wharfs W1 through W5 are similar in their design, materials, workmanship, and methods of construction. Wharfs W1, W2, and W3 are contiguous, providing over 1,500 linear feet of docking space. Wharfs W4 and W5 are also contiguous and extend 1,000 linear feet along their ocean front. Both sets of Wharf serve the Naval Ammunition Depot at West Loch, with Wharf W1, W2, and W3 being located at West Loch's main administration center, while Wharfs W4 and W5 are sited to the southeast of the other three structures in closer proximity to the magazine area. Wharfs W1, W2, and W3 front on West Loch running in a southeast to northwest direction, with W1 being the southeastern­ most structure, while W3 is furthest to the northwest, and W2 is in the middle. They are situated within West Loch's administrative center, and Facility Nos. 1, 2, 4, 5, 47, 48, 319, and 564 stand on the shore adjoining the three Wharf, located within the barbed wire capped chain link fence which defines the perimeter of the restricted wharf area. Facility No. 48 immediately fronts Wharf W1 at its southeastern end and functions as a warehouse. It is a single story masonry building with a corrugated metal, gable roof. It is 3 bays wide and 6 bays long, and is surrounded by lawn on all sides except that fronting the wharf. Facility No. 5 sits back from Wharf 1. This functional, flat-roofed masonry building has lawn on all four sides. The roadway accessing the wharf compound separates Facility Nos. 5 and 48 from the other buildings in the area. Facility No. 1, the Ordnance Field Office, fronts on the entry road and its three bay wide fagade features an inset, centered entry lanai defined at its corners by fluted square columns. The building is six bays long with a loading platform adjoining Wharf W2. Five steps at the northwest end of the loading platform lead down to the wharf. Facility No. 4, a restroom, stands in the lawn area at the rear of Facility No. 1. This modest masonry structure has a corrugated metal, gable roof. A concrete, World War II bomb shelter, with its typical semicircular profile stands between the restrooms and Wharf W2. To the northwest of the restrooms 1 Carlton Green, Wharves and Piers, Their Design Construction and Equipment, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1917, 1. ADDENDUM TO U.S. NAVAL BASE, PEARL HARBOR, AMMUNITIONS WHARF TYPE HABS No. HI- 220 (Page No. 4) is Facility No. 319, a single story, masonry building with a gable roof, which serves as a smoke shed, a break room where people can smoke, as no smoking is allowed on the wharf. Between the smoke shed and the wharf is Facility No. 564, an electrical substation. All these buildings have lawns and trees surrounding them. Facility Nos. 2 and 47 are both single-story, masonry warehouses with gabled roofs which front on wharf W3. The latter, which is fifteen bays long, actually sits on the wharf and has railroad tracks running on either side of it. The former is five bays long, and both buildings are three bays wide. Wharfs W1, W2, and W3 are 37' wide, with Wharf W1 being approximately 594' in length, while Wharf W2 is approximately 550' and Wharf W3 runs an additional 451' along the ocean, for a combined length of 1,595'. The wharfs 1O" thick reinforced concrete deck slabs are supported by rows of 18" square concrete piles set approximately 11' on center to form one hundred forty five bays across the front elevation of the three wharfs. For Wharf W-1 a row of four piles, running perpendicular to the shore, demarcates each of its bays with the pile furthest from the shore set 4'-9" from the edge of the wharf. The second pile in the row is placed 8'-5" behind the first, and the third pile is set approximately 10'-2" on center from the second pile, while the final pile is similarly spaced from the third. The last pile is spaced approximately 3'-6" on center from the bulk head. Wharf W2 has each bay demarcated by a row of three piles. The pile furthest from the shore set 7'-6" from the edge of the wharf. The middle pile is placed 6' behind the first, and the third pile is set approximately 11 '-9" on center from the second. The third pile is spaced approximately 1'-9" on center from the bulk head. Wharf W3 has each bay demarcated by a row of five piles. The pile furthest from the shore is set 4'-9" from the edge of the wharf. The second pile is placed 8'-5" behind the first, while the next three piles are spaced approximately 6'-9" on center from each other.