Australian Antarctic Treaty Inspections 2020 Australian Antarctic Treaty Inspections January/February 2020 1 Australian Antarctic Treaty Inspections 2020 Australian Antarctic Treaty Inspections January/February 2020 Report of Inspections under Article VII of the Antarctic Treaty and Article 14 of the Protocol on Environment Protection to the Antarctic Treaty Jang Bogo Station (Republic of Korea) Inexpressible Island facility (People’s Republic of China) Gondwana Station (Germany) Taishan Camp (People’s Republic of China) Molodezhnaya Station (Russian Federation) Mount Vechernyaya - Mountain Evening (Republic of Belarus) 2 Australian Antarctic Treaty Inspections 2020 Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 5 1.1. Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... 5 1.2. Background ...................................................................................................................... 6 1.3. Inspection team and itinerary ......................................................................................... 7 1.4. Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... 9 2. Jang Bogo Station, Republic of Korea: 5 January 2020 ....................................................... 10 2.1. Summary ........................................................................................................................ 10 2.2. General information ...................................................................................................... 11 2.3. Inspection visit ............................................................................................................... 11 2.4. Observations .................................................................................................................. 12 2.5. Environmental management......................................................................................... 17 2.6. Provision of the report to Korea for comment ............................................................ 21 3. Inexpressible Island facility, People’s Republic of China: 5 January 2020 ......................... 22 3.1. Summary ........................................................................................................................ 22 3.2. General Information ...................................................................................................... 22 3.3. Inspection visit ............................................................................................................... 23 3.4. Observations .................................................................................................................. 23 3.5. Provision of the report to China for comment ............................................................. 29 4. Gondwana Station, Germany: 7 January 2020 .................................................................... 30 4.1. Summary ........................................................................................................................ 30 4.2. General information ...................................................................................................... 30 4.3. Observations .................................................................................................................. 31 4.4. Provision of the report to Germany for comment ....................................................... 34 5. Taishan Camp, People’s Republic of China: 17 January 2020 ............................................ 35 5.1. Summary ........................................................................................................................ 35 5.2. General Information ...................................................................................................... 36 5.3. Inspection visit ............................................................................................................... 36 5.4. Observations .................................................................................................................. 36 5.5. Environmental management......................................................................................... 41 5.6. Provision of the report to China for comment ............................................................. 45 6. Molodezhnaya Station, Russian Federation: 25 January - 2 February 2020 ..................... 46 6.1. Summary ........................................................................................................................ 46 3 Australian Antarctic Treaty Inspections 2020 6.2. General information ...................................................................................................... 47 6.3. Inspection visit ............................................................................................................... 47 6.4. Observations .................................................................................................................. 48 6.5. Provision of the report to the Russian Federation for comment ................................ 59 7. Mount Vechernyaya (Mountain Evening) Station, Republic of Belarus: 27 Jan 2020....... 60 7.1. Summary ........................................................................................................................ 60 7.2. General information ...................................................................................................... 61 7.3. Inspection visit ............................................................................................................... 61 7.4. Observations .................................................................................................................. 61 7.5. Environmental management......................................................................................... 67 7.6. Provision of the report to Belarus for comment .......................................................... 72 4 Australian Antarctic Treaty Inspections 2020 1. Introduction 1.1. Executive Summary Between 5 January and 2 February 2020 a team of four Australian observers conducted inspections of six Antarctic stations, in accordance with the provisions of Article VII of the Antarctic Treaty (Treaty) and Article 14 of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (Protocol): Jang Bogo Station (Republic of Korea), 5 January 2020 Inexpressible Island facility (China), 5 January 2020 Gondwana Station (Germany), 7 January 2020 Taishan Camp (China), 17 January 2020 Molodezhnaya Station (Russian Federation), 25 January – 2 February 2020 Mountain Evening Station (Belarus), 27 January 2020 The inspections of Jang Bogo Station, Inexpressible Island facility, Taishan Camp, and Mountain Evening Station were the first inspections conducted of these facilities. The inspection of Molodezhnaya Station was the first on-ground inspection since 1983. The inspection team was warmly welcomed at all locations, and was provided with full access to all areas, and responses to all queries. All facilities and activities observed were in compliance with the provisions of the Treaty, including with respect to peaceful use and non- militarisation. In conducting the inspections the observer team was guided in part by the inspection checklists adopted under Resolution 3 (2010). Facilities and activities observed were in general compliance with the provisions of the Protocol, although some opportunities for improvements to operational practices were identified. The inspection team was pleased to observe innovative approaches to design, operations, efficiency and environmental performance. At Jang Bogo Station the inspection team noted the significant operational monitoring and automation technologies, use of renewable power generation, science support capabilities, and innovation and high standards in waste management. The construction and operation of the station, and mitigation measures for impacts identified in the environmental assessment process, adhere closely to the final CEE prepared by Korea. China’s Inexpressible Island facility, intended to support activities associated with the development of China’s planned year-round station, is compact and well fitted-out. The facility is still undergoing completion, with a number of systems yet to be installed and commissioned. The inspection team understands the current focus of effort to be on completing the existing temporary facility and gathering more detailed information to support decisions about the precise location of the planned year-round station buildings and associated infrastructure. 5 Australian Antarctic Treaty Inspections 2020 Gondwana Station has a small environmental footprint, and the buildings and associated infrastructure are in good condition. The station surrounds are free of modification, debris, spills, or other obvious impacts. Since the previous inspection (by Australia in 2011), the station has been modernised, with energy efficiency and renewable energy generation measures evident. The design of Taishan Camp and its support systems are innovative, and the camp has a small environmental footprint. The inspection team regarded the commitment to renewable energy and battery storage, and planned wastewater treatment systems, as particularly notable. When all planned systems and installations are