KEEPING STUDENTS WELL INFORMED AT HOME DURING SUMMER VACATION Exploring the realms of history, science, nature and technology ICE CREAM Ice cream is a familiar and delicious comfort food for many people, so it is not surprising that sales of ice cream and frozen novelties soared over the past year. This love of desserts may also be responsible for some of the pounds that many of us have put on. Making ice cream before refrigeration When salt is added to water, it lowers the mixture's freezing point, causing it to absorb more heat from its surroundings as it melts. Placing sweetened cream into a packed vessel of salty ice and churning the mixture was the way to make ice cream until 1913, when electric refrigeration for home use was invented, but some people still hand-churn ice cream today. Did you know? In 2020, U.S. retail sales of Any way ice cream were up 13.4% (to $6.8 billion). Frozen novelty Looking back you scoop it products were up 16% (to $5.8 A distant relative of ice cream, Ice cream is a deli- billion). a sweetened snow drink, has cious treat. Even On average, it takes about 50 been around since ancient people who are licks to finish a single-scoop times. lactose intolerant ice cream cone. We know that Alexander the can enjoy some Nancy Johnson In 1984, President Ronald Great and Nero Claudius version of frozen received the first Reagan declared July to be Caesar enjoyed snow and ice treat, such as plant- American patent for a National Ice Cream Month. based sherbet or hand-held ice cream Ice bucket Freezing can Dasher flavored with honey and nectar. with crank Biblical references suggest that an Italian ice. maker in 1843. She called About 50% of the volume in ice The dasher churns the mixture to prevent cream is air, which gives the King Solomon enjoyed iced it the artificial freezer. the formation of large ice crystals. drinks. dessert its light texture. In 1851, Jacob Fussell, a The first recorded example of Ice cream cones were Quaker from Pennsylvania, an iced-milk dish is from the invented at the 1904 World’s decided to expand his Chinese Tang dynasty. Fair in St. Louis, Missouri. business of delivering Folks in the U.S. consume According to legend, Marco dairy goods in Balti- an average of 5.5 gallons (44 Polo returned to Italy from more to making ice pints) per person per year. the Far East with a recipe for cream. He built the an early sherbet. Ice cream is world’s first commer- It takes 3 gallons of whole milk thought to have evolved from cial ice cream factory to make a gallon of ice cream. sherbet in the 16th century. in Seven Valleys, Vanilla is the most popular ice Thomas Jefferson had ice Make ice cream in a bag! Pennsylvania. cream flavor, then chocolate. houses at his home, Monticel- According to NASA, ice cream lo, and at the White House. If you don’t have an ice cream maker, this is a fun, easy and fast way to make ice is one of the foods astronauts cream with just five ingredients. When finished, you can add sprinkles or fruit! In the mid-1800s, a mechanical miss the most when in space. ice cream maker was devel- Ingredients: Half-and-half (whole milk will work, but the ice cream won’t be as In 2017, Italy produced 19% of oped, and soon ice cream was thick), salt (table salt will work, but chunkier is better), ice, vanilla and sugar. You will all ice cream made in Europe. available to the masses. also need one large and one smaller plastic bag, both with tight seals. A penny lick was a small glass Step 1: Fill the smaller bag about halfway for serving ice cream in the In a word with cream. 1890s and 1900s. Street ven- The term “ice cream” can mean Step 2: Add 1.5 teaspoons of vanilla dors would sell small amounts different things around the extract and 1 tablespoon of sugar. of ice cream for one penny. world. In North America, the Step 3: Squeeze air out and seal the bag The glass was then returned term “ice cream” (on a com- tightly. You don’t want salt to leak in. and reused. mercial level) is regulated by how much cream is in the fro- Step 4: Fill the larger bag about halfway zen treat. If there is not enough with ice. Add 1/4 cup of salt. cream in a product, it might be Step 5: Place small bag into larger bag called a “frozen dairy dessert” and top with more ice. Seal the large bag. instead of ice cream. Step 6: Wear oven mitts or gloves and shake for 6 or 7 minutes. Things become even more (This stuff gets really cold, and shaking is hard work.) confusing with the many kinds Step 7: Remove smaller bag and rinse well with cold water, including the seal area. of ice cream available: frozen Step 8: Carefully open bag, making sure not to let the ice and salt mixture get in. custard, frozen yogurt, sorbet Hand-cranked Electric and gelato, just to name a few. Step 8: The ice cream will be a little icy-looking at first. Use a spoon to mix it around ice cream ice cream maker and soften it up a bit. Scoop it out, sprinkle a favorite topping and enjoy! maker SOURCES: World Book Encyclopedia, World Book Inc.; https://www.britannica.com; https://www.idfa.org; https://www.dreamscoops.com; https://www.dairyfoods.com; https://www.icecream.com; https://www.benjerry.com; https://www.thebestideasforkids.com © 2021 Triefeldt Studios, Inc. 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