Native American Lands Huchiun Suisun Omiomi Ompin COAST Carquin Habasto Chupcan MIWOK Huchiun Huimen Sacian BAY Tatcan Huchiun MIWOK TOLOWA Ssoyen SHASTA MODOC PARK SITE Yelamu TODAY KAROK YUROK Seunen ACHUMAWI Irgin Causen WIYOT ATSUGEWI Ssalson WINTU Tuibun YANA Chiguan Lamchin ATHABASCAN MAIDU Alson NOMLAK Puichon Cotegen YUKI KONKOW OHLONE Olpen Tamien PATWIN NISENAN POMO WASHO COAST EASTERN MIWOK PARK SITE MIWOK TODAY OHLONE YOKUTS SALINAN SHOSHONEAN CHUMASH YUMAN Native Americans have lived on the California landscape at least 13,000 years. The Ohlone people arrived in the the Bay Area about 3,000 years ago, before 500 B.C.E.. During the last 250 years, other peoples have arrived from all over the world; the population on this land has increased by 2,000 times. Although few traces survive of most of the sovereign Native groups who once lived here, many Bay Area Native Americans are rediscovering and celebrating their history and traditions. Missions, Presidios, and Pueblos MISSION SAN RAFAEL LANDS OF MISSION DOLORES LANDS OF MISSION SAN JOSE RANCHO COAST SAN ANTONIO RANGE TOLOWA MOUNTAINS SHASTA MODOC PARK SITE Mission and Presidio TODAY KAROK of San Francisco, YUROK founded 1776 ACHUMAWI LANDS OF MISSION DOLORES WIYOT ATSUGEWI LANDS OF MISSION WINTU SAN JOSE YANA ATHABASCAN MAIDU Mission San Jose NOMLAK (in present-day Fremont), founded in 1797 YUKI KONKOW Mission of Santa Clara, 1777 and Pueblo of San José, founded 1777 PATWIN NISENAN POMO WASHO EASTERN PARK SITE MIWOK TODAY DISTRICT OF SAN San Francisco FRANCISCO (1776) San Jose Mission Santa Cruz founded in 1791 YOKUTS Monterey (1770) DISTRICT OF MONTEREYSALINAN SHOSHONEAN DISTRICT CHUMASHOF SANTA BARBARA Santa Barbara (1782) DISTRICT Los Angeles “. the call should be heeded of (1781) OF MISSIONS PUEBLOS PRESIDIOS SAN DIEGO so many thousands of pagans who YUMAN are waiting in California on the San Diego (1769) threshold of holy Baptism . .” JUNÍPERO SERRA, HEAD OF CALIFORNIA MIssIONS, 1767 “. at the appropriate time the natives could be taught Christianity, and reduced to obedience to my Royal officials . .” CARLOS III, KING OF SPAIN, 1770 Ranchos Olompali Petaluma Corte Madera de Novato Nicasio San Jose Cañ del San Hambre Los Geronimo Medanos Monte Cañ de Pinole las San Pedro del Herrera Juntas Diablo Tomales y Baulines Pt. Quentin San Cañada del (Phelps) Pablo El Sobrante Pinole Las Corte de Baulines Madera del Arroyo de las Presidio Acalanes Neuces y Bolbones Saucelito Laguna de los Palos Colorados San Antonio (Peraltas) TOLOWA SHASTA MODOC San PARK SITE Miguel San Ramon Laguna TODAY Rincon de San de la las Salinas KAROK Leandro San YUROK Merced Cañada de Lorenzo Santa Rita ACHUMAWI Guadalupe Valle de San Jose Buri Arroyo de la Alameda San Buri Pedro WIYOT ATSUGEWI Potrero San de las WINTU San Buenaventura Mateo Cerritos Corral de Tierra Quito YANA (Palomares) Corral Agua de Tierra Pulgas Caliente ATHABASCAN Primer Canõn MAIDU (Vasquez) Arroyo de NOMLAK Miramontes S. Francisquito San Tularcitos Francisquito Posolmi Arroyo Chico Cañada de Rincon de San Rincon Raymundo de las Milpitas Cañada Francisquito El Corte Esteros YUKI Verde San de Madera La Pastora de KONKOW Ulistac San San Francisco Purisima las Borregas Pueblo Fernandez Gregorio Gregorio Concepcion San Pueblo San Jose Yokaya Boga (Rodriguez) (Castro) Antonio Quito Santa Clara Honcut New Helvetia Sanel PATWIN Johnson’s Rancho NISENAN POMO Guenoc Canada de Capay German Del Paso San Juan Rio de los Americanos WASHO Cosumnes Arroyo Seco Ulpinos EASTERN PARK SITE Campo de los Frances MIWOK TODAY Stanislaus El Pescadero Arroyo Seco San Francisco El Pescadero Mariposas Rancho del Puerto Orestimba Ausaymos y San Felipe Panoche Aguilas YOKUTS Monterey Laguna de Tache San Lorenzo San Lorenzo Cholame SALINAN El Tejon Los Alamos y Agua Caliente Cuyama SHOSHONEAN La Liebre San Emidia CHUMASH Muscupiabe Santa Barbara San Bernadino Jurupa San Jacinto Santa Rosa Los Angeles Temecula Paula San Jose del Valle Santa Ysabel Valle de San Felipe Cuyamaca YUMAN San Diego Between Mexican independence in 1822 and the U.S.- Mexican War, 1846-1848, Mexico made over 800 land grants in California. Nearly all went to members of families who had come from New Spain or Mexico since 1775, rather than to Native peoples. On the ranchos, Native Americans worked for and with the new landowners. They formed the adobe bricks and built the houses; herded the cattlle and slaughtered them for the hide and tallow trade; tended the gardens, fields and orchards; cooked the food and cared for the children. Native Americans outnumbered the Spanish-speaking landowners on the ranchos by about twenty to one; the ranchos’ history is part of the heritage of California’s Native Peoples. Visit the alcoves on the adobe wall outside to learn about daily life on the Peralta rancho from both perspectives..