Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file Number 001-11138 FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) PENNSYLVANIA 25-1428528 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 601 PHILADELPHIA STREET 15701 INDIANA, PA (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (724) 349-7220 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registered COMMON STOCK, $1 PAR VALUE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x Note—Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from their obligations under those Sections. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this form 10-K. ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common stock, par value $1 per share, held by non-affiliates of the registrant (based upon the closing sale price on June 30, 2020) was approximately $799,866,969. The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $1.00 Par Value as of February 25, 2021, was 96,162,202. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the annual meeting of shareholders to be held April 23, 2021 are incorporated by reference into Part III. Table of Contents FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES FORM 10-K INDEX PART I PAGE ITEM 1. Business 5 ITEM 1A. Risk Factors 15 ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 23 ITEM 2. Properties 23 ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings 23 ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 23 Executive Officers of First Commonwealth Financial Corporation 24 PART II ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities 25 ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data 27 ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 28 ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 49 ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 50 ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 115 ITEM 9A. Controls and Procedures 115 ITEM 9B. Other Information 121 PART III ITEM 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 122 ITEM 11. Executive Compensation 122 ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 122 ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 123 ITEM 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services 123 PART IV ITEM 15. Exhibits, Financial Statements and Schedules 124 ITEM 16. Form 10-K Summary 125 Signatures 126 Table of Contents FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Certain statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are not statements of historical fact constitute forward- looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”), including statements regarding the potential effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations, notwithstanding that such statements are not specifically identified as such. In addition, certain statements may be contained in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in press releases, and in oral and written statements made by us or with our approval that are not statements of historical fact and constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Act. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) projections of revenues, expenses, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, the payment or nonpayment of dividends, capital structure and other financial items; (ii) statements of plans, objectives and expectations of First Commonwealth or its management or Board of Directors, including those relating to products, services or operations; (iii) statements of future economic performance; and (iv) statements of assumptions underlying such statements. Words such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could” or “may,” are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in such statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: • Local, regional, national and international economic conditions and the impact they may have on us and our customers and our assessment of that impact. • Volatility and disruption in national and international financial markets. • Government intervention in the U.S. financial system. • Changes in the mix of loan geographies, sectors and types or the level of non-performing assets and charge-offs. • Changes in estimates of future reserve requirements based upon the periodic review thereof under relevant regulatory and accounting requirements. • The effects of and changes in trade and monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve Board. • Inflation, interest rate, securities market and monetary fluctuations. • The effect of changes in laws and regulations (including laws and regulations concerning taxes, banking, securities and insurance) with which we and our subsidiaries must comply. • The soundness of other financial institutions. • Political instability. • Impairment of our goodwill or other intangible assets. • Acts of God or of war or terrorism. • The timely development and acceptance of new products and services and perceived overall value of these products and services by users. • Changes in consumer spending, borrowings and savings habits. • Changes in the financial performance and/or condition of our borrowers. • Technological changes. • The cost and effects of cyber incidents or other failures, interruption or security breaches of our systems or those of third- party providers. • Acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses. • Our ability to increase market share and control expenses. • Our ability to attract and retain qualified employees. • Changes in the competitive environment in our markets and among banking organizations and other financial service providers. • The effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies, as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and other accounting standard setters. • Changes in the reliability of our vendors, internal control systems or information systems. • Changes in our liquidity position. • Changes in our organization, compensation and benefit plans. • The impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and any other pandemic, epidemic or health-related crisis. • The costs and effects of legal and regulatory developments, the resolution