GUATEMALA November 2016 Livelihood zones and descriptions NATIONAL LIVELHOOD ZONE MAP FOR GUATEMALA FEWS NET Washington FEWS NET is a USAID-funded activity. The content of this report does not necessarily reflect the view of the United States Agency for Interntional [email protected] Development or the United States government. www.fews.net GUATEMALA Livelihood Descriptions November 2016 Table of contents Table of contents ................................................................................................................................. ii Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................. iii Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................. vi Preface ................................................................................................................................................ vii 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 9 1.1 Brief overview of HEA and FEWS NET’s Livelihood Zoning and Profiling....................................... 9 1.2 Livelihood zone profile outline .................................................................................................... 11 1.3 Application of livelihood zone maps and profiles for food security analysis ............................... 12 2. NATIONAL OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................... 14 2.1 National summary ........................................................................................................................ 14 2.2 National livelihood zones map ..................................................................................................... 18 2.3 Summary of livelihood zones ....................................................................................................... 19 2.4 Summary of food and income sources by livelihood zone .......................................................... 24 3. LIVELIHOOD ZONE PROFILES ........................................................................................... 30 North Petén Forestry and Eco-Tourism (Zone GT01) ........................................................................ 30 Central Petén Staple Foods and Cattle Farming Labor (Zone GT02) ................................................. 39 South Petén, FTN and Izabal Agro-industry and Food Crops (Zone GT03) ........................................ 48 Caribbean Artisanal Fishing and Tourism (Zone GT04) ...................................................................... 57 Coffee, Cardamom, Forestry and Vegetable Production (Zone GT05) .............................................. 67 Western Highlands Labor, Staple Crops, Vegetable, Trade and Remittances (Zone GT06) .............. 74 Baja Verapaz and Quiche Staple Food and Agricultural Labor (Zone GT07) ...................................... 85 Motagua Valley, Fruit Agri-business Labor and Mining Labor (Zone GT08) ...................................... 95 Industrial, Agri-business Labor, Commerce and Services of the Central Area (Zone GT09) ............ 104 Eastern Subsistence Food Crops and Agricultural Labor (Coffee, Fruit and Vegetables) (Zone GT10) ......................................................................................................................................................... 114 Coffee Production (Zone GT11) ....................................................................................................... 122 Southern Agricultural Industry Labor and Food Crops and Milk (Zone GT12)................................. 133 Pacific Ocean Artisanal Fishing, Trade and Services ........................................................................ 143 Famine Early Warning Systems Network ii GUATEMALA Livelihood Descriptions November 2016 Acknowledgements Acción Contra el Hambre (ACF) ACOLOP ADESI ADIMAN ADIPAZ ADN TRAN Agricultor Amigos de Santa Cruz Panajachel Santa Cruz AMSA AMUJEDIMI APACH APUS Asaciación Maya Motzajixoqi ASDECOHUE Asociación Ganaderos de Izabal Asociación ACORDI Asociación de Chateras Puerto Barrios Asociación de Organización Cuchumatanes Asociación de Pescadores de Champerico, Retalhuleu Asociacion de pescadores Escuitla Asociación Lancheros para el Turismo de Pajapita, San Marcos Asociación Nacional de Café Asoparma Cámara de Comercio Cámara de Turismo (CAMTUR) CARDEGUA Centro Universitario de Nor Occidente (CUNOROC) USAC Centro Universitario de Oriente (CUNORI) USAC Centro Universitario de San Marcos (CUSAM) USAC CODESE Comité de Autogestión Turística de Chiquimulilla, Santa Rosa Comité Nacional de Alfabetización (CONALFA) Comités Comunitarios de Desarrollo (COCODE) Consejo Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (CONAP) Consejo Regional de Desarrollo Urbano Rural Cooperación Internacional Italiana (COOPI) Cooperativa Agrícola Santa Fe Cooperativa de Pescadores de Las Lisas Cooperativa Rafaeleña Coordinadores de Centros de Aprendizaje para el Desarrollo Rural (CADER) del MAGA COPREDEH Coredur Nororienic Dirección del Área de Salud de Puerto Barrios, Izabal Famine Early Warning Systems Network iii GUATEMALA Livelihood Descriptions November 2016 Fedecoxe R.A Fontierras Fundación Hanns R. Neumann Fundazúcar Gobernación Departamental Salamá, Baja Verapaz Hospital Fray Bartalome de las casas Alta Verapaz Ideas para Guatemala - Plan Internacional Incide Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología (ICTA) Fray Alta Verapaz Instituto de Fomento Municipal (INFOM) Instituto Guatemalteco de Turismo (INGUAT) Instituto Nacional de Bosques (INAB) Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) Mancomunidad Copán-Chortí Mancomunidad El Pacífico, Jutiapa Mancomunidad Gran Ciudad del Sur, departamento de Guatemala Mesa de Mangle Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Alimentación (MAGA) Ministerio de Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (MARN) Ministerio de Comunicaciones, Vivienda e Infraestructura (MCVI) Ministerio de Desarrollo Social (MIDES) Ministerio de Educación (MINEDUC) Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social (MSPAS) Ministerio de Trabajo (MINTRAB) MOSCAMED Municipalidad de Acatenango Municipalidad de Acotenango Municipalidad de Chiquimula Municipalidad de Ixcán Municipalidad de Mixco Municipalidad de Ocós Municipalidad de Pajapita Municipalidad de Pasaco Municipalidad de Puerto San José Municipalidad de Purulhá, Baja Verapaz Municipalidad de Salama Municipalidad de San Miguel Ixtahuacán Municipalidad de Sibinal Municipalidad de Villa Canales Municipalidad de Villa Nueva Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO) Pastor Evangélico Pajapita, San Marcos Pastoral Social Cáritas PCI/Paisano Productores de la zona Huista Programa Mundial de Alimentos (PMA) Famine Early Warning Systems Network iv GUATEMALA Livelihood Descriptions November 2016 Registro Nacional de las Personas (RENAP) Save the Children Secretaría de Planificación y Programación de la Presidencia (SEGEPLAN) Secretaría de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional (SESAN) Secretaría Ejecutiva de la Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (SE-CONRED) Secretaria Presidencial de la Mujer (SEPREM) Sexta Brigada de Infantería, Fray Bartolomé de las Casa, Alta Verapaz Trigoh UGAM Famine Early Warning Systems Network v GUATEMALA Livelihood Descriptions November 2016 Acronyms ACF Accion Contre la Faim (Action Against Hunger) COOPI Cooperazione Internazionale FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FEG Food Economy Group FEWS NET Famine Early Warning Systems Network GT01 Guatemala livelihood zone 01 (zoning code) GTQ Guatemalan Quetzal ha hectares HEA Household Economy Analysis km kilometer km2 square kilometer NGO Non-governmental organization NTS Northern Transversal Strip (Franja Transversal del Norte) masl meters above sea level mm millimeters mz manzanas (unit of measure equal to 0.7 ha) SESAN Food and Nutritional Security Secretariat USAID United States Agency for International Development WFP United Nations World Food Program Famine Early Warning Systems Network vi GUATEMALA Livelihood Descriptions November 2016 Preface This Livelihood Profiles document aims to describe how rural populations live in different areas of Guatemala. A livelihood refers to the ways people obtain access to the things they need to survive and prosper, with a particular focus on food, income and basic goods and service. The options available to households living in different regions vary. Understanding of how people usually make ends meet is essential for assessing how livelihoods will be affected by acute or medium term economic or ecological change and for planning interventions that will support, rather than undermine, their existing survival strategies. Two main outputs are presented in this report in an effort to increase our understanding of rural livelihoods across the country: i) the national livelihood zones map for Guatemala, which shows a number of defined areas within which people share broadly the same patterns of livelihood and serves as livelihoods-based sampling frame for further fieldwork and analysis, and ii) the livelihood zone profiles, which describe the main characteristics of each zone, including a brief differentiation of the food security status of different socioeconomic groups. In 2007, the Food and Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET), in partnership with the Food