15th International Conference Water in Antiquity Cura Aquarum in Israel 14-20 October 2012 Preface 15th International Conference ate r W in A n t i q u i t y Cura Aquarum in Israel 14-20 October 2012 Thanks are due to Prof. Ronny Reich, Prof. Henning Fahlbusch, Yehuda Peleg and Miriam Webber who read this booklet and added important comments. Photos: Cover – Doron Horovitz, all the others – Tsvika Tsuk PrefacePreface We take great pride in hosting the conference on Water in Antiquity Cura Aquarum in Israel for the third time. The first conference in Israel (CA 5) was initiated by Mr. Yehuda Peleg and organized in 1983 by the late Prof. Ehud Netzer together with Prof. Henning Fahlbusch on behalf of Prof. Garbrecht, under the auspices of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and financed by the county of Niedersachsen. This conference led to a joint project on the ancient water systems to the Hashmonain and Herodian palaces near Jericho between the Hebrew University and the Leichtweiss-Institute for Water Research of the Technical University Braunschweig. Later on there were another two joint initiatives. The first one was on the aqueducts to Sussita between Tel Aviv University and the Fachhochschule of Luebeck. This project was financed by the German Israeli Foundation. The second one was on the aqueducts to Beit Shean between the Hebrew university and again the Fachhochschule of Luebeck. This project was financed by the German Research Foundation. The second conference (CA 11), which took place in 2001, was organized by Dr. Tsvika Tsuk, Mr. Yehuda Peleg, Dr. Zeev Meshel and Dr. Yosef Porath together with Prof. Fahlbusch, under the auspices of the Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Tel Aviv University, the Israel Antiquities Authority and the German Water History Association (DWhG). 32 visitors from abroad participated in this conference and about 50 Israelis. One of the best things about these conferences was that they lasted for seven days and differed from the other conferences in that the focus was on the excursions. In this conference (CA 15), we will follow the same format. The conference consists of one and a half lecture days and five and a half touring days. We decided to include very famous sites, some of which were visited in the previous conferences, but they have since been developed and new areas have been opened there. We wish to thank all the participants in this conference and hope you will reap full enjoyment and success. The Organizing Committee: ■ Prof. Henning Fahlbusch - DWhG ■ Dr. Tsvika Tsuk - INPA ■ Prof. Jim Parker - NOBTS ■ Prof. Ronny Reich - UoH ■ Dr. David Amit - IAA ■ Mr. Shimon Tal - TCCE ■ Ms. Bella Dax - INPA ■ Ms. Sylvie Witenberg - INPA ■ Mr. Eli Dror - INPA ■ Mr. Hillel Glassman - INPA 3 Pre-conference tour – Jerusalem: the city A that is holy to 3 religions ADay 1 Sunday October 14, 2012 (from Neve Ilan Hotel and return) Responsible persons: 08:00 – 08:45 Drive to the old city of Jerusalem Bus no. 1 – Eli Dror and Sylvie 08:45 – 12:30 Visit the Temple Mount, Western Wall and Witenberg Holy Sepulcher Bus no. 2 – Hillel Glassman 12:30 – 13:45 Lunch break in the old city (not included) and Bella Dax 13:45 – 16:00 Visit the Mount of Olives and Gethsemane 16:00 – 16:30 Drive to Rockefeller Museum, the main office of the Guides: Dieter Vieweger (in Israel Antiquities Authority German) and Eyal Meiron (in 16:30 – 17:00 Short visit at the museum English) 17:00 – 18:00 Reception near the inner pool of the museum, organized by IAA Greetings: Mr. Shuka Dorfman General director of the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) Mr. Shaul Goldstein General director of the Israel Nature and Parks Authority (INPA) Prof. Henning Fahlbusch Vice chairman of the German Water History Association (DWhG) Prof. Jim Parker Vice president of the New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminars (NOBTS) 18:00 – 18:45 Drive to the hotel 19:45 Dinner at the hotel in Neve Ilan 5 List of lectures during Cura Aquarum in Israel B 15-16/10/2012 BDay 2 Monday October 15, 2012 (Neve Ilan Hotel) 08:00 – 08:30 Registration 08:30 – 09:00 Greetings: Mr. Shaul Goldstein, general director of the Israel Nature and Parks Authority (INPA) Prof. Henning Fahlbusch, vice chairman of the German Water History Association (DWhG) Prof. Ronny Reich, Institute of Archaeology, University of Haifa Dr. Tsvika Tsuk, chief archaeologist, Israel Nature and Parks Authority (INPA) Session A ■ 09:00 – 10:30 1. Is There Light at the End of the Tunnel? The Gezer Water System Ancient water systems Project – Dan Warner, Tsvika Tsuk, Jim Parker and Dennis Cole in Israel 1 2. A New Assessment of the Upper Aqueduct to Jerusalem: its Date and Route – David Amit and Shimon Gibson Chairperson Jim Parker 3. Dating and engineering of Siloam Tunnel, Jerusalem – Amos Frumkin and Aryeh Shimron Coffee break 10:30 – 11:00 Session B ■ 11:00 – 12:50 4. The Inverted Siphon Pipelines to Tel Bet Yerah / es-Sinnabris – Ancient water systems Yardenna Alexandre in Israel 2 5. The “’Otzar” in Ancient Ritual Baths: Second Temple Period Innovation or Anachronistic Interpretation? – Yonatan Adler Chairperson Dennis Cole 6. When were the Qanat Systems introduced to the Holy Land? – Yosef Porath 7. The Early Islamic aqueducts to Ramla and Hebron – Amir Gorzalczany and David Amit Lunch break 12:50 – 14:15 Session C ■ 14:15 – 15:15 8. Touring Israel’s ancient water systems – Tsvika Tsuk Ancient and modern water 9. Water in Israel and in the Middle East – past, present and future – systems in Israel 3 Shimon Tal Chairperson Ronny Reich Coffee break 15:15 – 15:35 Session D ■ 15:35 – 17:00 10. Grundwassernutzung in der hethitischen Hauptstadt Hattusa um 1600 Turkey 1 v. Chr. – Hartmut Wittenberg 11. Ancient Water Systems of the Lamas Çayi and the surrounding Chairperson Werner Eck hinterland – Dennis Murphy 12. Die Datierung der römischen Kaikos- und Madradag-Kanalleitungen in Pergamon – Henning Fahlbusch Coffee break 17:00 – 17:20 6 Session E ■ 17:20 – 18:50 13. Das städtische Abwassersystem von Pergamon - seine Entwicklung Turkey 2 in hellenistischer und römischer Zeit – Kai Wellbrock 14. The aqueducts and water supply of Tralleis – Eddie Owens Chairperson Henning 15. Antike Wasserbauten von Antiochia (Tuerkei) – Mathias Döring Fahlbusch 19:30 Dinner at the hotel Day 3 Tuesday October 16, 2012 (Neve Ilan hotel) Session F ■ 08:30 – 09:30 16. Das Heer und die Infrastruktur von Städten in der römischen The Military Kaiserzeit – Werner Eck 17. Water as weapon and military target in Ancient Mesopotamian Chairperson Mathias Döring warfare – Ariel Bagg Coffee break 09:30 – 09:50 Session G ■ 09:50 – 11:20 18. Ground water use and understanding in ancient times: lessons for Groundwater and Roman today and tomorrow – Michael Knight Aqueducts 19. Sinter deposits in Roman aqueducts – Gül Sürmelihindi and Cees Passchier Chairperson Eli Dror 20. The Atlas Project of Roman Aqueducts (ROMAQ) – Cees Passchier, and Gül Sürmelihindi Coffee break 11:20 – 11:50 Session H ■ 11:50 – 13:15 21. The role of water in ancient sanctuaries. The Sanctuary of Greece and Spain – Amphiaraos – Anna Androvitsanea sanctuaries, mills and 22. When Ceres commands her nymphs – An investigation of the relation aqueducts between mills and aqueducts in the antique Mediterranean – Stefanie Preißler Chairperson Dennis Murphy 23. The Glass kiln (Horno de Vidrio), a drop tower in the water supply to the city of Toledo (Spain) during the Roman era – Marisa Barahona Lunch break 13:15 – 14:30 14:30 Departure to Yad Vashem (from Neve Ilan Hotel to Jerusalem and return) 16:30 Departure to Israel Museum to visit the archeological section in Guiding groups Dan Warner, Dudi Mevorach and Tsvika Tsuk) 20:00 Dinner at the hotel 7 The excursions during Cura Aquarum in Israel C 17-20/10/2012 Day 4 Wednesday October 17, 2012 (from Neve Ilan to Masada, Jerusalem and return) CGuides: Uzi Dahari, Tsvika 08:00 – 09:45 Drive to Masada Tsuk, Ronny Reich and 09:45 – 12:00 Visit the site of Masada Eli Shukrun 12:00 – 13:00 Visit the new museum 13:00 – 14:00 Lunch at Masada (not included) 14:00 – 15:30 Drive from Masada to Jerusalem 15:30 – 17:30 Jerusalem: ancient water systems including the old drainage channel 17:30 – 18:15 Drive to the hotel 19:30 Dinner at the hotel Day 5 Thursday October 18, 2012 (from Neve Ilan to Ramla, Gezer Eshkol and Acre) (Check out) Bus no. 1 Guides: Dan Warner, Amir 08:00 – 08:30 Drive to Ramla Gorzalczany, Tsvika Tsuk and 08:30 – 11:00 Visit Ramla and Gezer local guides at Eshkol site 11:00 – 12:30 Drive to Alonim 12:30 – 13:30 Lunch at Alonim (not included) 13:30 – 14:00 Drive to Eshkol site 14:00 – 16:00 Visit Eshkol visitors’ center 16:00 – 17:00 Drive to Acre Bus no. 2 08:00 – 08:30 Drive to Gezer 08:30 – 11:00 Visit Gezer and Ramla 11:00 – 12:30 Drive to Ein Hamifratz 12:30 – 13:30 Lunch at Ein Hamifratz (not included) 13:30 – 14:00 Drive to Naharia 14:00 – 17:00 Visit Acre’s aqueduct, including the old city 19:00 Dinner and Overnight at Palm Beach Hotel, Acre 8 Day 6 Friday October 19, 2012 (from Acre to Tel Aviv) (Check out) Bus no.1 Guides: Tsvika Tsuk, Dror 08:00 – 10:30 Visit Acre’s aqueduct, including the old city Ben-Yosef and local guides at 10:30 – 11:30 Drive to Sepphoris Eshkol site Bus no. 2 08:00 – 09:00 Drive to Eshkol site 09:00 – 11:00 Visit Eshkol site 11:00 – 11:30 Drive to Sepphoris both buses 11:30 – 13:30 Visit Sepphoris 13:30 – 14:00 Lunch (not included) 14:00 – 14:45 Drive to Megiddo 14:45 – 16:15 Visit Megiddo 16:15 – 17:30 Drive to Metropolitan Hotel, Tel Aviv 19:30 Dinner and Overnight at Metropolitan Hotel, Tel Aviv Day 7 Saturday October 20, 2012 (from Tel Aviv to Caesarea and return) Guides: Yosef Porath, 08:00 – 09:00 Drive to Mei Kedem Yeshu Dray and Tsvika Tsuk 09:00 – 11:00 Visit Mei Kedem 11:00 – 11:30 Drive to Beit Hanania 11:00 – 12:00 Visit Beit Hanania 12:00 – 13:30 Visit Nahal Ha'Taninim Dam 13:30 – 14:00 Lunch (not included) 14:00 – 15:30 Visit Caesarea Aqueduct 15:30 – 16:30 Drive to Tel Aviv 16:30 – 19:00 Free time in Tel Aviv 19:00 – 22:00 Farewell Dinner at the Hotel 9 List of the conferences 1.