Some Important Dates 1420 22 May Treaty of Troyes, followed (2 June) by Henry V's marriage to Katherine of Valois 1421 6 December Henry VI born 1422 31 August Henry V died 21 October Charles VI of France died; accession of Charles VII 5 December Bedford and Gloucester appointed protector and defender of England, followed (9 December) by formal appointment of councillors 1423 17 April Treaty of Amiens between England, Brittany, and Burgundy 31 July Anglo-Burgundian victory at Cravant 1424 17 August English victory at Verneuil 16 October Gloucester left for his campaign in the Low Countries 1425 30 October Riots in London against Bishop Beaufort 1426 12 March Reconciliation of Beaufort and Gloucester 1427 25 March Beaufort made cardinal 5 September French victory at Montargis 1428 7 October English siege of Orléans began, during which Salisbury was killed (3 November) 1429 23 February Joan of Arc met Charles VII at Chinon 8 May English siege of Orléans abandoned 18 June French victory at Patay 17 July Charles VII crowned at Reims 6 November Henry VI crowned at Westminster, followed by ending of the protectorate (15 November) 1430 23 April Henry VI left for France 23 May Joan of Arc captured 1431 17 May Gloucester suppressed lollard rising 30 May Joan of Arc burned 16 December Henry VI crowned in Paris 1432 29 January Henry VI returned to England 1435 5 August Congress of Arras began, followed by Franco- Burgundian treaty (21 September) xxi The Reign of King Henry VI 15 September Bedford died 28 October French captured Dieppe 1436 13 April French captured Pontoise, followed (17 April) by fall of Paris 28 July Henry VI first showed personal initiative in politics 30 July Burgundian siege of Calais abandoned 15 August Scottish siege of Roxburgh abandoned 1437 3 January Queen Katherine died 21 February James I of Scotland murdered 12 November Formal re-establishment of personal rule 1439 30 April Warwick died at Rouen July-Septem- Anglo-French conference at Oye ber 28 September English truce with Burgundy 1440 2 July Release of duke of Orléans agreed 12 September Henry VI founded Eton College 1441 12 February Henry VI founded King's College, Cambridge 19 September French take Pontoise 23 October Eleanor Cobham condemned 1443 30 March Somerset appointed captain-general of France and Gascony 12 April Archbishop Chichele died 1444 24 May Henry VI and Margaret of Anjou betrothed, followed (28 May) by truce of Tours 1445 19 April Margaret of Anjou arrived in England, followed (23 April) by marriage 22 December Undertaking to surrender Maine to the French 1447 23 February Gloucester died 11 April Beaufort died 9 December York appointed lieutenant of Ireland 1448 16 March English surrendered Le Mans 1449 24 March English attacked Fougères 29 October English surrendered Rouen 1450 9 January Bishop Moleyns murdered 26 January Suffolk's impeachment began, followed (31 January) by resignation of chancellor, Archbishop Stafford 15 April French victory at Formigny 2 May Suffolk murdered June-July Cade's rebellion, followed (12 July) by Cade's death 12 August French captured Cherbourg c. 8 September York returned from Ireland 1451 12 June French captured Bordeaux, followed (12 August) by surrender of Bayonne XXII Some Important Dates 1452 2 March York submitted at Dartford 23 October English recovered Bordeaux 1453 17 July French victory at Castillon; Shrewsbury killed c. 1 August Henry VI collapsed 24 August Percy-Neville clash at Heworth 13 October Prince Edward born 1454 22 March Cardinal Kemp died 27 March York appointed protector and defender of England, followed (2 April) by Salisbury's appointment as chancellor 11 October/ Percy-Neville clash at Stamford Bridge 1 November 1454 c. 25 Decem- Henry VI recovered ber 1455 22 May First battle of St Albans; Somerset and Northumberland killed 19 November York appointed protector and defender of England 1456 25 February York resigned as protector and defender late August Court travelled to Coventry and the midlands 1457 28 August French attacked Sandwich 4 December Public recantation of Bishop Pecock 1458 25 March Reconciliation of the English nobility 1459 23 September Battle of Blore Heath 12 October Battle of Ludford Bridge 20 November Parliament opened at Coventry 1460 26 June Yorkists landed in England 10 July Battle of Northampton; Buckingham and Shrewsbury killed 3 August James II of Scotland died September York returned from Ireland 31 October York acknowledged as heir to the throne 30 December Battle of Wakefield; York, Salisbury, and Rutland killed 1461 2/3 February Battle of Mortimer's Cross 17 February Second battle of St Albans 4 March Edward IV assumes the crown 29 March Battle of Towton; Northumberland killed 28 June Edward IV crowned 22 July Charles VII of France died; accession of Louis XI XXIII .