A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS IN GRISHAM’S “A PAINTED HOUSE” BUDI PRAYOGI 103026027617 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY JAKARTA SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY 2008 A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS IN GRISHAM’S “A PAINTED HOUSE” A Thesis Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Strata Degree (S1) BUDI PRAYOGI 103026027617 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY JAKARTA SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY 2008 For the women, Marlis Nawawi, Farida Arbani, and Yosi Maria with respect and full perpetuation APPROVEMENT A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS IN GRISHAM’S “A PAINTED HOUSE” A Thesis Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Strata 1 Degree (S1) By Budi Prayogi 103026027617 Approved by: Muhammad Supardi Supervisor ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY JAKARTA SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY i 2008 ii LEGALIZATION The thesis entitled “A Sociological Analysis in Grisham’s A Painted House” has been defended by the Letters and Humanities Faculty’s Examination Committee on January 21, 2008. It has already been accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Strata 1 Degree (S1) in English Letters Department. Jakarta, January 2008 Budi Prayogi Examination Committee Chief Secretary Dr. H. Muhammad Farkhan, M. Pd Drs. Asep Saefuddin, M. Pd NIP. 150 299 480 NIP. 150 261 902 Members, Examiner I Examiner II Elve Oktaviani, M. Hum Inayatul Chusna, M. Hum NIP. 150 137 725 NIP. 150 331 233 iii DECLARATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgement has been made in the text. Jakarta, January 2008 Budi Prayogi iv ABSTRACT Budi Prayogi, A Sociological Analysis in Grisham’s “A Painted House”. Thesis. Jakarta: Strata 1 Degree (S1), Jakarta Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, January 2008. This research discusses John Grisham’s novel entitled “A Painted House”, focusing on analyzing the sociological aspects such as: social, culture and economy of rural Arkansas in the Grisham’s novel. The objective of this research is to know the social life in rural Arkansas and its reflection in the USA of the twentieth century. This research uses qualitative method and followed by sociological analysis and mimetic theory by Hungarian philosopher, Georg Lukacs. The researcher uses himself to analyze the social life of rural Arkansas in the novel and find other resources to complete the research references. And the unit analysis of this research is the novel entitled “A Painted House” by John Grisham. In this novel, Grisham attempts to present the sociological aspects that can be seen from the story. The life phenomena in Grisham’s “A Painted House” brings the readers along to know the rural American life in 1950. The cultural life of that society is seemed from their occupation as the farmers, who work in the field almost every day. And for the economy, the people apply the crop-lien and sharecropping systems for the farmers. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS In the name of God, the Infinitely Good, the All-Merciful First of all the writer would like to thank to Allah SWT, the Lord of the universe, and who has created heavens and earth, and who has created mankind and all that we perceive. Peace and blessing be upon to the prophet Muhammad SAW, his fellows and followers. Second, the writer would like to express his gratitude to Hj. Farida and H. Arbani, thanks for the useful advice and the financial support, he also thanks to his grandmother Marlis Nawawi for the prayer and hope. And the unforgettable thanks to his beloved mom and dad; Yosi Maria and Dedy Suryono for all the contribution that he needs until the end of his study in this university. The writer thanks to his young sister and brother, Citra and Gilang who have supported him in finishing this thesis. Next, the writer would like to thank to his supervisor Mr. Supardi, S.S for the great patient and contribution to finish this thesis, and for all his advices that has been given to him. May Allah responses his deeds with thousands kindnesses. Consequently, the writer also thanks to these following people: 1. Dr. H. Abdul Chair, MA, the Dean of Letters and Humanities Faculty Jakarta Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University. 2. Dr. H. Muhammad Farkhan, M. Pd and Drs. Asep Saepudin, M. Pd, the Chief and Secretary of English Letters Department. 3. Elve Oktaviani, M. Hum and Inayatul Chusna, M. Hum, the examiners of his final examination. 4. All the lecturers of English Letters Department, who has taught and educated him during he studies at the campus. 5. All the employers of UIN Jakarta Center Library, UIN Jakarta American Corner Library, FAH UIN Library, FIB UI Library, Freedom Institute Library, Senayan Depdiknas Library, who help him to get many extraordinary references to finish this thesis. vi 6. All his friends at the campus; Agung, Fachri, Faisal, Imam and Dede (Geng Kost-an). Rafi, Mate, Burhan, Roni, Husni, Acu, Azra (HMI Insan Cita Assembly Hall), Endra (MIOS), Alloyz BP, Achep, Ulfa, Yuyun, and Yuni. The “girls” who ever supported him; Diah, Widi, Abel, Siti, Fitria, Hannum, and Salamah. And for all the families, at Munjul; H. Kiswo and Hj. Surtinah, at Tangerang; H. Ridun and Hj. Anwani, and Teh Lala. May Allah blesses and gives the greatest award for them. Jakarta, January 2008 The Writer vii TABLE OF CONTENTS APPROVEMENT ...................................................................................... i LEGALIZATION ...................................................................................... ii DECLARATION ....................................................................................... iii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS........................................................................ v TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................ vii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 1 A. Background of the Research ............................................................. 1 B. Focus of the Research ....................................................................... 5 C. Questions of the Research ................................................................ 5 D. Objective of the Research ................................................................. 5 E. Significance of the Research ............................................................. 6 F. Method of the Research .................................................................... 6 1. Research Methodology ................................................................. 6 2. Research Instrument ..................................................................... 6 3. Data Analysis ............................................................................... 6 4. Unit Analysis ................................................................................ 7 5. Research Time and Place .............................................................. 7 CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK .................................. 8 A. Literature and Reflection of Life ........................................................ 8 B. Sociological Analysis ........................................................................ 10 47 1. Social ........................................................................................... 14 2. Culture ......................................................................................... 16 3. Economy ...................................................................................... 18 CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDINGS ................................................. 20 A. Data Description ............................................................................... 20 B. Data Analysis ................................................................................... 25 CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................ 44 A. Conclusion ....................................................................................... 44 B. Suggestion ........................................................................................ 46 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................... 47 APPENDIXES ............................................................................................ 50 48 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION G. Background of the Research Since the beginning of time, men and women have been social creatures; therefore, human beings are social animals who live together in groups. This behavior is not usual from other animals, but what does distinguish man is the physical endowment of a complex brain. This has allowed him to create a system of symbols that is used by him to construct various social structures for the purpose of survival.1 And human has a social heritage that becomes part of culture, which emerges from soul to embody in the way of life, such as art, religion, literature and so forth. The role of social heritage in human life seems to be important to the progress of culture. Such