Ironbark Heritage Study 2010 Volume One July 2010 Amanda Jean Mandy Jean Architect and Heritage Consultant 2 CONTENTS The Ironbark Heritage Study EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................6 Background................................................................................................................6 The Heritage Study an Overview...............................................................................7 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................13 Purpose.....................................................................................................................13 Study Area ...............................................................................................................14 Previous Studies - Background................................................................................16 The Current Ironbark Heritage Study ......................................................................19 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ...................................................................21 Preliminary Research...............................................................................................23 Establishing a Thematic Framework .......................................................................24 Fieldwork .................................................................................................................26 Public Consultation..................................................................................................27 Establishing a Threshold of Significance ................................................................27 Hermes Database .....................................................................................................29 Review of Planning Controls and Policy.................................................................30 REVIEW OF THE THEMATIC HISTORY ..........................................................31 Summary of Existing Thematic History ..................................................................31 Analysis of Existing Thematic History....................................................................32 THEMATIC HISTORY............................................................................................34 Shaping Victoria’s Environment..............................................................................34 Peopling Victoria’s Places and Landscapes.............................................................39 Governing the People...............................................................................................42 Building Victoria’s Industries..................................................................................51 Building Towns, Cities and the Garden State..........................................................56 Building Communities and Cultural Life ................................................................59 KEY FINDINGS ........................................................................................................62 Levels of Significance: Heritage places and precincts ............................................63 Comparative & Contextual Analysis .......................................................................65 Application of Planning Controls ............................................................................67 Places Requiring Further Assessment......................................................................67 RECOMMENDATIONS...........................................................................................68 Adoption of Study....................................................................................................68 Implementation of Study..........................................................................................68 Further work.............................................................................................................68 List of Appendices..................................................................................................70 Volume Two – Citations 3 List of Illustrations FIGURE 1 - IRONBARK HILL, MINER’S COTTAGES ......................................................................6 FIGURE 2 - FORMER MINE MANAGERS RESIDENCE, LONG GULLY ........................................8 FIGURE 3 - HOME DELIVERY GROCERY CART. ..........................................................................12 FIGURE 4 - 1920’S BUNGALOW AT 9 TRUSCOTT STREET, IRONBARK HILL.........................13 FIGURE 5 - IRONBARK TREES BANNERMAN STREET. ..............................................................18 FIGURE 6 - MINER’S COTTAGE, IRONBARK HILL......................................................................19 FIGURE 7 –MINER’S COTTAGE, WEST BENDIGO ........................................................................20 FIGURE 8 – QUART MINERS ARMS HOTEL AND LONG GULLY CASH STORE .................................20 FIGURE 9 –ABOVE RIGHT: VIEWS OF BENDIGO .........................................................................21 FIGURE 10 -INTER WAR BUNGALOW, IRONBARK .....................................................................21 FIGURE 11 –DOCUMENT STRUCTURE...........................................................................................22 FIGURE 12 - 2 QUICK STREET, IRONBARK ...................................................................................23 FIGURE 13 –IRONBARK SCHOOL....................................................................................................27 FIGURE 14 –LONG GULLY SCHOOL ...............................................................................................27 FIGURE 15 –IRONMONGER SHOP, IRONBARK.............................................................................27 FIGURE 16 - FORMER MINER’S RESIDENCE AT 2 THOMAS STREET, IRONBARK, 2009......30 FIGURE 17 - COTTAGE IN IRONBARK, 2010..................................................................................31 FIGURE 18 - MINER’S COTTAGE IN IRONBARK, 2010.................................................................34 FIGURE 19 - IRONBARK GULLY FROM ROAD TO BENDIGO ...................................................35 FIGURE 20 - ON BENDIGO CREEK...................................................................................................35 FIGURE 21 -PAINTING OF THE NEW CHUM LINE OF REEF......................................................36 FIGURE 22 - LINES OF REEF .............................................................................................................37 FIGURE 23 - GULLIES AND CREEKS...............................................................................................38 FIGURE 24 - THE FORMER HOME OF RICHARD POPE................................................................39 FIGURE 25 - CHINESE ON THEIR WAY TO THE DIGGINGS .......................................................42 FIGURE 26 - GOLD MINING LEASE DOCUMENT..........................................................................43 FIGURE 27 – MINE LEASE DOCUMENT..........................................................................................44 FIGURE 28 – CLAIMS AND LEASES ................................................................................................44 FIGURE 29 - MINERS AT CENTRAL NELL GWYNNE 1939..................................................................46 FIGURE 30 –KOCH’S PIONEER QUARTZ CRUSHING PLANT.....................................................48 FIGURE 31 –HENRY KOCH................................................................................................................48 FIGURE 32 - BENDIGO GOLDFIELD, MINE SHAFTS ....................................................................50 FIGURE 33 - WORKERS AT TAYLOR ENGINEERING WORKS, LONG GULLY........................51 FIGURE 34 - MINER’S AT WORK IN THE HERCULES ..................................................................52 FIGURE 35 - THE MINES ON GARDEN GULLY REEF...................................................................53 FIGURE 36 -180 POPPET HEAD ON THE LEFT LOOKING TOWARDS NEW CHUM HILL 1875............55 FIGURE 37 - MINER’S COTTAGES ...................................................................................................56 FIGURE 38 - THE WEARNE FAMILY OUTSIDE THEIR MINER’S COTTAGE............................57 FIGURE 39 - FOUR ROEDER STREET, IRONBARK 2010...............................................................58 FIGURE 40 - BENDIGO HOME FOR THE ADULT BLIND, LONG GULLY. .................................59 FIGURE 41 - FORMER LONG GULLY POLICE STATION..............................................................60 FIGURE 42 - COTTAGE IN IRONBARK............................................................................................62 FIGURE 43 - MINERS COTTAGES, NEW CHUM GULLY ..............................................................69 4 List of Tables and Maps TABLE 1 - HERITAGE COMMISSION CRITERIA WITH HERCON CRITERIA ...........................28 TABLE 2 - VICTORIAN THEMES & THE THEMES SET OUT IN THE EAGLEHAWK AND BENDIGO HERITAGE STUDY 1993. .......................................................................................31 TABLE 3 - NEW THEMES FOR THE STUDY AREA .......................................................................33 TABLE 4 – KEY FINDINGS ................................................................................................................62