Artisans Rule Artisans Rule: Product Standardization and Craft Specialization in Prehistoric Society Edited by Ina Miloglav and Jasna Vuković Artisans Rule: Product Standardization and Craft Specialization in Prehistoric Society Edited by Ina Miloglav and Jasna Vuković This book first published 2018 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2018 by Ina Miloglav, Jasna Vuković and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-0668-1 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-0668-8 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Illustrations .................................................................................... vii List of Tables ............................................................................................. xii Preface ...................................................................................................... xiv Introduction: Artisans, Technologies, and Consumers—A Political Economy Approach to Craft Specialization ................................................ 1 Timothy Earle Standardized Vessels and Number of Potters: Looking for Individual Production ................................................................................................. 20 Valentine Roux and Avshalom Karasik The Potter’s Craft in Moldavia, Romania: Ethnoarchaeological Research on Ceramic Production and Technology .................................... 40 Felix Adrian Tencariu Craft Production in the Vinča Culture: Viewpoint from Osseous Industries ................................................................................................... 65 Selena Vitezović Standardization of Chipped Stone Artefacts and Patterning of Lithic Raw Material Procurement Strategies in the Late Neolithic and Early Chalcolithic in Serbia: Tradition, Strategy, or Request? ........................... 89 Vera Bogosavljević Petrović Part-time Labor and Household Production: Emergence of Specialized Potters in the Late Neolithic Vinča (Serbia) and Late Eneolithic Vučedol (Croatia) Societies ..................................................................... 120 Jasna Vuković and Ina Miloglav vi Table of Contents Communities of Practice and Potter’s Experience: A Case Study from Southwestern Mallorca (C. 500-50 BC) ......................................... 137 Daniel Albero Santacreu, Aixa Vidal, Jaume García Rosselló and Manuel Calvo Trias Assessing Standardization in Maltese Prehistoric Pottery Production: The Case of Borg in-Nadur Pottery ......................................................... 178 Valentina Copat Non-standardized Specializations: The Case of Trebenište ..................... 214 Staša Babić Reconstructing the Rules: Glass-making in La Tène Europe from Specialized Technology to Social Production ................................. 227 Joëlle Rolland Contributors ............................................................................................. 243 Index ........................................................................................................ 249 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Fig. 2-1. Localization of the villages of the Jodhpur region where data were collected. Fig. 2-2. Heaps of fired water jars waiting to be loaded and taken away by middlemen. Fig. 2-3. Example of the images that were used for profile extraction. Fig. 2-4. An example of a silhouette profile and the corresponding three mathematical representations. Fig. 2-5. Distribution of the maximum diameters and the rim diameters of the 15-liter jars. The centers of the ellipses are at the mean of the distributions, and the dimensions to each side are the standard deviations. Fig. 2-6. Distribution of the maximum diameters and the rim diameters of the 20-liter jars. The centers of the ellipses are at the mean of the distributions, and the dimensions to each side are the standard deviations. Fig. 2-7. Cluster tree for the 15-liter jars. Fig. 2-8. Cluster tree for the 20-liter jars. Fig. 2-9. Distribution of the 20-liter jars of each potter (columns) according to the branches of the cluster-tree (rows). Fig. 3-1. The study area and the location of the potter workshops mentioned in the text. Fig. 3-2. Rooms for pottery making (numbers correspond to the code names from Table 3-1). (photo: Felix Adrian Tencariu). Fig. 3- 3. Pottery wheels (photo: Felix Adrian Tencariu). Fig. 3-4. Utilitarian pottery – the most common products (photo: Felix Adrian Tencariu). Fig. 3-5. Pottery decoration by polishing (1) or sgraffito and glazes (2) (photo: Felix Adrian Tencariu). Fig. 3-6. Spaces for drying pottery (photo: Felix Adrian Tencariu). Fig. 3-7. Kilns (photo: Felix Adrian Tencariu). Fig. 3-8. Traditional kilns used by Moldavian potters (drawings by the author). Fig. 4-1. Map of the some of the Vinča culture sites mentioned in the text. Fig. 4-2. Semi-finished tools and debris from red deer antler, Jakovo- Kormadin (photo: S. Vitezović) viii List of Illustrations Fig. 4-3. Awls made from longitudinally split small ruminant bones with epiphysis kept as the handle, Drenovac (photo: S. Vitezović). Fig. 4-4. Diverse pointed tools made from split ribs, Vitkovo (photo: S. Vitezović). Fig. 4-5. Antler artefacts, Divostin: a/ Fragmented cutting tool – axe, b/ hammer made from the basal segment, c/ harpoon-shaped artefact (photo: S. Vitezović). Fig. 4-6. Spoons made from red deer antler and bone, Grivac (photo: S. Vitezović). Fig. 4-7. Antler harpoons, Vinča-Belo Brdo (after Srejović and Jovanović 1959). Fig. 5-1. Vinča sites with published chipped stone assemblages (after: Bogosavljević Petrović 2015: Fig. 65; Gurova 2016: Fig. 1); 1 Vinča– Belo Brdo, 2 Gomolava, 3 Selevac, 4 Grivac, 5 Divostin, 6 Divlje Polje, 7 Trsine, 8 Anatema, 9 Petnica, 10 Opovo, 11 Crkvine–Stubline, 12 Crkvine–Mali Borak, 13 Belovode, 14 Zbradila, 15 Pločnik, 16 Drenovac Fig. 5-2. Lepenski Vir, blade of Balkan flint (National Museum in Belgrade) Fig. 5-3. Belovode, artefacts of white chert of organogenic structure (National Museum in Belgrade, photo: A. Petrović) Fig. 5-4. Vinča – Belo Brdo, Vinča D, blades of different raw materials without distal part (after: Bogosavljević Petrović 2015: Fig. 123) Fig. 5-5. Vinča – Belo Brdo, Vinča D, retouched blades and fragments (after: Bogosavljević Petrović 2015: Fig. 126) Fig. 5-6. Vinča – Belo Brdo, Vinča D, retouched blades and medial parts of blades (after: Bogosavljević Petrović 2015: Fig. 125) Fig. 5-7. Grivac VI, Vinča D, retouched blades, truncations and microblades (after: Bogosavljević Petrović 2008: Fig. 12.37 and 12.43) Fig. 5-8. Grivac. Medial parts of blades (National Museum Kragujevac, photo: P. Mihajlović) Fig. 5-9. Divostin II, blades and single–platform cores of „tan chert“ (National Museum Kragujevac, photo: P. Mihajlović) Fig. 5-10. Divlje Polje, Vinča C and D, retouched and nonretouched blades (National Museum Kraljevo, photo: S. Vulović) Fig. 5-11. Cores. 1 – Grivac V (Vinča C); 2, 3, 5, 6 – Grivac VI (Vinča D); 4 – Divlje Polje, unit G (Vinča D); 7 – 10 Gomolava Ia (Vinča B) Fig. 5-12. Vinča – Belo Brdo, Vinča D. Singl–paltform core for blades, No 1170 (Belgrade City Museum, photo: V. Bogosavljević Petrović) Fig. 5-13. Trsine, Vinča D. Magnesite cores (National Museum Čačak, photo: S. Vulović) Artisans Rule ix Fig. 5-14. Divlje Polje: endscrapers of silicified magnesite (Bogosavljević Petrović 2015: Fig. 64) Fig. 5-15. Vinča – Belo Brdo. Typical blades of LN and EC technology (National Museum in Belgrade) Fig. 5-16. Microblades and microperforaters. Gomolava Ib: hoard A (a-m) and hoard B (a-w), after: Kaczanowska and Kozłowski 1986: Fig. 25. Vinča – Belo Brdo, Vinča D: 1, 2 – microperforaters Fig. 5-17. Circulation of the main stone raw materials and blades of white chert during the Late Neolithic and Early Chalcolithic in Serbia: 1 Vinča–Belo Brdo, 2 Gomolava, 3 Selevac, 4 Grivac, 5 Divostin, 6 Divlje Polje, 7 Trsine, 8 Anatema, 9 Petnica, 10 Opovo, 11 Crkvine– Stubline, 12 Crkvine–Mali Borak, 13 Belovode, 14 Zbradila, 15 Pločnik, 16 Drenovac, 17 Viteževo–Konjušica, 18 Oreškovica, 19 Potporanj, 20 Lojanik mine Fig. 6-1. Fine burnished bowl on three feet (after: Ignjatović 2008: 259) Fig. 6-2. Dual vessel form the site Damića Gradina (after: Miloglav 2016, Pl. 31; Vinkovci City Museum) Fig. 7-1. Study area with the sites mentioned in the text. Fig. 7-2. COPs present during the Late Iron Age in Mallorca. Red squares indicate the total potter community of the period. One-way arrows indicate the maintenance of the tradition in the COP whereas two-way arrows stand for a reciprocal relationship between COPs. Fig. 7-3. Thin section microphotographs taken in cross polarized light A) Coarse texture paste associated to Fabric 1, rich in spathic calcite and temper as much as pores parallel to the vessel surface (Sample SM- 796, image width = 2.7 mm). B) Spathic calcite crystals evidencing thermal alteration (Sample SM-665, image width = 1.75 mm) (photos: Daniel Albero Santacreu). Fig. 7-4. A) Thin section photomicrographs taken with cross polarized light showing a paste rich in vegetal temper (TSF-1/294, image width = 4.6 mm). B) Photomicrograph taken with binocular microscope showing a heterogeneous distribution of the non-plastic components due