SFG1366 REV Public Disclosure Authorized REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN MINISTRY OF INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE FOR ROADS CENTER – WEST Public Disclosure Authorized REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT CORRIDOR PROJECT: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FINANCED BY INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT AND REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN Public Disclosure Authorized FEBRUARY 2016 Prepared for: Prepared by: Committee for Roads Ministry of Investment and Public Disclosure Authorized Development Republic of Kazakhstan KazdorNIIin association with SAPA SZ & SAEN 47 KabanbaiBatyr Ave, Transport Tower21 ManatauStr, 3rd Floor, Office 10, Astana CityAstana City Astana Tel: +7 7172 51 81 17, E-mail: [email protected] Final report of EIASS on Centre-West Road Project: Astana-Arkalyk-Turgai-Irgiz-Shalkar road section TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................. 6 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 14 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................... 16 2.1. GENERAL INFORMATION .................................................................................................. 16 2.2. PROJECT SPECIFICATION .................................................................................................. 17 2.3. SECTION 1 - AKMOLA REGION ......................................................................................... 17 2.4 SECTION 2 – KOSTANAI REGION ........................................................ 19 2.5 SECTION 3 – AKTOBE REGION ............................................................ 20 2.6 RIVERS AND BRIDGES ........................................................................ 21 2.7 QUARRIES AND BORROW PITS ........................................................... 24 3. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ........................................................................................ 26 4. JURIDICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ..................................................... 28 4.1 OVERALL LEGAL FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................... 28 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...................................................................... 28 4.3 TRANSPORT LAW.................................................................................................................. 30 4.4 AIR QUALITY STANDARDS ................................................................................................ 31 4.5 WATER QUALITY LEGISLATION AND STANDARDS .................................................... 32 4.6 SOIL STANDARDS ................................................................................................................. 35 4.7 NOISE STANDARDS .............................................................................................................. 35 4.8 HEALTH AND SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION ........................ 35 4.9 ARCHAEOLOGY AND CULTURAL HERITAGE ................................................................ 36 4.10 COMPARISON OF KAZAKH AND WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS .......... 37 4.11 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM GAP ANALYSIS ....................... 42 5. ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE DATA ............................................................... 45 5.1 SECTION 1 – AKMOLA REGION ........................................................ 45 5.1.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................... 45 5.1.2 CLIMATE ............................................................................................................................... 45 5.1.3 GEOLOGYCAL STRUCTURE ............................................................................................. 46 5.1.4 GROUNDS AND NATIVE ROCK ........................................................................................ 46 5.1.5 HYDROLOGIC FEATURES ................................................................................................. 46 5.1.6 FLORA AND FAUNA ........................................................................................................... 47 5.1.7 LAND RESOURCES .............................................................................................................. 48 5.1.8 NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES ............................................................. 49 2 Final report of EIASS on Centre-West Road Project: Astana-Arkalyk-Turgai-Irgiz-Shalkar road section 5.1.9 SOCIAL-ECONOMIC FEATURES .............................................................................. 49 5.2 SECTION 2 - KOSTANAI REGION ...................................................... 54 5.2.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................... 54 5.2.2 CLIMATE ...................................................................................................................... 54 5.2.3 GEOLOGYCAL STRUCTURE .................................................................................... 54 5.2.4 GROUNDS AND NATIVE ROCK ............................................................................... 54 5.2.5 HYDROLOGIC FEATURES ........................................................................................ 54 5.2.6 FLORA AND FAUNA .................................................................................................. 55 5.2.7 LAND RESOURCES ..................................................................................................... 55 5.2.8 NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES ............................................................. 55 5.2.9 SOCIAL-ECONOMIC FEATURES .............................................................................. 56 5.3 SECTION 3 – AKTOBE REGION ....................................................... 59 5.3.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................... 59 5.3.2 CLIMATE ....................................................................................................................... 60 5.3.3 GEOLOGYCAL STRUCTURE .................................................................................... 60 5.3.4 GROUNDS AND NATIVE ROCK ................................................................................ 60 5.3.5 HYDROLOGIC FEATURES ......................................................................................... 60 5.3.6 FLORA AND FAUNA ................................................................................................... 61 5.3.7 LAND RESOURCES ...................................................................................................... 61 5.3.8 NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES .............................................................. 61 5.3.9 SOCIAL-ECONOMIC FEATURES ............................................................................... 61 6. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ................................................................... 65 6.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 65 6.2 AIR IMPACT ........................................................................................................................ 66 6.3 NOISE AND VIBRATION IMPACT ................................................................................... 67 6.4 HYDROLOGICAL IMPACT ............................................................................................... 69 6.5 SOIL AND LAND IMPACT ................................................................................................ 70 6.6 FLORA AND FAUNA IMPACT ......................................................................................... 71 6.7 WASTE FORMATION......................................................................................................... 72 6.8 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT ................................................................................. 73 6.9 NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES IMPACT .................................................... 74 6.10 ROAD SAFETY AND AESTHETICS IMPACT ................................................................. 74 6.11. CUMULATIVE IMPACT ...................................................................................................... 75 7. MEASURES FOR MITIGATION OF ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK . 76 7.1 AIR QUALITY MITIGATION ............................................................................................ 76 7.2 QUARRIES AND BORROW PITS MITIGATION ............................................................. 77 7.3 NOISE AND VIBRATION MITIGATION .......................................................................... 78 3 Final report of EIASS on Centre-West Road Project: Astana-Arkalyk-Turgai-Irgiz-Shalkar road section 7.4 HYDROLOGICAL MITIGATION ...................................................................................... 79 7.5 SOIL EROSION AND CONTAMINATION MITIGATION .............................................. 81 7.6 FLORA AND FAUNA MITIGATION ................................................................................. 82 7.7 WASTE MITIGATION .......................................................................................................