SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal Volume 5 Article 1 2021 SUURJ Volume 5 Entire Volume Editors of SUURJ Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.seattleu.edu/suurj Recommended Citation Editors of SUURJ (2021) "SUURJ Volume 5 Entire Volume," SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal: Vol. 5 , Article 1. Available at: https://scholarworks.seattleu.edu/suurj/vol5/iss1/1 This Entire Volume is brought to you for free and open access by the Seattle University Journals at ScholarWorks @ SeattleU. It has been accepted for inclusion in SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks @ SeattleU. Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal May 2021 VOLUME Chief Faculty Editor Faculty Content Editors Dr. Molly Clark Hillard Saheed Adejumobi June Johnson Bube Designer Vladamir Dashkeev Caleb Hou, ‘14 Rob Efird Kendall Fisher Cover Photo Credit Tanya Hayes Katie Howard Dr. Molly Clark Hillard Nova Robinson Student Editors Dan Smith Fall-Spring Michael Spinetta Tori Almond Michael Zanis McCalee Cain Jollan Franco Faculty Advisory Board Alia Fukumoto June Johnson Bube Isabelle Halaka Marc Cohen Katie Howard Katherine Frato Emma Hyman Steven Klee Cole Janssen Rochelle Lundy Lucas Neumeyer Nova Robinson Grace Nikunen Anna Petgrave Founding Student Editorial Team Taylor Martino Fall-Winter Julia McGee Lexi Ziegler Hannah Rips Chloe Traynor Fall Anya Vindla Braden Dose Enya Harris Mary Namutebi Christopher Stevens 2 Table of Contents 5 Welcome to SUURJ 8 News and Notes 9 “Knotris: A New Game.” Allison Henrich, Alexandra Ionescu, Brooke Mathews, Isaac Ortega & Kelemua Tesfaye 15 Core and University Honors Writing 16 “Inclusion and Exclusion in Medieval European Craft Guilds.” Sahil Bathija 24 “Improving Access: Primary Care Presence in Underserved Communities.” Isabel Gilbertson & David Yañez 37 Short Communications 38 “The Role of Nature in Japanese American Internment Narratives: Julie Otsuka’s When the Emperor Was Divine.” Brandon McWilliams 50 “Trees Take the Streets: Urban Tree Growth and Hazard Potential.” Amelia Serafin and Brooke Wynalda 62 Full-Length Research Articles 63 “Beyond the Birds and the Bees: Sex Education and its Impact on Communication, Self-Efficacy, and Relationships.” Katie Anderson, Talia Rossi, & Stella Roth 84 “At Home in King County: Educational Access for Adult Somali Refugees.” Colleen Cronnelly 106 “Queerer than Canon: Fix-it Fanfiction and Queer Readings.” Neha Hazra 125 “How the 2019 Mauna Kea Protest Movement Sparked a Hawaiian Cultural Renaissance: a Mini-Ethnography.” Wailana Medeiros 3 141 “Entry Point for Assessing Sustainability in Ecotourism: Insights from Costa Rica.” Monica McKeown 162 “Beneficial Bacteria: How Misunderstood Organisms Can Promote Wound Repair in Chronic Subcutaneous Wounds.” Molly Van Dyke 180 “The Manifestation of Total War in the Mexican Revolution.” Craig Verniest 198 Contributor Biographies 4 Welcome to SUURJ: Celebrating its Fifth Year! Welcome to the Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal (SUURJ). Through the hard work and collaboration of student editors, organizers, advertisers, and fundraisers, we have achieved a fifth volume of our journal, and we are thankful for the contributions of university students, faculty, and administrators. Beyond simply a journal, SUURJ is a publication made to amplify students’ voices and insights beyond the classroom into wider conversations; it is also an opportunity, providing both authors and editors with valuable professional experience. Although we were challenged by the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and interacting entirely through virtual means, SUURJ Volume 5 has come together, and we are thrilled to present the product of our year-long collaboration. This year’s volume is a poignant curation of student research across a variety of fields of study, from microbiology and game design to the cultural renaissance and the impacts of refugees. Each year’s selection is a careful deliberation that seeks to balance disciplinary and methodologically diverse content with relevant theses that engage broader issues in important and insightful ways. In being an online journal, we have the benefit of bridging students’ research into larger conversations at a global scale. Although SUURJ is a small journal, the process of its creation has been immense, from our training, to the selection process, to copyediting, to publication assembly. We feel it is this hard work and dedication that have brought us to where we are: with our fifth volume, and one that we are proud to showcase. While SUURJ does not choose annual themes for its volumes, natural patterns and rhythms will often occur. This year, we noticed surfacing themes of boldly confronting injustice at the environmental, social, and humanitarian levels. As the fifth team to embark on this journey, we have had the gracious leadership, compassion, and insight of Dr. Molly Clark Hillard, who ran the entire practicum. It has been a turbulent journey from beginning to end, but being the experienced captain that she is, Dr. Hillard guided us through our stresses and uncertainties until we reached the final stretch, with moments of laughter, fun, and creativity illuminating the culmination of our work. The challenges created by the pandemic pushed us to grow, adapt, and innovate, leading us to a publication that we feel has not only met those challenges, but reflected the context of our world and the concerns which swirl about it. We have the collective effort of our cohort, leader, and contributors to thank for that. SUURJ Volume 5 encountered a rich pool of submissions, perhaps a reflection of the need to bring issues to light, helped by the passions of students. It is, without a doubt, the 5 drive of inspired community members that has fueled the need for undergraduate research journals and created for students across disciplines an impactful platform. The need for diverse voices and issues is crucial, and it is our hope to elevate in order to provoke, to inspire in order to motivate, to start the conversation in order to begin change. We do that with the help of driven student research, the work of our student editors, and the participation of readers like yourself. So, in this milestone year of the journal, we thank you. All Our Gratitude, The SUURJ Volume 5 Student Editorial Team 6 A Note from the Chief Faculty Editor It is hard to believe that it has already been five years since we launched our first volume with our first cohort of student editors and authors. It has been my honor to serve as the founder and faculty editor of this journal since its beginning in 2016 (with a year off for sabbatical, when the journal was in the very talented hands of Professors Tara Roth and Hannah Tracy). In a short span of time, SUURJ has gone from an idea to a thriving publication with a global readership. This success would not have been possible without the help and support of many people, among them our faculty advisory board; the financial and logistical sponsorship of the College of Arts and Sciences, Albers, Lemieux Library, and the University Core office; the many faculty who have encouraged their students to submit essays, our faculty content editors, our talented contributors, and four years of amazing student editors, who take on the mantle of SUURJ apprenticeship year after year with skill and grace. It bears noting that this first cohort of editors found themselves deliberating on our first set of manuscript submissions the day after the election of Donald Trump in November 2016. In the midst of collective shock and grief, that editorial team marched into deliberation sessions with a laser-like focus and determination to create a first issue that would render clear their values as a team, give voice to students, and speak truth to power. That set of intentions has stayed with SUURJ for all five of its issues. This year, in November of 2020, our new crop of editors once again entered the deliberation process with a presidential election hanging in the balance. They, too, set the task for themselves of selecting a set of essays that speak to justice, repair, and hope in bleak times. Watch this space for new and exciting directions for the journal in the future as we SUURJ forward into the next five years! Yours in the service of great prose and ethical editing, Molly Clark Hillard, PhD Department of English Chief Faculty Editor for SUURJ 7 News and Notes This section is intended to briefly showcase exciting projects emerging at Seattle University, some in collaboration with faculty, others independent. 8 Knotris: A New Game Allison Henrich, Alexandra Ionescu, Brooke Mathews, Isaac Ortega & Kelemua Tesfaye 9 In 2019-2020, we began our knot mosaic research, sponsored by the Center for Undergraduate Research in Mathematics (CURM). To build the intuition to ask meaningful questions, we played with wooden knot mosaic tiles, created by Lew Ludwig for the UnKnot Conference, together with acrylic tiles that we created. We expected to make conjectures and prove theorems typical of pure mathematics research. Instead, while playing with tiles in our Seattle University dormitory, Chardin Hall one day, our play ignited a spark that inspired us to develop Knotris, a Tetris-like game that uses knot mosaic tiles instead of tetrominoes. Let’s begin by introducing some knot mosaic vocabulary. A knot mosaic is a rectangular configuration created using the 11-knot mosaic tiles (Figure 1), and can be used to represent any knot (Figures 2 & 3). A knot mosaic is a rectangular configuration created using the 11 basic-knot mosaic tiles (Figure 1), and can be used to represent any knot (Figures 2 and 3). Figure 1 Eleven-knot mosaic tiles. Figure 2 The knot diagram of a trefoil. Figure 3 The knot diagram of a trefoil. A connection point is present along any edge of a tile that a strand passes through (Figure 4).