FNSB Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan PAGE RESERVED FOR FNSB PLAN ADOPTION RESOLUTION FNSB Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan PAGE RESERVED FOR CITY OF FAIRBANKS PLAN ADOPTION RESOLUTION FNSB Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan PAGE RESERVED FOR CITY OF NORTH POLE PLAN ADOPTION RESOLUTION FNSB Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Contents 1. Executive Summary .......................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 HMP UPDATE ORGANIZATION ............................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.1 Planning Process Summary ........................................................................................... 1-2 1.1.2 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment ................................................................. 1-3 1.1.3 Mitigation Strategies ...................................................................................................... 1-4 1.1.4 Plan Review, Evaluation, and Implementation ........................................................... 1-5 1.1.5 Plan Adoption .................................................................................................................. 1-5 2. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Hazard Mitigation Planning Requirements ......................................................................... 2-2 2.2 Planning Process and Methodology ..................................................................................... 2-2 2.3 Plan Development Resources ............................................................................................... 2-7 2.4 Public Involvement ............................................................................................................... 2-12 2.5 Review, Evaluation and Implementation of the 2014 HMP .............................................. 2-13 2.6 Plan Adoption ........................................................................................................................ 2-14 2.7 Plan Monitoring, Evaluation and Updating ........................................................................ 2-16 2.7.1 Arctic Urban Risks and Adaptations Project .............................................................. 2-20 3. Community Profile ............................................................................................ 3-1 3.1 History ..................................................................................................................................... 3-4 3.2 Alaska Native Corporations ................................................................................................... 3-7 3.3 Socioeconomics and Development Trends ......................................................................... 3-9 FNSB Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 3.3.1 Housing Development Trends ....................................................................................... 3-9 3.3.2 Economy ........................................................................................................................ 3-12 3.3.3 Military ........................................................................................................................... 3-13 3.3.4 Education ....................................................................................................................... 3-14 3.3.5 Research and Development ......................................................................................... 3-14 3.3.6 Agriculture ..................................................................................................................... 3-15 3.3.7 Forestry .......................................................................................................................... 3-16 3.3.8 Mining ............................................................................................................................. 3-17 3.3.9 Oil & Gas Development ................................................................................................. 3-19 3.3.10 Tourism .......................................................................................................................... 3-19 3.4 Transportation ...................................................................................................................... 3-20 3.4.1 Air Transportation......................................................................................................... 3-20 3.4.2 Rail Transportation ....................................................................................................... 3-21 3.4.3 Road Transportation .................................................................................................... 3-21 3.5 Electric and Utilities .............................................................................................................. 3-25 3.6 Health Care ............................................................................................................................ 3-27 3.7 Emergency Services ............................................................................................................. 3-28 4. Risk Assessment and Hazard Identification ......................................................... 4-1 4.1 Components of Risk Assessment .......................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 Hazard Identification - “What kind of natural hazards affect the Borough?” .................. 4-2 4.3 Profile Hazard Events - “How bad can it get?” .................................................................... 4-3 4.4 Inventory Assets - “What is at risk?” ..................................................................................... 4-4 FNSB Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 4.4.1 Population ....................................................................................................................... 4-4 4.4.2 Infrastructure ................................................................................................................ 4-14 4.4.3 Residential Property ..................................................................................................... 4-19 4.5 Estimate Losses .................................................................................................................... 4-19 4.5.1 Vulnerabilities to Cryosphere Hazards ....................................................................... 4-19 4.5.2 Vulnerabilities to Earthquake - Ground Motion ......................................................... 4-21 4.5.3 Vulnerabilities to Earthquake - Liquefaction ............................................................. 4-23 4.5.4 Vulnerabilities to Flooding ........................................................................................... 4-26 4.5.5 Vulnerabilities to Ground Failure ................................................................................ 4-29 4.5.6 Vulnerabilities to Severe Weather ............................................................................... 4-30 4.5.7 Vulnerabilities to Wildland Fire ................................................................................... 4-32 5. Cryosphere Hazard Profile ................................................................................. 5-1 5.1 Nature and Location .............................................................................................................. 5-1 5.1.1 Permafrost and Periglacial Features ............................................................................ 5-2 5.2 Historical Occurrence ............................................................................................................ 5-6 5.3 Possible Impacts from Future Events ................................................................................... 5-9 5.4 Probability of Future Events .................................................................................................. 5-9 6. Seismic Event Hazard Profile ............................................................................. 6-1 6.1 Nature and Location ............................................................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Historical Occurrence ............................................................................................................. 6-4 6.3 Possible Impacts from Future Events .................................................................................... 6-7 6.4 Probability of Future Events................................................................................................... 6-8 FNSB Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 6.5 Existing Seismic Hazard Actions .......................................................................................... 6-13 6.5.1 City of Fairbanks ........................................................................................................... 6-13 6.5.2 City of North Pole .......................................................................................................... 6-13 7. Flood Hazard Profile ......................................................................................... 7-1 7.1 Nature and Location .............................................................................................................. 7-1 7.2 Historical Occurrence ...........................................................................................................