Chronology of the Great War from Library of American History From the Discovery of America to the Present Time by Edward S. Ellis; The Jones Brothers Publishing Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1895, 1900 pp. 203-221 1914 June 28.—Archduke Francis Ferdinand assassinated. July 23.—Presentation of Austro-Hungarian note to Serbia. July 28.—War declared on Serbia by Austria-Hungary. July 30.—Partial mobilization of Russian army. Belgrade bombarded by Austria- Hungary. July 31.—General mobilization of Russian army ordered. State of war declared in Germany. Aug. 1.—War declared on Russia by Germany. Luxemburg invaded by Germany. French cabinet orders general mobilization. Aug. 2.—German troops enter France. German ultimatum to Belgium demanding free passage for her troops. Russian troops enter Germany. Aug. 4.—Ultimatum sent by Great Britain to Germany demanding an assurance that the neutrality of Belgium shall be respected. Germans attack Liege. Mobilization of the British army. Germany declared war on both Belgium and France. Great Britain declared war on Germany. Mobilization of Turkish army. President Wilson issues proclamation of neutrality. Aug. 5.—Lord Kitchener appointed British Minister of War. German mine-layer Koenigen Luise destroyed. First installment of British expeditionary force landed on French coast. President Wilson tenders his good offices to the warring nations. Aug. 6.—Austria-Hungary declared war on Russia. Aug. 7.—Mobile Belgian military force withdrew from Liege, leaving forts occupied by their permanent garrisons. Aug. 8.—French advance into Alsace, occupying Altkirch. Italy reaffirms neutrality. Aug. 9.—German warships Goeben and Breslau took refuge in the Bosphorus. French occupy Muelhausen. Aug. 10.—France declares war on Austria- Hungary. Aug. 12.—England declares war on Austria- Hungary. Sale of German warships Goeben and Breslau to Turkey announced. Aug. 14.—Mobilization of French army completed and announced as being in touch with the Belgians. Allies protested to Turkey against purchasing and taking over the German warships Goeben and Breslau. Aug. 15.—Japanese issue ultimatum to Germany demanding evacuation of Kiauchau. Russia issues proclamation promising reconstitution and autonomy of the Kingdom of Poland. Aug. 16.—Landing of British expeditionary force on coast of France completed. Russian advance on Germany begun. Aug. 17.—Belgian Government removed from Brussels to Antwerp. Beginning of a five days’ battle in Lorraine, ending in repulse of French across frontier with heavy loss. Beginning of five days’ battle between Serbians and Austrians on the Jadar, ending in Austrian rout. Aug. 20.—Brussels occupied by Germans. Belgian army retreats to Antwerp. French reverses in Alsace. Aug. 23.—Germans enter Namur and begin attack on Mons. Japan declares war on Germany, blockades and commences bombardment of Tsingtau. Germans destroy three of Namur forts. Aug. 24.—Fall of Namur announced. Aug. 25.—Louvain destroyed by Germans. German Zeppelin drops bombs on Antwerp. Muelhausen evacuated by French. Aug. 26.—Non-partisan French cabinet organized. Germans take Longwy. Aug. 28.—British fleet sinks five German warships off Helgoland. Sept. 2.—Russians defeat Austrians at Lemberg after seven days continuous fighting. end page 203 1914 Sept. 3.—French Government removed from Paris to Bordeaux. Sept. 5.—Great Britain, France and Russia agree not to treat for peace separately. Rheims taken by Germans. Sept. 7.—Germans reach extreme point of their advance in first invasion of France, and begin retreat. Sept. 12.—German retreat halts on Aisne. Sept. 14.—British auxiliary cruiser Carmania sinks German armed cruiser Cap Trafalgar off east coast of South America. Sept. 16.—Russians retire from East Prussia. Sept. 20.—Bombardment of Rheims Cathedral by Germans. British cruiser Pegasus completely disabled while at anchor in Zanzibar Harbor by German cruiser Koenigsberg. Sept. 22.—British cruisers Aboukir, Hogue and Cressy sunk by German submarine in North Sea. Sept. 28.—Germans bombard Antwerp’s first line of defense. Oct. 5.—Belgian Government removed from Antwerp to Ostend. Oct. 7.—Japanese seize Caroline Islands. Oct. 9.—Germans occupy Antwerp. Oct. 11.—German advance in Poland threatens Warsaw. Oct. 12.—Martial law declared throughout Union of South Africa on account of mutinies by Boer leaders. Oct. 13.—Belgian Government removed from Ostend to Havre. Oct. 15.—Ostend occupied by Germans. Oct. 16.—British cruiser Hawke sunk by German submarine. Oct. 17.—Japanese cruiser Takachiho sunk by torpedo in Kiauchau Bay. Oct. 18.—Belgian army effects junction with allied left. Beginning of battle from Channel coast to Lisle. Oct. 24.—Ten days’ battle before Warsaw ends in German defeat. Oct. 27.-—The Audacious, one of the new British dreadnoughts, sunk by a mine off the Irish coast. Oct. 29.—Turkey begins war on Russia by naval attacks on Black Sea ports. Nov. 1.—German squadron defeated British squadron off Coronel, Chili. Nov. 5.—England and France declare war on Turkey. Dardanelles forts bombarded. Nov. 6.—Kiauchau surrenders to Japanese. Nov. 11.—Germans cross Yser Canal and capture Dixmudc. Nov. 13.—Russians seize Tarnow, Krosno, and Jaslo. Nov. 18.—Officially reported that a launch of U. S. S. Tennessee was fired on in harbor of Smyrna, Turkey. Nov. 21.—Russians capture Gumbinnen. Nov. 22.—Turks gain victory over British near Port Said, east of the Suez Canal. Nov. 23.—Beginning of second Battle of Ypres in the Argonne. Nov. 24.—Russian victory concludes ten- day battle in Poland. Nov. 25.—British steamer Malachite sunk near Havre by German submarine. Nov. 26.—British predreadnought Bulwark blown up in the Thames. Nov. 27.—French gain strongholds along line from the Channel to Muehlhausen. Bombardment of Rheims effected. Nov. 29.—Important positions captured by Allies near Ypres. Russians seize Czerno- witz. Nov. 30.—Capture of Belgrade by Austrians ends 126-day siege. Dec. 3.—Germans take offensive position between Ypres and Dixmude. Dec. 5.—Allies successfully resist the German attack at Ypres. Dec. 6.—Germans capture Lodz and threaten Warsaw. Dec. 8.—British battleship squadron meets and destroys four German cruisers off Falkland Islands. Only one German cruiser escapes and this is pursued by the British fleet. British force captures Kurna in Turkey. Dec. 10.—Von Moltke is succeeded by von Falkenhayn as head of the German General Staff. Dec. 12.—Austrians repulsed by Serbians at Kosmai. end page 204 1914 Dec. 13.—British submarine sinks Turkish battleship Masudieh in the Dardanelles. Dec. 14.—Serbians recapture Belgrade. Austrians capture 9,000 Russians at Dukla in the Carpathians. Dec. 16.—The English coast towns Scarborough, Hartlepool, and Whitby are bombarded by a German squadron. Dec. 17.—England declares protectorate over Egypt; end of Turkish suzerainty. Dec. 18.—Germans seize Lowicz. Dec. 19.—Battle on the Bzura halts Germans thirty miles from Warsaw. Dec. 20.—Interior forts of the Dardanelles are bombarded by allied fleets. Germans advance farther toward Warsaw. Dec. 21.—Russians win in Armenia. Dec. 22.—German strongholds along Belgian coast shelled by allied fleets. Dec. 23.—Austrians defeated in Carpathians. Dec. 25.—British cruisers accompanied by hydro-aeroplanes attack German naval base at Cuxhaven. Dec. 30.—Germans withdraw over the Bzura. 1915 Jan. 1.—British battleship Formidable is torpedoed and sunk in the English Channel with severe loss. Jan. 4.—French troops capture Steinbach in Alsace. Russians are victorious at Arda- han and Sarikamysh. Jan. 7.—President of France issues decree prohibiting the sale and transportation of intoxicating liquors. Jan. 9.—Germans recapture Steinbach and Burnhaupt. Jan. 10.—Thirty bombs thrown by German aeroplanes on Dunkirk. Jan. 13.—Baron Burian, a Hungarian, succeeds Count Berchtold as Premier of Austria-Hungary. Jan. 14.—Germans win victory north of Soissons, forcing the French retreat across the Aisne. Jan. 15.—Kirlibaba Pass taken by the Russians. Jan. 16.—Turkish mine sinks French submarine Saphir in the Dardanelles. Jan. 18.—La Bassee, center of fierce fighting, victories alternating. The French advance within ten miles of Metz. Jan. 19.—German airships raid English towns on Norfolk coast. Jan. 24.—German squadron is defeated by British coast patrol in second attempt to raid the English coast. German cruiser Bluecher sunk. Jan. 27.—Austrians recapture Uzsok Pass. Jan. 28.—French defeated at Craonne. Jan. 30.—Russians win Tabriz in victory over Turks. Feb. 1.—Germans recapture Borjimow, driving the Russians back upon Warsaw. Feb. 2.—The four outer forts of the Dardanelles are shelled by British and French fleets. Feb. 4.—Germany declares waters surrounding the British Isles, except a passage north of Scotland, to be a war zone after Feb. 18. Feb. 6.—The Lusitania flies American flag in the “danger zone” under British protection. Feb. 9.—Russians repel heavy attack of the Germans in the Carpathians. Feb. 10.—U. S. Government protests against Germany’s “war zone” decree. Feb. 12.—Belgian coast seaports raided by thirty-four British aircraft. Feb. 14.—German troops occupy Plock. Feb. 16.—Forty British aviators again attack Belgium. Italy and Holland protest against “war zone” decree. Feb. 18.—Germany declares “war zone” decree to be in effect. Feb. 19.—Great Britain suspends passenger travel between England and the Continent. Feb. 20.—American cotton-ship Evelyn is sunk by mine off coast of Holland. Feb. 23.—American steamer Carib is sunk off the German coast. Feb. 24.—Germans capture Przasnysz north by west of Warsaw. end page 205 1915 Feb. 25.—Allied fleet silences all forts at entrance to the Dardanelles. Feb. 27.—Russians recapture Przasnysz. Mar. 2.—Russians occupy Dukla Pass. Mar. 5.—Continued bombardment of the Dardanelles silences three more forts on the Asiatic side. Mar. 9.—Three British merchantmen sunk by German submarines. Mar. 11.—British take Neuve Chapelle and advance toward Lisle. Mar. 14.—Three British warships sink the German cruiser Dresden near Juan Fernandez Island. Mar. 15. — French capture trenches in vicinity of Arras. Mar. 18.—British battleships Irresistible and Ocean and the French battleship Bouvet are sunk in the Dardanelles.