THE PERCEPTION OF ISHAKA – BUSHENYI MUNICIPALITY RESIDENTS ON MALE CIRCUMCISION TOWARDS REDUCTION OF HIV/AIDS. BY PETER OLYAM (BMS/0151/62/DF) RESEARCH PROJECT PROPOSAL SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF MEDICINE AND BACHELOR OF SURGERY AT KAMPALA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY JULY, 2013 KAMPALA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY- WESTERN CAMPUS FACULTY OF CLINICAL MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY P.O BOX 71 BUSHENYI UGANDA Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................................................. v TABLE OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................................... vi DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................................. vii DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................................... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................................................. ix LIST OF ABREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................... x ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................................... xi CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 1 Background information ........................................................................................................................... 1 Problem statement ................................................................................................................................... 3 Research Question .................................................................................................................................... 4 Objectives of the study ............................................................................................................................. 4 General objective .................................................................................................................................. 4 Specific objectives ................................................................................................................................. 4 Significance of the study ........................................................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER TWO-LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................ 7 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 7 History of male circumcision ..................................................................................................................... 8 Cultures and Religions ............................................................................................................................... 9 Prevalence of circumcision ..................................................................................................................... 10 Sexual effects of circumcision ................................................................................................................. 11 Benefits from circumcision ..................................................................................................................... 11 Complications of circumcision ................................................................................................................ 13 CHAPTER THREE .......................................................................................................................................... 14 Methodology ........................................................................................................................................... 14 Study design ........................................................................................................................................ 14 Setting of the study ............................................................................................................................. 14 Study population ................................................................................................................................. 14 Instruments of data collection ............................................................................................................ 14 Selection criteria ..................................................................................................................................... 14 ii | P a g e Inclusion criteria .................................................................................................................................. 14 Exclusion criteria ................................................................................................................................. 15 Sampling .................................................................................................................................................. 15 Sample size estimation ........................................................................................................................... 15 Method of data collection ...................................................................................................................... 15 Data collection instruments .................................................................................................................... 15 Data analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 16 Ethical considerations ............................................................................................................................. 16 Dissemination of findings ........................................................................................................................ 16 Possible limitations ................................................................................................................................. 17 CHAPTER FOUR ........................................................................................................................................... 18 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 18 AGE OF RESPONDENTS ........................................................................................................................... 18 SEX OF RESPONDENTS ............................................................................................................................ 19 MARRITAL STATUS OF RESPONDENTS .................................................................................................... 19 RELIGION OF RESPONDENTS ................................................................................................................... 20 WHAT CIRCUMCISION IS ......................................................................................................................... 21 KNOWLEDGE ON CIRCUMCISION............................................................................................................ 21 INDICATIONS FOR CIRCUMCISION .......................................................................................................... 23 IMPRESSION ABOUT CIRCUMCISED MEN ............................................................................................... 24 PRACTICE OF CIRCUMCISION .................................................................................................................. 25 INFORMATION ON CIRCUMCISION ......................................................................................................... 29 COMPLICATIONS OF CIRCUMCISION ...................................................................................................... 31 ATTITUDE TOWARDS CIRCUMCISION ..................................................................................................... 31 CHAPTER FIVE ............................................................................................................................................. 34 DISCUSION .............................................................................................................................................. 34 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................................................... 34 KNOWLEDGE ON CIRCUMCISION........................................................................................................ 34 PRACTICES WITH REGARD TO CIRCUMCISION .................................................................................... 35 ATTITUDE TOWARDS CIRCUMCISION ................................................................................................. 36 CONCLUSION ..........................................................................................................................................