A COMPANION TO THE ANGLO-NORMAN WORLD Christopher Harper-Bill Elisabeth van Houts, Editors THE BOYDELL PRESS Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen A COMPANION TO THE ANGLO-NORMAN WORLD D:\Elaine\CompANW\Comp AN Prlms.vp 28 August 2002 15:52:05 This page intentionally left blank Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen A COMPANION TO THE ANGLO-NORMAN WORLD EDITED BY Christopher Harper-Bill and Elisabeth van Houts THE BOYDELL PRESS D:\Elaine\CompANW\Comp AN Prlms.vp 28 August 2002 15:52:06 Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen © Contributors 2003 All Rights Reserved. Except as permitted under current legislation no part of this work may be photocopied, stored in a retrieval system, published, performed in public, adapted, broadcast, transmitted, recorded or reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior permission of the copyright owner First published 2003 The Boydell Press, Woodbridge ISBN 0 85115 673 8 The Boydell Press is an imprint of Boydell & Brewer Ltd PO Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk IP12 3DF, UK and of Boydell & Brewer Inc. PO Box 41026, Rochester, NY 14604–4126, USA website: www.boydell.co.uk A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2002027997 This publication is printed on acid-free paper Printed in Great Britain by St Edmundsbury Press Ltd, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk D:\Elaine\CompANW\Comp AN Prlms.vp 29 August 2002 11:17:19 Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen Contents List of Illustrations vii Abbreviations viii Maps 1. Europe xii 2. Normandy xiii 3. Britain xiv 4. Southern Italy xv 5. Antioch xvi Preface xxvii 1 England in the Eleventh Century 1 Ann Williams 2 Normandy 911–1144 19 Cassandra Potts 3 England, Normandy and Scandinavia 43 Lesley Abrams 4 Angevin Normandy 63 Daniel Power 5 The Normans in the Mediterranean 87 Matthew Bennett 6 Historical Writing 103 Elisabeth van Houts 7 Feudalism and Lordship 123 Marjorie Chibnall 8 Administration and Government 135 Emma Mason 9 The Anglo-Norman Church 165 Christopher Harper-Bill 10 Language and Literature 191 Ian Short D:\Elaine\CompANW\Comp AN Prlms.vp 28 August 2002 15:52:07 Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 11 Ecclesiastical Architecture c. 1050 to c. 1200 215 Richard Plant Further Reading 255 Genealogies 1. Anglo-Saxon kings 871–1066 266 2. Anglo-Saxon kings and descendants 1016–1189 267 3. Kings of England and dukes of Normandy 1066–1216 268 4. Counts of Rouen and dukes of Normandy c. 911–996 269 5. Dukes of Normandy 943–1087 270 6. The Hauteville dynasty and the Norman rulers of southern Italy and 271 Antioch Time Lines 1. Kings in north-west Europe and dukes of Normandy 272 2. Popes, emperors of Byzantium and Norman rulers in southern Italy 273 Index 275 D:\Elaine\CompANW\Comp AN Prlms.vp 28 August 2002 15:52:07 Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen Illustrations 1. Plan of St Augustine’s abbey, Canterbury, after 1070 220 2. Plan of St Etienne abbey, Caen, 1060s 221 3. St Etienne, Caen, nave 225 4. Winchester cathedral, begun 1079, transept 229 5. Norwich cathedral, begun 1096, choir 232 6. Gloucester abbey, now cathedral, begun 1089, nave 234 7. Norwich cathedral, nave 237 8. Durham cathedral, begun 1093, nave 238 9. Lisieux cathedral, begun 1170, nave 243 10. St Etienne abbey, Caen, late twelfth-century, choir 244 11. Wells cathedral, late twelfth-century, nave 247 12. Canterbury cathedral, choir, after 1174 250 D:\Elaine\CompANW\Comp AN Prlms.vp 28 August 2002 15:52:07 Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen Abbreviations AA SS Acta Sanctorum (of the Bollandists) AD Archives Départementales AHR American Historical Review Ann. Mon. Annales Monastici, ed. H.R. Luard, 5 vols, RS XXXVI, 1864–69 ANS Anglo-Norman Studies Antiqs Jnl The Antiquaries Journal (Society of Antiquaries of London) ANTS Anglo-Norman Text Society Arch. Jnl Archaeological Journal (Royal Archaeological Institute) ASC Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (various edns) ASE Anglo-Saxon England BAA British Archaeological Association BAR British Archaeological Reports Bates, Regesta Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum: the Acta of William I (1066–1087), ed. D. Bates, Oxford 1998 Battle Chronicle The Chronicle of Battle Abbey, ed. E. Searle, OMT, 1980 BIHR Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research BL British Library BN Bibliothèque Nationale BNJ British Numismatic Journal Cal. Docs France Calendar of Documents preserved in France . i, 918–1216, ed. J.H. Round, HMSO, 1891 Carmen The Carmen de Hastingae Proelio of Guy, Bishop of Amiens, ed. C. Morton and H. Munz, OMT, 1972, rev. edn, F. Barlow, OMT, 1998 CCM Cahiers de Civilisation Médiévale Chron. Abingdon Chronicon Monasterii de Abingdon, ed. J. Stevenson, 2 vols, RS II, 1858 CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Coggeshall Radulphi de Coggeshall Chronicon Anglicanum, ed. J. Stevenson, RS LXVI, 1875 C & S Councils and Synods with other Documents relating to the English Church i, A.D. 871–1204, ed. D. Whitelock, M. Brett and C.N.L. Brooke, 2 vols, Oxford 1964 DB Domesday Book, seu liber censualis . ., ed. A. Farley, 2 vols, ‘Record Commission’, 1783; iii, iv, ed. H. Ellis, 1816 (also other edns) De gestis William of Malmesbury, De gestis pontificum Anglorum, ed. pontificum N.E.S.A. Hamilton, RS LII, 1870 Dialogus Richard Fitz Nigel, Dialogus de Scaccario, ed. C. Johnson, rev. edn, F.E.L. Carter and D. Greenway, OMT, 1983 Diceto Radulphi de Diceto Opera Historica. The Historical Works of D:\Elaine\CompANW\Comp AN Prlms.vp 28 August 2002 15:52:07 Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen Master Ralph de Diceto, Dean of London, ed. W. Stubbs, 2 vols, RS LXVIII, 1876 Domesday People K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, Domesday People: a Prosopography of Persons occurring in English Documents, 1066–1166 i, Domesday Book, Woodbridge 1999 Dudo De moribus et actis primorum Normanniae Ducum auctore Dudone Sancti Quintini Decano, ed. J. Lair, Société des Antiquaires de Normandie, 1865; Dudo of St Quentin, History of the Normans, trans. E. Christiansen, Woodbridge 1998 Eadmer, HN Historia Novorum in Anglia, ed. M. Rule, RS LXXXI, 1884 Eadmer, VA The Life of St Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury by Eadmer, ed. R.W. Southern, NMT, 1962 Ec. HR Economic History Review EEA English Episcopal Acta (British Academy) EHD English Historical Documents, 2nd edn, i, 500–1042, ed. D. Whitelock; ii, 1042–1189, ed. D.C. Douglas and G.W. Greenaway, London 1979–81 EHR English Historical Review England and England and Normandy in the Middle Ages, ed. D. Bates Normandy and A. Curry, London 1994 Fauroux Recueil des actes des ducs de Normandie (911–1066), ed. M. Fauroux, Mémoires de la Société des Antiquaires de Normandie XXXVI, 1961 GDB Great Domesday Book GEC Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, ed. Vicary Gibbs et al., 13 vols, London 1910–59 Gesta Guillelmi The Gesta Guillelmi of William of Poitiers, ed. R.H.C. Davis and M. Chibnall, OMT, 1998 Gesta Regis Henrici Gesta Regis Henrici Secundi Benedicti Abbatis. The Chronicle of the Reigns of Henry II and Richard I, 1169–92, ed. W. Stubbs, 2 vols, RS XLIX, 1867 Gesta Regum William of Malmesbury, Gesta Regum Anglorum, ed. R.A.B. Mynors, R.M. Thomson and M. Winterbottom, 2 vols, OMT, 1998–99 Gesta Stephani ed. K.R. Potter and R.H.C. Davis, OMT, 1976 Giraldi Cambrensis ed. J.S. Brewer, J.F. Dimock and G.F. Warner, 8 vols, RS XXI, Opera 1861–91 Glanvill The Treatise on the Laws and Customs of the Realm of England commonly called Glanvill, ed. G.D.G. Hall, NMT, 1965 Haskins Soc. Jnl Haskins Society Journal Historia Novella William of Malmesbury, Historia Novella, ed. E. King and K.R. Potter, OMT, 1998 HMSO Her Majesty’s Stationery Office Howden Chronica Rogeri de Houedene, ed. W. Stubbs, 4 vols, RS LI, 1868–71 Huntingdon Henry, Archdeacon of Huntingdon: ‘Historia Anglorum’, ed. D. Greenway, OMT, 1996 D:\Elaine\CompANW\Comp AN Prlms.vp 28 August 2002 15:52:08 Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen JBAA Journal of the British Archaeological Association JBS Journal of British Studies JEH Journal of Ecclesiastical History JMH Journal of Medieval History Jnl Journal John of Worcester The Chronicle of John of Worcester ii–iii, ed. R.R. Darlington and P. McGurk, OMT, 1995–98 Jumièges Gesta Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni, ed. E.M.C. van Houts, 2 vols, OMT, 1992–95 Lanfranc’s Letters The Letters of Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, ed. H. Clover and M. Gibson, OMT, 1979 Med. Arch. Medieval Archaeology MGH SS Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores MRSN Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniæ, ed. T. Stapleton, 2 vols, London 1840–44 Newburgh Historia Rerum Anglicarum of William of Newburgh, in Chronicles of Stephen, Henry II and Richard I, ed. R. Howlett, 4 vols, RS LXXXII, 1885–90 NMT Nelsons Medieval Texts ns new series OMT Oxford Medieval Texts Orderic Orderic Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica, ed. M. Chibnall, 6 vols, OMT, 1969–80 os old series PBA Proceedings of the British Academy PL Patrologiae cursus completus, series Latina, ed. J.P. Migne, Paris 1841–64 PR Pipe Roll (as published by Pipe Roll Society) PRO Public Record Office PRS Pipe Roll Society Recueil H II Recueil des actes de Henri II, roi d’Angleterre et duc de Normandie . ., ed. L. Delisle and E. Berger, 4 vols, Paris 1916–27 Regesta Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum i, ed.