Appendix 9.1 Site Gazetteer RIGGHILL WIND FARM i APPENDIX 9.1 This page is intentionally blank. RIGGHILL WIND FARM ii APPENDIX 9.1 Appendix 9.1 Site Gazetteer Site Number 1 Site Name Thom's Water Cuts, aqueduct and dam, Little Barone to Kirk Dam Type of Site Industrial: bridge, viaduct, aqueduct; inland water; weir/dam/sluice NRHE Number SM7112 Status Scheduled Monument Easting 208095 Northing 663810 Parish North Bute Council Argyll And Bute Description Description The monument comprises an aqueduct and dam. The aqueduct measures about 1000m in length. It varies in width from 5m along its western stretch, where it canalises two unnamed burns rising respectively from east of Little Barone Farm and in Craigberoch Wood, to 20m along its eastern stretch, where it is carried in an embankment to the Kirk Dam reservoir. The monument includes all the stretch of aqueduct in water, together with the following structures: (1) the clapper-bridge immediately west of the Loch Fad road; (2) the arched bridge with clapper extension at its west side under the Loch Fad road; (3) the dam at the north end of the Kirk Dam reservoir including the drainage tunnel with its upper sluice, and the overflow, and (4) the bottom stretch of the Foley Cut as it enters the Kirk Dam reservoir. The area to be scheduled includes the aqueduct plus all of the above structures, together with an area around them in which traces of activities associated with their construction and use may survive, as marked in red on the accompanying map extract. The area to be scheduled is very irregular in plan, with a total length in the order of 1200m, extending from S of Barone Road by way of Cnoc na h-Ulaidhe (where it widens out from 15m to 25m at the start of the embanked section) and the NW end of Kirk Dam, where it widens again to include the dam and its associated features, reaching a maximum width of 70m before narrowing to 15m again for its final stretch which terminates at a small bridge approximately 100m WNW of St Mary's Well. Statement of National Importance The monument is of national importance because it forms part of a series of aqueducts, or water-cuts, designed by the distinguished Scots engineer, Robert Thom. He died, and was buired, in Rothesay. The aqueducts and dam were constructed between 1811 and 1822 to provide a workable water-supply to Thom's cotton mills in Rothesay, and the ingenius way in which he wrung every last drop of water from off the landscape of central Bute is physically demonstrated by these remains and a lasting testimony to one of Scotland's notable engineers and inventors. References: Earls, A 1945, 'Robert Thom and his work on water power for the Rothesay cotton mills', Trans Buteshire Natur Hist Soc, vol.13, 129. Ferrier, J 1966, 'Robert Thom's water-cuts', Trans Glasgow Archaeol Soc, New, vol.15, 3, 129. RIGGHILL WIND FARM 1 APPENDIX 9.1 Appendix 9.1 Site Gazetteer Sharp, R, 'The Cotton Industry in Bute', Trans Buteshire Natur Hist Soc, vol.2, 12. Description from: http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/SM7112 (accessed on 12.06.2019) Site Number 2 Site Name Thom's Water Cuts, aqueduct (drain), N of Drumreoch to Reservoir Wood Type of Site Industrial: bridge, viaduct, aqueduct; inland water NRHE Number SM7117 Status Scheduled Monument Easting 209029 Northing 658546 Parish Kingarth Council Argyll And Bute Description Description The monument comprises a stretch of aqueduct, part of the Big Cut. The length of this stretch is approximately 1000m and extends by a sinuous route from the Stravannan Burn on the west to the west edge of the Moor Road beside Reservoir Wood. The aqueduct, now largely dry, measures up to 10m in width. The area to be scheduled includes the aqueduct as described and an area on either side in which traces of activities associated with its construction and use may survive, measuring 20m across and very approximately 1000m in length, extending from its start beside the Stravannan Burn to the W edge of Moor Road, as marked in red on the accompanying map extract. Statement of National Importance The monument is of national importance because it forms part of a series of aqueducts, or water-cuts, designed by the distinguished Scots engineer, Robert Thom. He died, and was buired, in Rothesay. The aqueducts and dam were constructed between 1811 and 1822 to provide a workable water-supply to Thom's cotton mills in Rothesay, and the ingenius way in which he wrung every last drop of water from off the landscape of central Bute is physically demonstrated by these remains and a lasting testimony to one of Scotland's notable engineers and inventors. References: Earls, A 1945, 'Robert Thom and his work on water power for the Rothesay cotton mills', Trans Buteshire Natur Hist Soc, vol.13, 129. Ferrier, J 1966, 'Robert Thom's water-cuts', Trans Glasgow Archaeol Soc, New, vol.15, 3, 129. Sharp, R, 'The Cotton Industry in Bute', Trans Buteshire Natur Hist Soc, vol.2, 12. Description from: http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/SM7117 (accessed on 12.06.2019) Site Number 3 Site Name Craigmarloch Wood, fort RIGGHILL WIND FARM 2 APPENDIX 9.1 Appendix 9.1 Site Gazetteer Site Name Craigmarloch Wood, fort Type of Site Prehistoric domestic and defensive: fort (includes hill fort and promontory fort) NRHE Number SM4379 Status Scheduled Monument Easting 234444 Northing 671854 Parish Kilmacolm Council Inverclyde Description Description The site consists of a palisaded enclosure (not visible on the surface), within which a dense artifact rich occupation layer was found. This was superseded by a timber laced fort. The area enclosed by the palisade and rampart (and by two annexes, to the SW and NE, of unknown but probably Iron Age date) lies on top of a craggy hill at the 500' contour. An area 90m E-W and 80m N-S on the hill is proposed for scheduling. Visible on the surface are the main fort and enclosure and the annexes. The fort measures approximately 52m E-W and 30m N-S. Excavation has shown that the wall is 3m thick, with roughly built faces of undressed blocks; much information on the timber-lacing of the wall was recovered. Below, and therefore predating the wall, was discovered a dense occupation layer, which produced large quantities of pottery and other finds. Outside the wall of the fort, at the NW end, a palisade bedding trench was discovered; this is a defensive feature enclosing the occupation layer. The complete course of the palisade is not known, but it is assumed that it enclosed an area similar to the fort. To the SW and NE of the main enclosure are two walled annexes of irregular shape. The walls of both were sectioned. The SW wall proved to be of massive construction; the NE one showed construction techniques similar to the main wall. Both annexes are almost certainly associated with the fort. Statement of National Importance The site is nationally important as a fine example of a lowland vitrified fort. It is important for the archaeological evidence sampled in the strictly limited 1960s excavations: the sequence of palisade to fort, the early and late dates, the large mass of well contexted Iron Age finds, and the details of rampart construction techniques. The bulk of the fort remains undug and modern excavation may reveal much more information. The site is important to the themes of prehistoric vitrified forts and palisaded settlements, prehistoric settlement and defence and prehistoric technology. References RCAHMS record the site as NS 37 SW 8. Description from: http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/SM4379 (accessed on 12.06.2019) Site Number 4 Site Name Duchal Castle Type of Site Secular: castle NRHE Number SM5522 Status Scheduled Monument Easting 233460 RIGGHILL WIND FARM 3 APPENDIX 9.1 Appendix 9.1 Site Gazetteer Easting 233460 Northing 668518 Parish Kilmacolm Council Inverclyde Description Description The monument consists of the remains of Duchal Castle, an extensive 13th century fortified site. The castle is naturally well defended on a piece of ground cut off steeply on the N and S by the confluence of the Green Water and the Blackwater burn. The site was originally surrounded by a massive enceinte wall, several portions of which survive on the N and E. It is made of random rubble and is approximately 5m high on the E. The wall varies in thickness from 1.5 to 2.5m. In the NE section of wall there is a deep chute dropping to the river which may have been a well or garderobe. In the SE portion on a rock outcrop 5-6m high are the footings of a Keep, 9m square over walls 1-1.5m thick. In the W portion there was a substantial ditch which meant that the site was almost detached from the surrounding land mass. Much of this ditch has been filled in to accommodate the road and a passing place. The area to be scheduled is irregular and measures a maximum of 90m NW-SE by 40m NE-SW, to include the castle, as shown in red on the accompanying map. Statement of National Importance The monument is of national importance because it was a 13th-century fortress of substantial proportions. Although the remains are somewhat diminished in strength, the site preserves evidence for defensive architecture and domestic occupation. Its importance is further enhanced by the historic evidence for its siege by James IV in 1489 when it was held by the Earl of Lennox.