International Journal of Scientific Research in _______________________________ Research Paper . Computer Science and Engineering Vol.5, Issue.2, pp.81-87, April (2017) E-ISSN: 2320-7639 Investigation of Manual and Automation Testing using Assorted Approaches Shruti Malve1* and Pradeep Sharma2 1Dept. of Computer Science, Govt. Holkar Science (Autonomous) College, Indore, India 2Dept. of Computer Science, Govt. Holkar Science (Autonomous) College, Indore, India Corresponding Author: [email protected] Available online at: www.isroset.org Received 15th Mar 2017, Revised 29th Mar 2017, Accepted 25th Apr 2017, Online 30th Apr 2017 Abstract- Testing means “revealing a person's capabilities by putting them under strain; challenging”. Software testing exist a vast domain, but it may be classify into two way: manual testing and automated testing. In manual testing, test cases are executed (run) manually without any help from tools/scripts, but with automated testing, test cases are executed (run) with the help of tools, scripts, and software. Software testing is expensive, labor intensive and consume more time in a software development life cycle. There was forever a need in software testing to decrease the testing time. The type of testing (manual or automated) depends on various factors, adding project need, budget, timeline, expertise, and suitability. Three fundamental factors of any project are of course time, cost, and quality – the objective of any successful project is to diminish the cost and time required to complete it successfully while maintaining quality output. When it comes to testing, one type may accomplish this goal better than the other. This paper presents the concept of automation and manual testing and problem with manual testing and benefit of automatic testing. The main objective of this paper is to conduct a comparative study of Manual and Automation testing Method based on Accuracy, Bug detection, Efforts, cost and Time. Keyword-Software Testing, Manual Testing, Automation Testing I. INTRODUCTION the necessities are frequently changing & huge amount of regression testing is required to be performed. [1], [2], [3], The motive of software testing technique is to recognize all [4]. the errors exists in a software product. It is a procedure to exercise and evolution a system or its component by manual The overall work of Research Paper is divided into five automatic means to authenticate that it satisfies particular parts, First we describe Related Work, second part conduct requirements or to recognize differences between expected Methodology, third part present the comparison of software and actual results. Testing activity can be conducted in to testing techniques, Fourth part presents the Result, and two ways: Manual testing & automation testing. Any kind of finally fifth part conclude the Research Paper. software testing can be complete by manually and by automation tool. Manual testing is in which the testing II. RELATED WORK activity is executed by testing persons. SOFTWARE TESTING Manual Testing is a procedure where in a tester usually Software testing is procedure that ensures the value of the follows a documented test plan which leads them with in a product to its stakeholders with information about the set of important test-cases. In a software testing a test-case superiority of the product. It is the method of evaluating a is group of terms written for particular applications & tester system by manual automatic means to recognize differences run all these Conditions to make sure the correct between expected and real results. [5][6]. functionality of the software applications. Automated software testing’s the finest way to increase the Fig. 1. Shows Mode of Testing Based on test execution, is effectiveness, efficiency and coverage of software testing. divided into two categories. Automation testing requires considerable amount of 1. Manual Testing investment for buying the software & compatible hardware 2. Automation testing resources. Automation testing does what manual testing does not. Automation testing improves the accuracy & it saves the time of the tester & organization’s money. Automation testing is best suited in the environment where © 2017, IJSRCSE All Rights Reserved 81 Int. J. Sci. Res. in Computer Science and Engineering Vol-5(2), Apr 2017, E-ISSN: 2320-7639 White Box Testing – This is a testing method which is based on information of the interior logic of an application’s code and also identified as Glass box Testing. It means its works on interior working of code in the system. Integration Testing – In integration testing, the individual parts of the system/application are joint and tested as a group. Integration testing follow unit testing and precedes system testing. [9] Fig. 1 Types of software Testing System Testing – It is a method to test whole system. System Testing (ST) is a black-box testing procedure 1. Manual Testing Manual testing is a testing method in which a person initiate performed to assess the whole system the system's every test, interacts with it, and compile, analyzes and fulfillment against specified necessities. reports the outcome. When there is a functioning that the Unit Testing – A unit may be defined as “the smallest test-cases is run without tester than Software testing is called possible testable software component”. A unit is the automated. [7] least testable element of an application. Unit tests focus Manual testing is a testing procedure in which the test on functionality and reliability, and they typically engineer organize test-case manually and execute them to consist of a cycle of stand-alone tests. recognize bugs in the software. It is old way of software Acceptance Testing – Acceptance testing, a testing testing. Manual testing is a painstaking movement that procedure performed to find out whether or not the requires the tester to have a certain set of qualities; to be software system has meet the requirement specifications. observant, creative, innovative, open-minded, and skillful. The main motive of this test is to estimate the system's Repetitive manual testing may be not easy to execute on big compliance with the business requirements and verify if software applications. Manual testing have many problems it is has met the required criteria for delivery to end like: it is very time consuming procedure, not reusable, has users. no scripting capability, huge effort required, and some bugs remain uncovered. [8]. A. Benefits of manual testing 1. If Test Cases have to be run a small number of times it's We may categorize manual testing in following kinds of more likely to perform manual testing. testing which is indicates in Fig. 2. These are, 2. It permit the tester to execute additional ad-hoc (random testing). 3. It requires minimum cost B. Drawbacks of manual testing 1. Manual tests may be extremely time consuming. 2. Manual testing requires more testers to perform testing. C. Limitations of Manual Testing 1. Performing manual testing is a boring activity for a testers. It needs to check each link on the site and every facts of the product under test. 2. It requires so much time for testing. We have to do same operations again & again. Regression testing is being used for checking bugs after making modification on one fraction of the software have negative effects on Fig. 2 Types of Manual Testing the other fraction of software. 3. Manual testing is time consuming, error prone and need Black Box Testing – –Black-Box testing method is used lot of infrastructure and manpower[10]. to test the functionalities and needs of the software/system. It doesn’t test the internal fraction of 2. Automation Testing the system. Black-Box Testing is testing without In compare to manual testing, automated testing automates awareness of the interior working of the application not only test-case execution, but also test-case generation under test (AUT). Also known as functional testing or and test result verification. A completely automated testing input output- driven testing. system is work without any user interference.[11]. © 2017, IJSRCSE All Rights Reserved 82 Int. J. Sci. Res. in Computer Science and Engineering Vol-5(2), Apr 2017, E-ISSN: 2320-7639 Automated tests perform a series of events without user Complexity intervention. It is also defined as a testing a system with With the increase in the number of requirements that different data sets continuously without intervention of are to be tested, this leads to more and more complexity human. Simply automated testing is automating the manual which makes the maintenance of test data extremely testing method currently in use. Automation is the utilize of difficult. strategies, toolset. Automation testing uses automation testing tools. The job of automation testing tool is to test the C. Limitations of Automation Testing intended task and to cut down the human effort. Automation Automation cannot replace manual testing: Not all testing is faster than manual testing and it is more reliable testing tasks may be easily automated, especially those since it performs every test case with precision. [12][13] that require widespread knowledge in a domain. Difficulty in maintenance of test automation: Change A. Benefits of automation testing in technology and evolution of software products leads Fast: Automation is less time consuming than manual to difficulty in preserve automated tests. testing. Process of test automation needs time to mature: Repeatable: Repetition of data or content can be Creating the infrastructure and tests for automation easily achieved by automation tools in no time. requires time, hence maturity of automation (and related Reusable: It can be operated on different version of benefits) requires time the software. False expectations: Firms/Companies have impractical Load & Performance Testing: No viable manual expectations when it comes to AST with the aim of alternative exists [14] saving as much cost as possible. Programmable: Testers should be check hidden Inappropriate test automation strategy: An information at advance level.