PROCEEDINGS of 2nd International Conference “Global Warming and the Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia: Social Adaptation to the Changes of the Terrestrial Ecosystem, with an Emphasis on Water Environments” and the 7th Annual International Workshop "C/H2O/Energy balance and climate over boreal and arctic regions with special emphasis on eastern Eurasia" 8-11 October, 2013 Yakutsk, Russia CONTENTS Preface ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Purpose .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Key themes ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Organizing committee ...................................................................................................................... 4 Program of the conference ............................................................................................................... 5 I GLOBAL FEATURES OF CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE NORTHERN ECOSYSTEMS Global warming and changes in Siberian terrestrial environments Tetsuya HIYAMA, Toru SAKAI, Shamil MAKSYUTOV, Heonsook KIM, Takahiro SASAI, Yasushi YAMAGUCHI, Atsuko SUGIMOTO, Shunsuke TEI, Takeshi OHTA, Ayumi KOTANI, Kazukiyo YAMAMOTO, Takeshi YAMAZAKI, Kazuhiro OSHIMA, Hotaek PARK, Trofim C. MAXIMOV and Alexander N. FEDOROV ................................................................................ 13 Comparison of "Biosphere-Climate" Global Small-Scale Model and Regional Siberian Ecosystem Models in Studies of Greenhouse Effect Mechanism Andrei G. DEGERMENDZHI, Sergey I. BARTSEV, Yuriy V. BARKHATOV and Pavel V. BELOLIPETSKIY .................................................................................................................... 16 Global climate warming and its bioecological consequences in Yakutia – the coldest region of Siberia Nikita G. SOLOMONOV .............................................................................................................................. 20 Research activities on Arctic ecosystems of Indigirka lowland in eastern Siberia Atsuko SUGIMOTO and Trofim C. MAXIMOV ........................................................................................ 22 Stomatal cavity water vapor deficit in intact leaves of some Siberian trees Pavel VORONIN, Ayal MAKSIMOV , Trofim MAXIMOV and Galina FEDOSEEVA ........................ 24 The consequences of climate change in Yakutia: the socio - economic challenges for rural communities Lilia VINOKUROVA ..................................................................................................................................... 27 Net ecosystem water use efficiency over two larch forests at eastern Siberia Ayumi KOTANI, Alexander V. KONONOV, Takeshi OHTA, Trofim C. MAXIMOV ............................ 30 Dynamics of vertebrate animal populations in Central Yakutia for the last 150 years in conditions of climate change and intensification of anthropogenic press Nikolai I. GERMOGENOV, Nikita G. SOLOMONOV, Zakhar BORISOV, Konstantin SOLOMONOV ............................................................................................................................ 32 Long-term simulation of soil condition and energy flux in eastern Siberian taiga forests Takeshi YAMAZAKI ...................................................................................................................................... 35 I I Spatio –temporal variations in permafrost and boreal forest degradations in central Yakutia Yoshihiro IIJIMA, Alexander N. FEDOROV , Trofim C. MAXIMOV, Konomi ABE, Hajime ISE and Tadashi MASUZAWA ........................................................................................................ 39 II HUMAN-NATURE INTERACTIONS IN A CHANGING CLIMATE Nature-human coevolution in the coldmost region of the planet Nikita G. SOLOMONOV, Victor P. NOGOVITSIN, Anatoly GOGOLEV, Roman V. DESYATKIN ................................................................................................................................. 42 Assessment of the impact of climate change on transport infrastructure Yakutia Sardana BOYAKOVA .................................................................................................................................... 45 The nature words in Sakha, compared with other Turkic languages Fuyuki EBATA ................................................................................................................................................ 49 Adaptation to extreme impacts of climate change: the experience of the villages of Yakutia Viktoriya FILIPPOVA ..................................................................................................................................... 52 Features of adaptation of the Russkoye Ustye community to the ecosystem of the Indigirka River estuary Tuyara GAVRILIEVA, Igor CHIKACHEV ................................................................................................. 54 Reindeer herding of Northern Khanty and forest Nenets in the post-soviet era Yuka OISHI...................................................................................................................................................... 59 The influence of human activities on forest fires Mikhail S. VASILIEV, Vladimir S. SOLOVYEV ........................................................................................ 63 Folk Meteorology of the Yakuts: History and the Present Sardana I. BOYAKOVA, Tatyana MAKSIMOVA....................................................................................... 66 The Evolution of Climate and Economy: the Presentation, Opinions and Estimates of Horse Breeders of Yakutia Vanda IGNATYEVA ....................................................................................................................................... 70 Effects of Global Warming On Reindeer Husbandry and Resource Dynamics – a simulation analysis by System Dynamics Model Masaru KAGATSUME and Eitaroh NAKASHOUYA ............................................................................... 74 Reindeer Herders and Environmental Change in the Oimyakon District, Sakha Republic Atsushi NAKADA .......................................................................................................................................... 78 II II III CLIMATIC RESPONSES OF CARBON, WATER AND ENERGY CYCLES IN NORTHERN ECOSYSTEMS Flows of hydrocarbons in the northern ecosystems and their influence on the state of the contemporary climate Sara LIFSHITS, Vladimir SPEKTOR, Boris KERSHENGOLTS .............................................................. 82 Estimation of regional water cycle changes by various land-cover-change scenarios in eastern Siberia Ryuhei YOSHIDA, Masahiro SAWADA, Takeshi YAMAZAKI, Takeshi OHTA, Tetsuya HIYAMA ........................................................................................................................................... 86 Characteristics of energy balance within a permafrost black spruce forest in interior Alaska, for intercomparison study with a larch forest in eastern Siberia Taro NAKAI, Takeshi OHTA, Tomo’omi KUMAGAI ............................................................................... 90 Spatial patterns of precipitation in Siberia: Where does the snow come from? Eddy MOORS, Obbe TUINENBURG, Ronald HUTJES and Cor JACOBS ........................................... 94 Carbon budget of thermokarst depression on example of Ulakhan-Sukkhan alas Alexey DESYATKIN ...................................................................................................................................... 97 The ecological factors impact on methane fluxes in the ecosystem of meso-oligotrophic peatland Oleg A. MIKHAYLOV, Mikhail N. MIGLOVETS and Svetlana V. ZAGIROVA ................................... 100 Catastrophic floodings on the Alazeya River valley (North-East Yakutia) as a consequence of the air temperatures increasing Aytalina EFIMOVA ......................................................................................................................................... 103 Interannual variations of soil CO2-efflux in larch forests of Central and South-Eastern Yakutia Alexander V. KONONOV, Roman E. PETROV, Ayal P. MAKSIMOV, Trofim C. MAXIMOV ............ 106 The temporal variability of atmospheric CO2 over middle taiga ecosystems in central Siberia from 2006 to 2012 years Anastasiya TIMOKHINA, Anatoly PROKUSHKIN, Alexander ONUCHIN, Alexey PANOV, Jan WINDERLICH, Martin HEIMANN ...................................................................................................... 109 Methane measurements at Polar Geocosmophysical Observatory “Tixie” Vadim S. STARODUBTSEV, Vladimir S. SOLOVYEV ............................................................................ 112 Impacts of water and carbon dioxide fluxes on waterlogging in an eastern Siberia larch forest during 1998 -2011 Takeshi OHTA, Ayumi KOTANI, Yoshihiro IIJIMA, Trofim C. MAXIMOV, Syugo ITO, Miho HANAMURA, Alexander V. KONONOV, Ayal P. MAXIMOV ..................................................... 115 III III Contribution of LAI and stomatal conductance to canopy conductance in eastern Siberian larch forest Atsushi SAITO, Ayumi KOTANI, Takeshi OHTA, Trofim C.MAXIMOV, Alexander V. KONONOV .............................................................................................................................