Making an imPACt particular, results of the human error study would be publications on human errors, ISO and JCGM docu- useful for validating the analytical method and formu- ments, and articles of the task group on the topic. lation of the SOP, as well as for training and for super- The task group thanks E. Bashkansky, E. Kardash vision. The map of possible human error scenarios, in- and P. Goldshlag (Israel) and W. Bich (Italy) for their cluded in the validation report, may also be useful as a help; Springer Science+Business Media (www.spring- checklist for the prior assessment of an analyst before er.com), Elsevier (www.elsevier.com), Bureau Interna- assigning the task, etc. tional des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) and IOP Publishing (www.ioppublishing.org) for permissions to use mate- References and Acknowledgments rial from the published papers cited in the Guide. The Guide of the International Union of Pure and Ap- plied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the Cooperation on In- Dr. Ilya Kuselman <[email protected]> National Physical ternational Traceability (CITAC) was developed by the Laboratory of Israel (INPL), Jerusalem, Israel; National University of task group: I. Kuselman (Chair, Israel), F. Pennecchi (It- Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow, Russia; currently Independent aly), A. Fajgelj (Austria), S.L.R. Ellison (UK), Y. Karpov Consultant on Metrology. Dr. Francesca Pennecchi <f.pennecchi@inrim. (Russia) and M. Epstein (Israel). The sponsoring bod- it> Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Turin, Italy. Dr. ies: IUPAC Analytical Chemistry Division, IUPAC Inter- Kuselman and Dr. Pennecchi are also involved in a project titled “Risks of divisional Working Party on Harmonization of Quality conformity assessment of a multicomponent material or object in relation Assurance, and CITAC. to measurement uncertainty of its test results” (IUPAC project 2016-007- The Guide includes 52 references to basic 1-500, initiated in June 2016, www.iupac.org/project/2016-007-1-500). IUPAC Provisional Recommendations Provisional Recommendations are drafts of IUPAC recommendations on terminology, nomenclature, and symbols, made widely available to allow interested parties to comment before the recommendations are finally revised and published in IUPAC’s journal Pure and Applied Chemistry. Full text is available online. Names and Symbols of the The guidelines for naming the elements were re- Elements With Atomic Numbers 113, cently revised [3] and shared with the discoverers to assist in their proposals. Keeping with tradition, newly 115, 117, and 118 discovered elements can be named after: Following earlier reports that the claims for discovery (a) a mythological concept or character (including an of these elements have been fulfilled [1,2], the discov- astronomical object), erers have been invited to propose names and the fol- (b) a mineral or similar substance, lowing are disclosed for public review: (c) a place, or geographical region, (d) a property of the element, or nihonium and symbol Nh, for the element with Z = 113, (e) a scientist. moscovium and symbol Mc,for the element with Z = 115, The names of all new elements in general would have tennessine and symbol Ts, for the element with Z = 117, an ending that reflects and maintains historical and oganesson and symbol Og, for the element with Z = 118. chemical consistency. This would be in general “-ium” for elements belonging to groups 1-16, “-ine” for ele- The IUPAC Inorganic Chemistry Division has reviewed ments of group 17, and “-on” for elements of group 18. and considered these proposals and recommends Finally, the names for new chemical elements in En- these for acceptance. A five-month public review is set, glish should allow proper translation into other major expiring 8 November 2016, prior to the formal approval languages. by the IUPAC Council. For the element with atomic number 113, the discoverers 30 CHEMISTRY International September-October 2016 IUPAC Provisional Recommendations 1 IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements 18 1 2 H He hydrogen helium [1.007, 1.009] 2 Key: 13 14 15 16 17 4.003 of superheavy elements and signifi cant advances in 3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10 Li Be Symbol B C N O F Ne lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon [6.938, 6.997] 9.012 standard atomic weight [10.80, 10.83] [12.00, 12.02] [14.00, 14.01] [15.99, 16.00] 19.00 20.18 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 the nuclear physics of superheavy nuclei, including ex- Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon 22.99 [24.30, 24.31] 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 26.98 [28.08, 28.09] 30.97 [32.05, 32.08] [35.44, 35.46] 39.95 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton 39.10 40.08 44.96 47.87 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.38(2) 69.72 72.63 74.92 78.97 [79.90, 79.91] 83.80 perimental evidence for the “island of stability”. 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon 85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.95 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3 55 56 57-71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Cs Ba lanthanoids Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon 132.9 137.3 178.5 180.9 183.8 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 [204.3, 204.4] 207.2 209.0 87 88 89-103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 Fr Ra actinoids Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Uut Fl Uup Lv Uus Uuo francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium ununtrium flerovium ununpentium livermorium ununseptium ununoctium References: 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium 138.9 140.1 140.9 144.2 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0 1. P.J. Karol, R.C. Barber, B.M. Sherrill, E. Vardaci, T. 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium 232.0 231.0 238.0 Yamazaki, (2016) Pure Appl. Chem. :139; http:// For notes and updates to this table, see www.iupac.org. This version is dated 8 January 2016. 88 Copyright © 2016 IUPAC, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0502 113 115 117 118 Nh Mc Ts Og 2. P.J. Karol, R. C. Barber, B. M. Sherrill, E. Vardaci, T. Yamazaki, (2016) Pure Appl. Chem. 88:155; http:// at RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0501 (Japan) proposed the name nihonium and the sym- 3. W.H. Koppenol, J. Corish, J. Garcia-Martinez, J. bol Nh. Nihon is one of the two ways to say “Japan” in Meija, J. Reedijk, (2016) Pure Appl. Chem. 88:401; Japanese, and literally means “the Land of Rising Sun”. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0802 The name is proposed to make a direct connection to the nation where the element was discovered. Element Comments by 8 November 2016 113 is the fi rst element to have been discovered in an Asian country. Corresponding Author: Jan Reedijk, [email protected] For the element with atomic number 115, the name www.iupac.org/recommendation/names-and-symbols-of-the-elements- proposed is moscovium with the symbol Mc and for with-atomic-numbers-113-115-117-and-118/ element with atomic number 117, the name proposed is tennessine with the symbol Ts. These are in line with tradition, honoring a place or geographical region, and Preferred Names of Constitutional are proposed jointly by the discoverers at the Joint Units for Use in Structure-based Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russia), Oak Names of Polymers Ridge National Laboratory (USA), Vanderbilt Univer- sity (USA), and Lawrence Livermore National Labora- A list of constitutional units (CU) used for naming tory (USA). polymers according to IUPAC nomenclature rules is Moscovium is in recognition of the Moscow region provided. This list contains CUs of commercial and and honors the ancient Russian land that is the home well-known polymers, as well as CUs which have been of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, where the used in polymer-nomenclature-related IUPAC docu- discovery experiments were conducted using the Dub- ments.