The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T151821A565126 Stenocereus stellatus Assessment by: Arias, S. & Zavala-Hurtado, A. View on www.iucnredlist.org Citation: Arias, S. & Zavala-Hurtado, A. 2013. Stenocereus stellatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T151821A565126. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013- 1.RLTS.T151821A565126.en Copyright: © 2015 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale, reposting or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. For further details see Terms of Use. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; Microsoft; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; Wildscreen; and Zoological Society of London. If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown in this document, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ Taxonomy Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Plantae Tracheophyta Magnoliopsida Caryophyllales Cactaceae Taxon Name: Stenocereus stellatus (Pfeiff.) Riccob. Synonym(s): • Cereus stellatus Pfeiff. Taxonomic Source(s): Hunt, D., Taylor, N. and Charles, G. (compilers and editors). 2006. The New Cactus Lexicon. dh Books, Milborne Port, UK. Taxonomic Notes: This species can be easily confused with S. treleasei. Assessment Information Red List Category & Criteria: Least Concern ver 3.1 Year Published: 2013 Date Assessed: April 27, 2009 Justification: Stenocereus stellatus is listed as Least Concern due to a relatively wide range, abundant populations, and its occurrence in protected areas. Geographic Range Range Description: This species is endemic to Mexico, where it is distributed in the states of Morelos, Oaxaca and Puebla (Arias et al. 1997). Its distribution is clearly restricted to hot and dry regions of the Tehuacán Valley and the portion of the Balsas catchment that includes the northeast of Oaxaca and southeast of Puebla (Casas-Fernández and Caballero-Nieto 1997). It grows at elevations of 500 to 2,000 m asl. Country Occurrence: Native: Mexico (Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla) © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Stenocereus stellatus – published in 2013. 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151821A565126.en Population Populations are abundant in both native and cultivated regions (species is dispersed by people). In the Tehuacán Valley and the Mixteca Baja region, densities for S. stellatus range from 22 to 567 individuals/hectare (Casas et al. 1997). For the same region, Luna-Morales and Rogelio-Aguirre (2001) report the following densities (individuals/hectare) for this species in different environments and levels of disturbance: Low disturbed tropical deciduous forest = 42.42 ind/ha, Disturbed tropical deciduous forest = 19.99 ind/ha, Highly disturbed tropical deciduous forest = 107.90 ind/ha, Highly disturbed thorny scrub = 184.46 ind/ha, Disturbed thorny scrub = 21.13 ind/ha. Current Population Trend: Stable Habitat and Ecology (see Appendix for additional information) The species inhabits tropical deciduous forest and xerophyllous scrub. Flowers are produced between June and September, and fruits in October (Arias et al. 1997). Systems: Terrestrial Use and Trade (see Appendix for additional information) The species has several uses: edible fruit, fodder, alcoholic drinks, edible flowers and stems, and fuel wood. Fruits are collected from wild populations and are also cultivated for household consumption and local trade (Casas 2002). Used as fence post and ornamental plant. Threats There are no threats, in addition this species is tolerant to some degree of habitat change. Conservation Actions (see Appendix for additional information) S. stellatus occurs within the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve and in Sierra de Huatla Biosphere Reserve. This species would benefit from studies on its basic ecology and its population size and trends. Credits Assessor(s): Arias, S. & Zavala-Hurtado, A. Reviewer(s): Superina, M. & Goettsch, B.K. Facilitators(s) and Goettsch, B.K. Compiler(s): © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Stenocereus stellatus – published in 2013. 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151821A565126.en Bibliography Arias, M.S., Gama, S. and Guzmán, U. 1997. Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán. Fasículo 14. Cactaceae A.L. Juss. Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Mexico. Casas, A. 2002. Uso y manejo de cactáceas columnares mesoamericanas. Catáceas y Suculentas Mexicanas XLVIII(1): 11-18. Casas, A. J. Caballero, B. Pickersgill & A. Valiente-Banuet. 1997. Ethnobotany and domestication in Xoconostli, Stenocereus stellatus (Cactaceae) in Tehuacán Valley and La Mixteca Baja, Mexico. Economic Botany 51(3): 279-292. Casas-Fernández, A. & J. Caballero-Nieto. 1997. Diversidad morfológica y genética de xoconochtli Stenocereus stellatus (Pfeiffer) Riccob, (Cactaceae): conocimiento, uso y estrategias para su conservación. CONABIO, Mexico City. IUCN. 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2013.1). Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 12 June 2013). Luna-Morales, C. del C. , J. Rogelio-Aguirre. 2001. Clasificación tradicional, aprovechamiento y distribución ecológica de la pitaya Mixteca en México. Interciencia 26(1): 18-24. Citation Arias, S. & Zavala-Hurtado, A. 2013. Stenocereus stellatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T151821A565126. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151821A565126.en Disclaimer To make use of this information, please check the Terms of Use. External Resources For Images and External Links to Additional Information, please see the Red List website. © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Stenocereus stellatus – published in 2013. 3 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151821A565126.en Appendix Habitats (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes) Major Season Suitability Habitat Importance? 1. Forest -> 1.5. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry Resident Suitable Yes 3. Shrubland -> 3.5. Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry Resident Suitable Yes Use and Trade (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes) End Use Local National International Food - human Yes No No Food - animal Yes No No Construction or structural materials Yes No No Pets/display animals, horticulture Yes No No Establishing ex-situ production * No No No Conservation Actions in Place (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes) Conservation Actions in Place In-Place Land/Water Protection and Management Occur in at least one PA: Yes In-Place Education Included in international legislation: Yes Subject to any international management/trade controls: Yes Research Needed (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes) Research Needed 1. Research -> 1.2. Population size, distribution & trends 1. Research -> 1.3. Life history & ecology © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Stenocereus stellatus – published in 2013. 4 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151821A565126.en Additional Data Fields Distribution Lower elevation limit (m): 500 Upper elevation limit (m): 2000 Population Population severely fragmented: No © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Stenocereus stellatus – published in 2013. 5 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151821A565126.en The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T151821A565126 The IUCN Red List Partnership The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; Microsoft; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; Wildscreen; and Zoological Society of London. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Stenocereus stellatus – published in 2013. 6 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T151821A565126.en.