Romanesque&Gothic Art Name:_____________ /38 Grade10 -Romanesque& Painting GothicQuestions Paintinginthe 1.PaintersduringtheGothicand Romanesque and Duccio,Calling Romanesqueperiodwere Gothic erahadcomea ofthe Apostles, experimentingwithnewtechniques andmovingfurtherawayfrom longwayfromthe c.1310Italy. whatpastimageryandstyle?(1) Medievalpredecessors Painterswerenow experimentingwith 2.Whatmaterialdidmanypainters differenttechniques, duringtheGothicperiodstart compositionsand paintingwith?(1) styles,andpushing furtherandfurther awayfromthestatic gold-encrusted 3.Comparethedepictionoffigures imageryofthe inGiotto'sLamentationwiththe Byzantinestyle.Many figuresdepictedintheearlier artistsduringthe St.JohnfromtheFranco-Saxon Gothicperiodbegan GospelsfromtheMiddle Ages. paintingwithegg Listtwostylisticdifferences tempra. betweentheworks.(2) Twoofthemost 1. famouspainterswere DuccioandGiotto,both innovatorsintheirown right. 2. Howdotheirpaintings comparetopaintings we'veseeninthe Middle Ages? Catacombs St.JohnfromtheFranco-Saxon /4 Giotto,Lamentation,c.1305,Italy. Gospels.(Middle Ages:850 A.D.) Architecture-TwoStyles:Romanesque&Gothic 4.WherewereRomanesque churchesoftenbuiltandwhy?(2) Churchespredominated architecture,andmostofthe sculptureproducedduring theseperiodswasforchurch 5. TheRomanesquestyleof decoration. architecturebeginsandendsat approximatelywhatdates?(1) TheRomanesque style coverstheearlierperiod,from about AD1000tothemid 6.Whatdoestheterm Romanesquemean?(1) 12thcentury(1150). TheGothic stylepicksup 7.Makeasketchofthefloorplanof around AD1150andlasts thechurchofSt.Serninandlabelthe untiltheRenaissanceinthe 6sections.(7) 16thcentury.(although sometimesthestylesoverlap dependingonlocation) TheChurchofSt.Sernin,Toulouse France, AD1080-1120. FloorPlan,St.Sernin. Theterm “Romanesque ” referstothestyleof 8.Comparethefloorplansof architecturecontainingboth St.Serninwiththeearly Christian RomanandByzantine Basilica. Listtwoarchitectural elementsandalsorefers similaritiesandtwodifferences.(4) directlytotheRomanarch Similarities throughtheuseofthe 1. roundbarrelvault. 2. Romanesquechurches Differences wereoftenusedbuiltalong 1. pilgrimage routes,andas 2. suchweredesignedto accommodatealarge 9.Makeasketchofa NaveofSt.Sernin Interior Apse EarlyChristianBasilica Romanesquearchandvault, . numberofworshipers. (InteriorBarrelVaults) RadiatingChapel, AD.3-5th whatshapedoesitlooklike?(2 ) St.Sernin. /17 Inordertoaccommodatethecrowds,twomoreaisles weretypicallyconstructed( nave and transept ), aswasacircularaisle ,calledan ambulatory . Also, chapelsradiating outfromthe ambulatory werecommon,andalsotheroundarches and barrelvaultceiling , Gothic Architecture: 10.Whatisthenameofthefirst Gothicchurchandwhowas AbbotSuger& AbbeyofSt.Denis responsibleforbuildingit?(2) Gothicchurches,incontrastto theshort,roundchurchesofthe Romanesqueperiod,were tall andlight looking. 11.Comparethefloorplans ofSt.Denis(Gothicsection)and ThefirstGothicchurchwasthe St.Sernin(Romanesquesection) AbbeyofSt.DenisinFrance andlisttwostylisticdifferences.(3) and AbbotSugerbuiltitin 1137-1144 AD. StylisticDifferences Hewantedtoopenthespace 1. upwithinthechurchand believedthattheshimmering lightwhichpassedthroughthe 2. stainedglasswindowswas “divine” andcouldtransportthe viewertoaplaceclosertoGod. 12.Whattwoarchitectural innovationsenabledGothic Themostdefiningfeaturesof churchestobebuiltmuchtaller anygothiccathedralisthe thenRomanesquechurches?(2) pointedarch,the flyingbuttresses, 1. ribvaults AbbeyofSt.Denis,France AbbeyofSt.Denis. Interiorchoir& andthelarge c.1137-1144andlater northtransept,stainglasswindows areasof stained 2. glass. 13.MakeasketchofaGothicarch, whatshapedoesitlooklike?(1) Abbey ofSt. 14.DuringtheGothicperiod, AbbeyofSt.Denis, Denis, productionofwhatmaterialgrew GothicRibVaults Flying Buttress andwasusedtohelpfillspace Diagram overentrancefacades?(1) St.Denis Floorplan /9 Closeuptophalf, LastJudgement, TympanumPortal, AbbeyChurchofSt.Foy, 15.Howarethefigures RomanesqueSculpture: arrangedinthetophalf ofthetympanumportal AbbeyChurch AbbeyChurchofSt. Foy?Whatmood/ ofSt.Foy feelingiscreatedas aresult?(2) Romanesquesculpture was usuallyverydynamicand dramatic. 16.Howarethe Areasofsculptureon figuresarrangedinthe churches,suchasinthe bottomhalfofthe tympanumportal,usually tympanumportal toldstoriesrelatingto AbbeyChurchofSt. Christianideology. Foy?Whatmood/ feelingiscreatedasa AbbeyChurchofSt.Foy, result?(2) France.TympanumPortal. c.1130 A.D. LastJudgement. GothicSculpture:BurgosCathedral Closeupbottomhalf,Last 17.Howarethefigures Judgement,St.Foy. arrangedinthetophalf Sculptureon ofthetympanum Gothic churches Theword “gargoyle ” portalfromthe waslessdynamic isfromtheLatinword, BurgosCathedral. thantheir “gurgulio”,whichhad Whatmood/feeling Romanesque adoublemeaning, iscreated counterparts. “throat”,andthe asaresult?(2) Howdoesthe “gurgling” sound tympanumshown watermakesasit heredifferfromthe passesthrough Romanesque one? agargoyle. A carved creaturethatdoes 18.Whatdoes notservethepurpose theterm ofadrainpipeis Gargoylemean BurgosCathedral, frequentlyreferredto andwhatisit Spain.c.1250 A.D. asa"Grotesque". frequently TympanumPortal referredtoas?(2) GargoylesfromBurgosCathedral& LastJudgement. AmiensCathedral,France.c.1220-1247 /8.