Freedom, justice and solidarity are the basic principles underlying the work of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS). KAS is a political foundation, closely associated with the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU). As co-founder of the CDU and the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Konrad Adenau- er (1876-1967) united Christian-social, conservative and liberal traditions. His name is synonymous with the democrat- ic reconstruction of Germany, the firm alignment of foreign policy with the trans atlantic community of values, the vision of a unified Europe and an orientation to- wards the social market economy. In our European and international cooperation with more than 70 offices abroad and projects in over 120 countries, we make a unique contribution to the promotion of democracy, the rule of law and a social market economy. The office in Cambodia has been es- tablished in 1994. KAS in Cambodia is mainly operating in the following fields: Administrative Reform and Decentralization, Strengthening Political Parties and Parliaments, Legal Reform, Media Development, Political Education and Social Market Economy, as well as Foreign Policy Consultancy. FREEDOM OF THE PRESS AND MEDIA REGULATION IN CAMBODIA Approaches and Options for Democratic Diversity Andreas Oldag With: Denis Schrey Lena Ruge Noyel Ry Martina Mayr Freedom, justice and solidarity are the basic principles underlying the work of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS). The KAS is a political foundation, closely associated with the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU). As co- founder of the CDU and the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Konrad Adenauer (1876-1967) united Christian-social, conservative and liberal traditions. His name is synonymous with the democratic reconstruction of Germany, the firm alignment of foreign policy with the trans- Atlantic community of values, the vision of a unified Europe and an orientation towards the social market economy. His intellectual heritage continues to serve both as our aim as well as our obligation today. The promotion of a free, responsible and ethical press in Cambodia is one of the key objectives of KAS work in Cambodia. Through working closely together with the leading Media Partners in Cambodia, the Department of Media and Communication and the Club of Cambopdian Journalists (CCJ) KAS promotes the development of a culture of constructive and critical dialogue promoted though free media. With studies and publications on Media development KAS also aims at contributing to the discussion on the further development of the legal framework in which media can operate. © Copyright 2015 by Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, Cambodia Publisher Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung House No. 4, Street 462 Khan Chamkar Mon P.O. Box 944 ISBN: 978-99963-907-1-5 Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia Tel: (855-23) 996 861 Fax: (855-23) 213 364 Email: [email protected] www.kas.de/kambodscha 9 789996 390715 www.kas.de/kambodscha Graphic Design & Layout by Christine Schmutzler Photo Cover by Ms. KHIEV Chakriya Printed in Cambodia ISBN: 978-99963-907-1-5 FREEDOM OF THE PRESS AND MEDIA REGULATION IN CAMBODIA Approaches and Options for Democratic Diversity Andreas Oldag With: Denis Schrey Lena Ruge Noyel Ry Martina Mayr TABLE OF CONTENT Preface ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................................................ 3 2 Key Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................................... 4 3 Freedom of the Press in Cambodia: Chances, Challenges and Risks ........................ 4 4 “State of the Media” in Cambodia .............................................................................................................................. 7 4.1 Television ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 4.2 Radio ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 4.3 Newspapers ......................................................................................................................................................................................10 4.4 Internet and Social Media ................................................................................................................................................ 11 5 Principles of Democratic Media Regulation ...............................................................................................12 5.1 The Internet Revolution: Challenges for Media and Journalists ............................................14 6 Case Study: Media Regulation in Germany .................................................................................................18 6.1 Broadcasting ...................................................................................................................................................................................18 6.1.1 Public Broadcasting ...........................................................................................................................................................18 6.1.2 Commercial Broadcasting ..........................................................................................................................................21 6.2 Press Law ............................................................................................................................................................................................22 7 The Outlook for Democratic Media Regulation in Cambodia..............................................24 7.1 Radio and Television ...............................................................................................................................................................25 7.1.1 Broadcasting Law ................................................................................................................................................................25 7.1.2 Independent Broadcasting Board (IBB) for Licensure ................................................................25 7.1.3 Responsibilities of the Independent Broadcasting Board (IBB) .......................................26 7.1.4 In-House Rules for Television and Radio ...................................................................................................26 7.2 The Press ............................................................................................................................................................................................29 7.2.1 Independent Press Council (IPC) and Ombudsman ......................................................................29 7.2.2 Tasks of the IPC and the Ombudsman ........................................................................................................30 7.2.3 Press Code of Ethics .........................................................................................................................................................31 7.3 Internet, Blogs and Social Media .............................................................................................................................32 8 Media, Competition and the Free Market ......................................................................................................33 References .......................................................................................................................................................................................................35 Appendicies ....................................................................................................................................................................................................37 Interview with Mr. Kem Gunawadh, Director of National Television of Cambodia (TVK) .................................................................................................37 Interview with H.E. Meach Sovannara, Chairman for Media and Information Department of the CNRP ...............................................................40 Interview with Neang Sovathana, Radio Producer Freelancer ...................................................................41 Code of Ethics for Cambodian Journalists .........................................................................................................................43 TVK Prime Time News Broadcast ................................................................................................................................................ 47 Cambodian Law on the Press .......................................................................................................................................................... 55 Guidelines for Broadcasts and Telemedia Offerings of the Second German Television Station ................................................................................................................................61 FREEDOM