/ DOCUMENT RESUME ED 218,528 CG 016 024 A TITLE . Health and Educational Effects...of Marijuanaon Youth._ Hearing Before the Subcommittee do Alcoholism and Drug Abuse of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, Ninety-Seventh Congress, First Sesgion (October 21.,1981). INSTITUTION Congress of the U.S., Washington,.D.C. Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources. PUB DATE 21 Oct 81 NOTE 137p. EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage.. PC Not Available, from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Adolescents; Cognitive Processes; *Drug Abuse; Drug' Education; *Drug Use; Hearings; *Marihuana; *Mental Health; *Physical Health; Physiology; Se6ondary , Education; Student Attitudes; *Youth Problem's' ABSTRACT These proceedings of a hearing before the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Subcommittee include testimony about the health and educational effects of marijuana on young people. The materials describe recent findings on the extent of. drug use among youth, recent changes in _druguse trends, and the consequences of marijuana use on health and intellectual functipning.. The report also outlinds °A, policies and, programs of the National' Institute of Drug Abuse. The effects of drug use-on driving, reproduci-dir,o motivation, moods and behavior are discussed. The testimonies include suggestions on how the government can assist parent groups, and what kinds of behaviors and attitudes parents- an&teackers should watch for when drug abuse is suspected. The statemei40 of witnesses such as psychiatrists, U.S. senators, pediatricians, substance abuse prevention program 'coordinators, and a pharmacologist are also included.(JAC) ,T 4 Z e . *****************************************************,****************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS. are the best that canbe made * . from the original document. u * $******************************,**************************************** . HEALTH ,AND! EDUCATIONAL _EFFECTS OF MARIJUANA' °ON YOUTH a-- 6 HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ALCOHOLISM AND DRUG ABUSE OP TRIO COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND HUMAN RESOURCES UNITED STATES SENATE ( NINETY-SEVENTH .CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON EXAMINATION OF THE HEALTH AND EDUCATIONAL EFFECTS A. OF MARIJUANA SON YOUTH z OCTOBER 21, 1981-\ . U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER I ERIC) eThis document NU been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it 'Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Pointd of view or opinions stated in,thisdocuf meat do not necessanly represent official NIE position or policy Printed for the use of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING FICE 87 aos o WASHINGTON : 1981 4 , . 1 COMMPITEE ON LABOR AND HUMAN RESOURCES . ORRIN G. HATCH, Utah, Chairman ROBERT T. STAFFORD, Vermont EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts DAN QUAYL.E. Indiana . JENNINGS RANDOLPH, West Virginia PAULA HAW,K4IS, Florida N A., WILLIAMS, an, New Jersey DON NICjiLES, Oklahoman. RNE PELL, Rhodb Island LOWELL P. WEICKER, Ja., Cbnnectictat THO Missouri GORDON J. HUMPHREY, Nevi Hampelnytet DONALDW.:,11.PEG 'JR., Michigan JEREMIAH DEN'ION, Alabama' e'). HOWARD bill.STZENBAUM, OhiO JOHN P. EAST, North, Caiollita' " rf 'GsoitasX. Chonsi. : 1k2q4 M. PAtillittaff *Director and General Counsel LA8CRINCE C. Hoitqwirz, M.D., Minority Staff Director < . i. .' I. z= &ilia) CAN AL, COHOLL9M AND DRUG ABUSE , .GOF1DON J. HUAIREY, New liampshire Chairman ., , ,, JEREMIAH DEMON, Alabama ,... DONALD NT RIEGLE, JR., Michigan ItARRLSON A. WILLIAMS,-Ja., New Jersey . ORRIN G. HATCH, Utah II f ,EDWARD Mt KENNEDY; Massachusetts 't : (Ex Officib). , NANCY F. Wouma,-Counsel ) SU,SAN MANES, Minority Professional Staff Meniber 11W 4 CONTENTS CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF WITNESSES WEDNESDAY, OCTQBER,21, 1981 e . , Page Po llin, William, M.D , Director, National Institute on Drug Abuse, accompa- nied by Jack Durell, M.D., Acting Deputy Director, National Instituteon Drug Abuse; 'and Marvin Snyder, Ph. p., Director, Division of Research, National Institute on Dritg Abuse Cohen, Sidney, M D., clinical professor of psychiatry,1 Neuropsychiatric Initi- tute, University of California at Los Angeles; Carol Grace Smith, Ph. D., associate professor, Department of Pharmacology,'fbchool of Medicine, Uni- formed Services University of the Health Sciences; Donald Ian Macdonald, , M D., pediatrician, Clearwater Pediatric Association, Clearwater, Fla; and Ingrid L. Lant,ner, -M.D., pediatrician, Erivide Clinic, Inc., Willoughby, _.,- /- , -, Ohio, a panel , / 57 -Riddile, Mel J.,M.D., coordinator, substance abuse prevention,. Fairfax County Public Schools, Fairfax County: Va., teprelentft the National As- sociation of Secondary School Principals; and Marsha Keith' Schuchard, Ph. D., associate director, PRIDE, Georgia State University sc100- , . STATEMENTS . .. - . Cohen, Sidney, M D , clinical professor of psychiatry,' Neuropsychiatric Insti' __,,tute, University of California at Los Angeles; Carol Grace Smith, Ph. D., associate professor, Department of Pharmaology, School of Medicine, Uhi-_ formed Services University of the Health Sciences; Donald Ian Macdonald, M.D., pediatrician, Clearwater Pediatric Association, Cleasrwater, Fla; and Ingrid L4Latilner, M.D., pediatrician, Erieside Clinic,i Inc., Willqkhby, - - Ohio, a panel a ! 57 Prepared statement ., -60 Denton, Wpm Jefemiab, a U.S. Senator from the State ofabama, prepared statement, , .i Hatch, Von. Orrin G., a U.S. Senatori from the ,State if Utah, prepared statement j a Lantner, Ingrid L., M.D. pediatrician, Erieside Clinic, I c., prepared state,i.. ment 84 Macdonald, Donald Ian, M.D, pediatrician, Cleat-Water Piatric Association, prepared statement 78 Pollin, Willian, M.D., Director, National Institute on Dru: Abuse, accompa- nied by Jack Durell, M.D., Acting Deputy Director, Na ional Instituteon Drug Abuse; and Marvin Snyder, Ph. D., Director, Diion of Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, . Piepared statement (with attachments) 12 Riddile, Mel J.,M.D., coordinator, substance abuse p evention, Flirfax County Public Schools, Fairfax*County, Va, representinthe National As- sociation- of Secondar3, School Principals; and Marsha Keith Schuchard, Ph. D., associate director, PRIDE, Georgia State Universi 100 Prepared statement ; J. 104 Schuchard, Marsha Keith, Ph D., associate 'director, PRI E, Georgia State University, prepared statement ' ds. ,120 Smith, Carol Grace, M.D., associate Professol.,,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medisine, Uniformed Servi&s University of thHealth Sciences, prepared statement 69 -: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Questions and answers: Responses of William Pollin, M.D., Director, National nstitute on Drug Abitpe to questions askell by Senator Humphrey 50 IV Questions and answersContinued Page Responses of Mel J Riddile, M,D, coordinator, substance abuse preven- , tion, Fairfax County Public Schools to questions asked by Senator ' 'Humphrey . 113 I ,0 1> 1 1 HEALT.11 AND cEDIXATiONAL EFFECTS OF MARIHUANA ON YOUTH WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 21, 198i . U.S. SENATE, SUBCOMMITTEE ON ALCOHOLISM AND fiRUG ABUSh OF THE COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND HUMANRESOURCES, Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met, 'pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., in room 4232, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Senator Gordon J. Humphrey (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Present: Senat9r Humphrey.. OPENING STATEMENT OF SENATOR HUMPHREY Senator HUMPHREY. Good morning. This morning, the Alcoholism and Drug Abuse SubcornmiiigeeI will hear testimony on the health and educational effects of mari- huana eh youth. I want to thank our witnesses for generously giving of their time and cbming a Treat distance at their own expense to share with. Congress, the public, and their colleagues their findings on..this impqptant subject. Marihuana use is widespreadamong our yoting.people. The re- sults of the 1980 survey of high school seniors indicated that 60. percent of high school seniors have used marihuana at .-raie time during their life, 49 percent reporting some use in the pdskyear, and 34 percent, xeporting some use in the paSt month. In addition, marihuana is used 9n a daily or near-daily basis by a substantial - fraction of the seniors. These .statisfics.have fostered -justified concern over the effects of ft- this use and 'sr-desire for authoritative answers to, questions about it.- As with any developing area of r ch, we realize that all the authoritative answers are not-yet tivailab owever, it is impera- tive that the public and its legislators havhe most up-to-date material available on which to base their decisimaking.' M a previous tearing, Dr. Pollin ha told this subcommittee that recent high .school surveys hay %hown that although adolescent marihuan use increased steadily between 1975 and 1978, the 1979 survey hshown a leveling off of use, and 1980 has, shoim a small 3 decline. r On thatore, I haire had the staff prepare a clirt, which is over here on rn3' eight and it is oneAvhich is certainly encouraging, to say the least, and one that we hope Is indicative of the beginning of a long-term 'decline in at least Substantial 'use of marihuana by our high school Students. (1Y 0 U na . 2 There have also bednsome sitnificant changes in the attitudes of young people toward marihuanaw.hicli lend- Ferrier &edibility-to these prevalence results and,suggest .that the downward Shift narihuana use,-inay continue. -in Much of thchange appears to be-, due to increasing concern aboutpossible adverse effects fromregu- lar use and the perception that peersare now more disapproving