Environmental Assessment Report (DRAFT) Environmental Impact Assessment Project Number: 43023-01 December 2010 People’s Republic of China: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Cities Development Project Prepared by the Government of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region for the Asian Development Bank This environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “Terms of Use” section of this website. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 1 July 2010) Currency Unit – Yuan (CNY) CNY 1.00 = $ 0.1471 $ 1.00 = CNY 6.80 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank ASEAN – Association of South-East Asian Nations BGEDZ – Beibu Gulf Economic Development Zone BMG – Beihai Municipal Government BOD – Biological Oxygen Demand CAST – Cyclic Activated Sludge Technology CEIA – Consolidated Environmental Impact Assessment COD – Chemical Oxygen Demand CNY – Chinese Yuan dB(A) – A-Weighted Decibel DI – Design Institute ASEAN – Association of South East Asian Nations EA – Executing Agency EEM – External Environmental Monitor EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EIAI – EIA Institute EIS – Environmental Impact Statement EMP – Environmental Management Plan EMS – Environmental Monitoring Station EMU – Environmental Management Unit EPB – Environmental Protection Bureau EPD – Environmental Protection Department FMG – Fangchenggang Municipal Government FSR – Feasibility Study Report FYP – Five-Year Plan GDP – Gross Domestic Product GEPD – Guangxi Environmental Protection Department GHG – Greenhouse Gas GMS – Greater Mekong Subregion GPLG – Guangxi Project Leading Group GRO Grievance Redress Officer GZAR – Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region GZARG – Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Government IA – Implementing Agency IEE – Initial Environmental Evaluation IEM – Internal Environmental Monitor LEI – Licensed Environmental Institute MEP – Ministry of Environmental Protection MIP – Maoling Industrial Park NO2 – Nitrogen Dioxide NR – Nature Reserve I OEE – Onsite Environmental Engineer PBGECA – Pan-Beibu Gulf Economic Cooperation Area PIC – Project Implementing Company PLG – Project Leading Group PM10 – Particular Matter smaller than 10 micrometers PMO – Project Management Office POC – Project Operating Company PPCC – Project Public Complaint Center PPRD – Pan-Pearl River Delta PPTA – Project Preparatory Technical Assistance PRC – People’s Republic of China QMG – Qinzhou Municipal Government QPEDA – Qinzhou Port Economic Development Area RP – Resettlement Plan SEA – Strategic Environmental Assessment SEPA – State Environmental Protection Administration SEPP – Soil Erosion Prevention Plan SO2 – Sulphur Dioxide SS – Suspended Solids TN – Total Nitrogen TP – Total Phosphorus TSP – Total Suspended Particulates WRB – Water Resource Bureau WWTP – Wastewater Treatment Plant II WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ‰ – per mill (per thousand) ha – hectare kg/d – kilogram per day km – Kilometer km2 – square kilometer m – meter m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter m3/d – cubic meters per day m3/s – cubic meters per second mg/m3 – milligrams per cubic meter mm – millimeter mu – unit of land area equal to 1/15 ha or 667 m2 NOTE In the report, “$” refers to US dollars. Disclaimer: In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. III TABLE OF CONTENTS CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS ABBREVIATIONS WEIGHTS AND MEASURES LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES Page A. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 1. Project Rationale 1 2. Project Objective, Outcome and Outputs 1 3. Environmental Categorization and Environmental Due Diligence 2 4. Major Environmental Risks and Anticipated Impacts 3 5. Major Project Benefits 4 6. Public Consultation and Grievance Redress Mechanism 6 7. Conclusions 6 B. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 7 1. Legal Framework 7 2. Institutional Framework 8 3. Approval Authorities and EIA Institutes 9 C. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 11 1. Need for the Project 11 2. Special Features of the Project 12 3. Local Urban Master Plans 13 4. Project Components 14 D. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 27 1. Overview of Guangxi 27 2. Description of the Environment of Beihai City 27 3. Description of the Environment of Qinzhou City 32 4. Description of the Environment of Fangchenggang City 35 5. Assessment Boundaries and Applicable Standards 40 6. Justification of the Use of PRC Standards 42 E. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 45 1. Incremental Environmental and Social Benefits 45 2. Scoping and Screening of Potential Impacts 47 3. Measures to Minimize Potential Adverse Impacts during Design Phase 47 4. Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Construction 48 5. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Operation Phase 57 IV F. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 100 1. Environmental Considerations 100 2. Alternatives Related to Roads and Related Facilities 100 3. Alternatives Specific to Individual Roads 105 4. Alternatives for Fangchenggang Maoling Wastewater Treatment Plant 111 G. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 114 1. Information Disclosure and Public Consultations to Date 114 2. Consultation Results 117 3. Future Information Disclosure and Public Consultation Program 117 H. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 119 1. Objectives of Grievance Redress Mechanism 119 2. Current Practice in the PRC 119 3. Grievance Redress Mechanism for the Project 119 4. Types of Grievances Expected and Eligibility Assessment 120 5. GRM Steps and Timeframe 120 6. Special Considerations for Wanheshan Nature Reserve 121 I. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 123 1. Objectives 123 2. Mitigation Measures 123 3. Organizational Structure for Environmental Management 123 4. Monitoring, Inspection and Reporting 125 5. Mechanism for Grievance Redress and for Feedback and Adjustment 126 6. Environmental Management Capacity in Three Project Cities 126 J. CONCLUSION 128 1. Project Benefits and Impacts 128 2. Main Risks and Environmental Safeguard Assurances 130 3. Overall Conclusion 134 APPENDIX 1: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN APPENDIX 2: WANHESHAN HERON NATURE RESERVE APPENDIX 3: STRATEGIC ANALYSIS V LIST OF TABLES Page Table B-1: Applicable Environmental Guidelines...................................................................................7 Table B-2: Applicable Environmental Standards....................................................................................8 Table B-3: EIA Institutes and Approval Authorities for Subprojects .....................................................10 Table C-1: Major Engineering Parameters of Beihai Zhulin Road .......................................................15 Table C-2: Major Engineering Parameters of Beihai Yingpan Road....................................................17 Table C-3: Major Engineering Parameters of Qinzhou Xincheng Road Network.................................19 Table C-4: Major Engineering Parameters of Fangcheng-Jiangshan Road.........................................21 Table C-5: Design Influent and Effluent Parameters for Maoling WWTP.............................................23 Table C-6: Characteristics of Wastewater for Selected Factories in the MIP.......................................23 Table C-7: Major Engineering Parameters of Maoling WWTP and Sewerage Network.......................24 Table D-1: Assessment Boundaries ....................................................................................................41 Table D-2: Emission and Discharge Standards Applicable to Project..................................................41 Table D-3: Ambient Environmental Quality Standards.........................................................................41 Table D-4: Comparison of PRC legislated standards with World Bank Group’s EHS guideline...........43 Table E-1: Air Emission Limits for Diesel-Powered Non-Road Mobile Machinery ...............................48 Table E-2: Dust Generation from a 5-Ton Construction Truck.............................................................49 Table E-3: Dust Suppression by Water Spray .....................................................................................49 Table E-4: Dust Suppression by Fences .............................................................................................50 Table E-5: Wastewater and Solid Waste from Construction Camps and Activities..............................51 Table E-6: Noise Levels of Selected Construction Equipment.............................................................52 Table E-7: PRC Noise Limits for Construction Sites............................................................................52 Table E-8: Balances of Fill-and-Cut for Subprojects............................................................................53 Table E-9: Baseline Air Quality Monitoring Results for Beihai Zhulin Road .........................................58 Table E-10: Predicted CO and NO2 Concentrations for Beihai Zhulin Road........................................59 Table E-11: Baseline Noise Monitoring Results for Beihai Zhulin Road ..............................................61 Table E-12: Predicted Noise Levels for Beihai Zhulin Road ................................................................62 Table E-13: Distances