1215 Kapla 2019-2028 Osnutek

1215 Kapla 2019-2028 Osnutek

ZAVOD ZA GOZDOVE SLOVENIJE OBMO ČNA ENOTA MARIBOR GOZDNOGOSPODARSKI NA ČRT GOZDNOGOSPODARSKE ENOTE KAPLA OSNUTEK 2019–2028 Štev.: 12-15/19 Vsebina VSEBINA: POVZETEK ............................................................................................................................................. 9 UVOD .................................................................................................................................................... 11 1 SPLOŠNI OPIS GOZDNOGOSPODARSKE ENOTE ................................................................ 12 1.1 OPIS NARAVNIH RAZMER ........................................................................................................... 12 1.1.1 Lega ................................................................................................................................... 12 1.1.2 Relief .................................................................................................................................. 14 1.1.3 Podnebne zna čilnosti ......................................................................................................... 14 1.1.4 Hidrološke razmere ............................................................................................................ 14 1.1.5 Mati čna podlaga in tla ........................................................................................................ 14 1.1.6 Krajinski tipi, gozdnatost .................................................................................................... 16 1.1.7 Vegetacijski oris gozdnogospodarske enote ..................................................................... 17 1.1.8 Živalski svet ....................................................................................................................... 23 1.2 POVRŠINA IN LASTNIŠTVO GOZDOV ............................................................................................ 26 1.3 ODPRTOST GOZDOV S PROMETNICAMI IN RAZMERE ZA PRIDOBIVANJE LESA .................................. 27 1.4 DRUŽBENO GOSPODARSKE RAZMERE ........................................................................................ 29 1.4.1 Lovstvo ............................................................................................................................... 30 1.4.2 Kmetijstvo .......................................................................................................................... 31 1.4.3 Poselitev ............................................................................................................................ 31 1.4.4 Infrastruktura ...................................................................................................................... 31 1.4.5 Druge aktivnosti v prostoru (npr. peskokopi, daljnovodi ipd.) ............................................ 32 1.4.6 Ostale gospodarske dejavnosti .......................................................................................... 32 1.5 POŽARNO OGROŽENI GOZDOVI .................................................................................................. 32 1.6 UREDITVENA ČLENITEV GOZDNOGOSPODARSKE ENOTE .............................................................. 33 1.7 ORGANIZIRANOST JAVNE GOZDARSKE SLUŽBE ............................................................................ 33 2 PRIKAZ FUNKCIJ GOZDOV ...................................................................................................... 34 2.1 EKOLOŠKE FUNKCIJE ................................................................................................................ 36 2.2 SOCIALNE FUNKCIJE ................................................................................................................. 40 2.3 PROIZVODNE FUNKCIJE ............................................................................................................. 41 3 OPIS STANJA GOZDOV ............................................................................................................ 42 3.1 GOSPODARSKE KATEGORIJE GOZDOV ........................................................................................ 42 3.2 LESNA ZALOGA ......................................................................................................................... 43 3.3 PRIRASTEK ............................................................................................................................... 46 3.4 RAZVOJNE FAZE OZ . ZGRADBE SESTOJEV ................................................................................... 47 3.5 TIPI SESTOJEV .......................................................................................................................... 48 3.6 OHRANJENOST GOZDOV ............................................................................................................ 49 3.7 KAKOVOST DREVJA ................................................................................................................... 49 3.8 POŠKODOVANOST DREVJA ........................................................................................................ 50 3.9 OBJEDENOST GOZDNEGA MLADJA .............................................................................................. 51 3.10 ODMRLO DREVJE ...................................................................................................................... 52 4 ANALIZA PRETEKLEGA GOSPODARJENJA Z GOZDOVI ...................................................... 53 4.1 KRATEK OPIS ZGODOVINE GOSPODARJENJA Z GOZDOVI V GOZDNOGOSPODARSKI ENOTI ............... 53 4.2 GOSPODARJENJE Z GOZDOVI V PRETEKLEM UREDITVENEM OBDOBJU ........................................... 53 4.2.1 Posek ................................................................................................................................. 53 4.2.2 Gojitvena in varstvena dela ............................................................................................... 58 4.2.3 Gradnja gozdnih prometnic ................................................................................................ 60 4.2.4 Opravljena dela in aktivnosti na krepitvi funkcij gozdov .................................................... 60 4.2.5 Posegi v gozd in gozdni prostor v obdobju 2009–2018 ..................................................... 61 4.2.6 Celovita ocena doseganja postavljenih ciljev v obdobju 2009–2018 ................................ 61 5 ORIS ZAKONITOSTI RAZVOJA GOZDOV ............................................................................... 65 5.1 RAZVOJ GOZDNIH FONDOV ........................................................................................................ 65 5.1.1 Površina ............................................................................................................................. 65 5.1.2 Lesna zaloga, prirastek in možni posek............................................................................. 66 5.2 PRESOJA STANJA IN RAZVOJA GOZDOV V POGLEDU TRAJNOSTI .................................................... 68 5.2.1 Presoja stanja in razvoja gozdov v pogledu trajnosti z vidika debelinske strukture oz. razmerja razvojnih faz in zgradb sestojev.......................................................................... 68 ZGS, GGN Kapla 2019–2028 3 Vsebina 5.2.2 Presoja trajnosti z vidika zagotavljanja funkcij gozdov ...................................................... 70 6 CILJI, USMERITVE IN UKREPI ................................................................................................. 71 6.1 SPLOŠNI CILJI ........................................................................................................................... 71 6.2 USMERITVE .............................................................................................................................. 74 6.2.1 Splošne usmeritve .............................................................................................................. 74 6.2.2 Usmeritve za krepitev in uskladitev funkcij gozdov ............................................................ 78 6.2.3 Usmeritve za razvoj življenjskih razmer prosto živečih živali ............................................. 88 6.2.4 Usmeritve za delo z gozdom v varovalnih gozdovih in gozdovih s posebnim namenom .. 89 6.2.5 Usmeritve za delo s požarno ogroženimi gozdovi ............................................................. 90 6.2.6 Usmeritve za delo s semenskimi objekti ............................................................................ 90 6.2.7 Usmeritve za tehnologijo dela, gradnjo in vzdrževanje gozdnih prometnic ....................... 91 6.2.8 Usmeritve za presojo posegov v gozd in gozdni prostor ................................................... 95 6.2.9 Usmeritve za ukrepe na drugih gozdnih zemljiš čih ............................................................ 96 6.3 UKREPI .................................................................................................................................... 97 6.3.1 Možni posek ....................................................................................................................... 97 6.3.2 Potrebna gojitvena in varstvena dela ................................................................................. 99 6.3.3 Ukrepi za izboljšanje življenjskih razmer prostožive čih živali .......................................... 102 6.3.4 Ukrepi za izboljšanje ostalih funkcij gozdov ..................................................................... 102 6.3.5 Graditev

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