Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II Volume 25 Article 1 2020 Full Issue Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation (2020) "Full Issue," Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II: Vol. 25 , Article 1. Available at: https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives/vol25/iss1/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. et al.: Full Issue Historical Perspectives Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History December 2020 Series II, Volume XXV ΦΑΘ Published by Scholar Commons, 2020 1 Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II, Vol. 25 [2020], Art. 1 Cover image: A birds world Nr.5 by Helmut Grill https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives/vol25/iss1/1 2 et al.: Full Issue The Historical Perspectives Peer Review Process Historical Perspectives is a peer-reviewed publication of the History Department at Santa Clara University. It showcases student work that is selected for innovative research, theoretical sophistication, and elegant writing. Consequently, the caliber of submissions must be high to qualify for publication. Each year, two student editors and two faculty advisors evaluate the submissions. Assessment is conducted in several stages. An initial reading of submissions by the four editors and advisors establishes a short-list of top papers. The assessment criteria in this process, as stated above, focus on the papers’ level of research innovation, theoretical sophistication, and elegance of presentation. No one category is privileged over the others and strengths in one can be considered corrective for deficiencies in another. The complete panel of four editors and advisors then votes on the final selections. Occasionally, as needed, authors may be asked to shorten or edit their original submissions for re-submission. Published by Scholar Commons, 2020 3 Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II, Vol. 25 [2020], Art. 1 https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives/vol25/iss1/1 4 et al.: Full Issue Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………....…………i Acknowledgments……………………………………………………....…iv More than the Triangle Factory Speech: Rose Schneiderman’s Long- Underappreciated Career of Progressive Era Reform Emily Yekikian…………………………………………………….......……1 Work Yourself to Death: The Honorable Way to Die for the Sarariiman Haley Butler……………………………………………………....………..20 Power and Community: The Queer Liberation Movement of the 1960s and 1970s Nick Ellis……………………………………………………....…………..36 Love and War: The Civil War’s Impact on Prostitution Sydney Shead……………………………………………………....………56 Power Structures and Divergent Historical Narratives in Post-Conflict Societies Christopher Lindrud…………………………………………..…………....69 Through Rainbow-Colored Glasses: Overcoming Bisexual Oppression through LGBTQ+ Press Sofia Stechschulte……………………………………………………....….85 Voices in the Dark: The Evolution of Activist Film Criticism in the 1960s Brandon Schultz……………………………………………………....……96 Revolutionary Environmental Activism: Rachel Carson, Wangari Maathai, and Greta Thunberg Kayleigh Limbach………………………………………………….……114 Queer In/visibility: Gay Men’s and Lesbian’s Experiences of Persecution in Nazi Germany Tegan Smith……………………………………………………....………129 Historical Perspectives, Series II, Volume XXV, 2020 Published by Scholar Commons, 2020 5 Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II, Vol. 25 [2020], Art. 1 Selected Reviews Reacting to “Red Chicago” Shreyes Nallan……………………………………………………....……146 Director’s Notes, The Revolutionists by Lauren Gunderson, SCU Theatre Department Production, Spring 2020 Michael Zampelli, S.J. ……………………………………………………150 Shifting the Spotlight: A Review of The Revolutionists Rob Wohl……………………………………………………....…………152 The Revolution Will Be Zoomed: A Review of The Revolutionists Emily Yekikian…………………………………………………....…………..…157 https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives/vol25/iss1/1 6 et al.: Full Issue Introduction Each year, Santa Clara University’s Phi Alpha Theta chapter publishes a group of thoughtful and outstanding essays in the History Department’s journal, Historical Perspectives. Written by students who have completed original research projects in advanced seminars, these essays represent the highest levels of achievement in the department, and this year, students submitted a number of accomplished research papers for review. We would like to express our gratitude to all of the students who presented their work for consideration, as well as to the devoted faculty members who guided these burgeoning writers with their projects. We are delighted to present to you the 2020 edition of Historical Perspectives. It is our firm belief that researching and writing history serves not only to unlock understandings of the past, but to shine light on the present and future. Although every year unearths its own challenges, we must acknowledge the unique impact of 2020 on the minds of the writers whose works appear in this edition of Historical Perspectives. In 2020, the United States witnessed one of the largest protest movements in its history in the Black Lives Matters protests, and globally, the devastating coronavirus pandemic continues to threaten organized human life everywhere. These life-changing events add to the stresses of protecting human rights and the environment. The essays in this journal undoubtedly emerged from this turbulent world, and through them we hope to gain insights to help us as we work for tomorrow. As a result, this year’s edition includes essays united in a yearning for a better world. Exploring a wide variety of topics spanning both cultures and time periods, some essays center on the activism of key historical figures, while others focus on ongoing demands for equity, acceptance, and social justice. The papers in this journal go beyond analyzing past events by bringing them into conversation with the tribulations and triumphs of today. Whether the writers are calling for more inclusive genocide Historical Perspectives, Series II, Volume XXV, 2020 Published by Scholar Commons, 2020 7 Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II, Vol. 25 [2020], Art. 1 memorials or prompting readers to join ongoing movements for ecological justice, their work reflects a discerning curiosity that seeks nuanced understandings of the past so that we may envision a better future. Many of these essays explore similar topics as they are shaped by the courses offered at Santa Clara University, including classes on protest and reform movements, genocide in the twentieth century, and the history of sexuality. This year’s submissions testify to the intersections between Women’s and Gender Studies, Ethnic Studies, and History, and they demonstrate that our student writers utilize critical interpretation, insight, and creativity in order to analyze the events of the past and recognize their lasting presence in the world today. In their research, the authors contribute to a fuller picture of the past that confronts traditional narratives that have been flattened or sanitized in popular historiography. We are also thrilled to announce the addition of a reviews section to this year’s journal. These shorter pieces focus on the Theatre and Dance Department’s spring production of Lauren Gunderson’s The Revolutionists, as well as a review of an episode from the PBS series “The Future of America’s Past.” By expanding our scholarly scope beyond research papers, we aim to demonstrate the educational value and political importance of plays, films, and other media. History can be presented via many mediums, and as the number of media platforms increases, we hope to see a commensurate increase in the dissemination of historical knowledge and political awareness. To illustrate the idea of a better world, we chose a 2013 photograph from Helmut Grill to cover this year’s journal. Titled “A Birds World Nr. 5,” this piece captures the dichotomy between the lush hope for life and the uncertainty of the future represented in the ominous storm clouds hovering above the landscape. When confronted with the unknown, we have a duty to respond in a way that minimizes suffering and promotes life. If we choose to pursue paths based on social justice and living with earthly integrity, we ii https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives/vol25/iss1/1 8 et al.: Full Issue can work toward fulfilling the promise of a better world, and we view history as the key to unlocking this path forward. As Luis Valdez said at this year’s first Santa Clara University Listens & Learns: Race, Reflection, Renewal event, “the end and hope are always upon us,” and we should keep both at the forefront of our minds as we try to find ways to think and live in more just, equitable, and ecologically sound ways. Taking suffering and injustice seriously reminds us that there is always more work to be done in our co-creation of a better world. Taking joy and love seriously minimizes feelings