Internet Linguistics: A Conversational Analysis of Online Synchronous Chat and Face-to-Face Conversations of EFL Undergraduate Students in Jordan By Naji Masned Irshaid AlQbailat in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Humanities Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Advisor’s: Antonio Rodriguez De Las Heras Perez Atef Odeh Suleiman AbuSa'aleek Tutor: Antonio Rodriguez De Las Heras Perez Getafe, September, 2019 This thesis is distributed under license “Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial – Non Derivatives”. ii Dedication I dedicate this study to: Carlos III in Madrid University, where I achieved my uppermost goal in the academic field. I owe a deep debt of gratitude to its members for giving me the opportunity to complete my Ph.D. dissertation. My parents, for their endless love, support, encouragement and prayers. iii Acknowledgement First and foremost, I would like to convey my ultimate gratitude to my supervisor Prof. Antonio Rodriguez De Las Heras Perez for the continuous support of my Ph.D. dissertation, for his patience, motivation, and immense knowledge. Without his help, this research would have never been possible. His guidance helped me in all the time. I could not have imagined having a better mentor for my Ph.D. dissertation. Secondly, I am truly grateful for my co-supervisor dr. Atef Odeh AbuSa’aleek for his contributions, constant guidance, assistance, and empowering me to complete this research. Thirdly, I would like to thank participants and professors from BAU, who involved in the study. Also, special and sincere thanks to Mukhled Abu Shouk for his support and to the soul of Mamade Kadreebux who both the idea of the study first started from their discussions. Fourthly, I would like to express my wholehearted thanks my beloved parents, sisters, brothers, spouse, daughters, and friends for constantly supporting throughout the process of pursuing this degree. Finally, I would thank people who in charge and the library staff of The Abdul Hameed Shoman Foundation where I spent many days preparing this dissertation. I bow my head low in respect. iv Declaration I, hereby, declare that the current dissertation consists of all the original works conducted by me except the citations and quotations. The concepts or ideas taken from other sources have been cited properly. Furthermore, the dissertation has not been submitted concurrently or previously in any other institution. v Table of Content DEDICATION .............................................................................................................................................. II ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................................. IV DECLARATION .......................................................................................................................................... V TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................................................................. VI LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................................... X LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................................... XV LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................. XVI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................................... XVII ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................... XVIII RESUMEN EN ESPAÑOL ......................................................................................................................... XIX 1 THE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ..................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2.1 Conversation and Oral Communication .................................................................................................... 5 1.2.2 Social Networking ..................................................................................................................................... 6 1.2.3 Conversation Analysis ............................................................................................................................... 8 1.2.4 Cooperative Principle ................................................................................................................................ 9 1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ................................................................................................................................. 12 1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................................... 14 1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ........................................................................................................................................... 16 1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ................................................................................................................................... 16 1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY ..................................................................................................................................... 18 1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS ............................................................................................................................................ 18 1.9 CONCLUDING SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................ 20 2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ................................................ 21 2.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 22 2.2 THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ......................................................................................... 22 2.2.1 Discourse Analysis Approach in EFL Context........................................................................................... 25 2.2.2 Internet Discourse ................................................................................................................................... 30 2.2.3 Internet Interaction ................................................................................................................................ 31 2.2.4 Computer-Mediated Communication ..................................................................................................... 32 2.3 CONVERSATIONAL ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................... 36 2.3.1 Face-to-Face Conversation ..................................................................................................................... 38 2.3.2 Online Synchronous Chat ........................................................................................................................ 39 2.3.2.1 Characteristic Features of Online Chat ............................................................................................................ 44 2.3.3 Turn-Taking ............................................................................................................................................ 44 2.3.3.1 Types................................................................................................................................................................ 46 2.3.3.2 System and Sequences .................................................................................................................................... 47 2.3.4 Repair ..................................................................................................................................................... 47 2.3.4.1 Defining ........................................................................................................................................................... 47 2.3.4.2 Self-Repair and Other-Repair ........................................................................................................................... 49 2.3.4.3 Sequences ........................................................................................................................................................ 49 2.3.5 Overlap ................................................................................................................................................... 49 2.3.5.1 Types................................................................................................................................................................ 51 vi 2.3.5.2 Organization ...................................................................................................................................................