Saskatchewan Centre for Soil Research Centre for Land and Biological Publication No. S7 Resources Research Land Resource Division Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Publication 95-66 by Staff, Saskatchewan Soil Survey SASKATCHEWAN CENTRE FOR SOIL RESEARCH University of Saskatchewan 1997 Map and Report Compilation : D.W. Anderson, W.D. Eilers*, R.D. Stushnoff Program Director: D.W. Anderson, Director, H.P.W. Rostad*, Associate Director, Saskatchewan Centre for Soil Research, Saskatoon Soil Correlation : J.G. Ellis (retired), H.B. Stonehouse* Project Supervisor: D.W. Anderson Soil Mapping: D.W. Anderson, D.R. Bergen, M.M. Boehm, W.D. Eilers*, G.J. King, D. Jensen, D. McDonald, N. Moore, J. Norgren, H.P.W. Rostad*, R.D. Stushnoff, S. Thomson, D.B. Wilkinson Secretarial: S.S.M. Wood* Drafting: P.M. Sardinha, A. Kuzub Geographical Information System: S.R.E. Johnson Laboratory: A.K. Ballantyne (*, retired) Assisted in the field by: R. Bates, M. Black, M. Beaulieu, T. Bridge, T. Brown, S. Burton, B. Duke, D. Flatten, A. Froelich, J. Harrington, A. Harris, J. Ippolito, D. Miller, B. Nesdole, R. Roy, P. Russell, L. Spearing, W. Stephanson, L. Trowell, B. Wilson, B. Wolfe Current address: Land Resource Unit Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre 5C26 Agriculture Building University of Saskatchewan Campus 51 Campus Drive SASKATOON SK S7N 5A8 Financial support for the conduct of this study was provided by the following: The Saskatchewan Department of Agriculture The Land Resource Research Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and The University of Saskatchewan Assistance provided by the following agencies and individuals is also acknowledged: The Cartographic Section ofthe Land Resource Research Centre, Ottawa for producing the soils maps. The Map Reproduction Centre, Reproduction and Distribution Division, Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, Ottawa for supplying base information and for printing the soils map. Dr. J. A. Shields, Western Correlator, Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa for reviewing this manuscript. Pa~e 1 . INTRODUCTION . 1 2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF AREA . 2 2.1 Extent and Location . 2.2 Physiography . 2.3 Geology . 2.4 Climate . 3. LANDFORMS . 10 3.1 Surface Deposits . 10 3.2 Surface Forms . 11 4. INTRODUCTION TO SOILS . 12 4.1 The Soil Profile . 12 4.2 Soil Forming Factors . 12 Parent Material . : . 12 Topography and Drainage . 13 Climate and Vegetation . 14 Time and Man , . 14 4.3 Kinds and Distribution of Soil Profiles . 14 4.4 The Soil Map . 15 5. DESCRIPTION OF SOILS . 16 Amulet(Am)Soils . 16 Arcola (Ao) Soils . 18 Asquith(Aq)Soils . 20 Alluvium (Av) Soils . 22 Biggar (Bg)Soils . 24 Brooking (Bk)Soils . 26 Bradwell (Br) Soils . 29 Cudworth (Cd) Soils . 31 iii Page 5. DESCRIPTION OF SOILS, continued Crooked Lake(CL)Soils . 32 Estevan(Es)Soils . 33 Elstow (Ew) Soils . 36 Forget (Fg) Soils . 37 Fremantle (Fe) Soils . 39 Grandora(Gd)Soils . 41 Gapview (Gv) Soils . 42 Hillsborough(Hb)Soils . 43 Hamlin (Hm) Soils . 44 Hillwash(Hw)Soils . 46 Hanley (HY) Soils . 46 Meota (Me) Soils . 48 Moose Mountain (Mm) Soils . 50 Mine Spoils (MSp) . 52 Meadow (Mw) Soils . 52 North Portal (No) Soils . 52 Oxbow (Ox) Soils . 54 Pheasant Rump (Ph) Soils . 58 Regina (Ra) Soils . .. 59 Roughbark(Rb)Soils . 60 Rouleau(Ru)Soils . 62 Runway (Rw)Soils . 62 Swift Creek (Sf) Soils . 63 Sutherland (Su) Soils . 64 Short Creek (Sx) Soils . 66 Trossachs(Tr)Soils . 66 Tuxford(Tu) Soils . 69 Wingello (Wg) Soils . 71 Whitewood (Wh) Soils . 72 Windthorst (Wn) Soils . 74 Weyburn (Wr) Soils . 75 Whitesand (Ws) Soils . 77 Waitville (Wv) Soils . 79 iv Pize 6. SOIL CAPABILITY FOR AGRICULTURE . 81 7. SOIL SALINITY . 85 8. SOLONETZIC SOILS AND DEEP TILLAGE . 88 9. DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF SOIL PROFILES . 91 10. AREA IN HECTARES OF MAP UNITS IN MAP SHEET . 116 10.1 Map Units Occurring in the Black Soil Zone . 116 10.2 Map Units Occurring in the Dark Brown Soil Zone . 117 10.3 Map Units Occurring in the Dark Gray Soil Zone . 120 10.4 Map Units Occurring in the Gray Soil Zone . 120 10.5 Map Units of Miscellaneous Soil and Water . 121 11. GLOSSARY . 122 Page 1 . Key Map to the Weyburn-Virden Map Area . 3 . 2. Physiographic Map of the Weyburn-Virden Map Sheets . 4.