I Defence Safety Authority Service Inquiry CHALLENGER 2 Incident at Castlemartin Ranges, Pembrokeshire 14 Jun 17 Defence Safety Authority Intentionally Blank DSA/SI/05/17/RTR CR2 CMR OFFICIAL-SENSITIVE © Crown Copyright 2018 PART 1.1 Covering Note & Glossary DSA/SI/05/17/RTR CR2 CMR © Crown Copyright 2018 OFFIGIAL—SENSITIVE Intentionally Blank DSA/SI/05/17/RTR CR2 CMR © Crown Copyright 2018 OFFICIAL—SENSITIVE PART 1.1 - COVERING NOTE DSA/SI/05/17/RTR CR2 CMR 16 May 18 DG DSA SERVICE INQUIRY INVESTIGATION INTO THE ACCIDENT INVOLVING A CHALLENGER 2 AT CASTLEMARTIN RANGES, PEMBROKESHIRE ON 14 JUN 17 1. The Service Inquiry Panel assembled at Ministry of Defence Main Building on the 27 Jun 17 by order of the DG DSA for the purpose of investigating the accident involving CHALLENGER 2 ERM DS39AA on 14 Jun 17 and to make recommendations in order to prevent recurrence. The Panel has concluded its inquiries and submits the finalised report for the Convening Authority's consideration. 2. The following inquiry papers are enclosed: Part 1 REPORT Part 2 RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS Part 1.1 Covering Note and Glossary Part 2.1 Diary of Events Part 1.2 Convening Orders & TORs Part 2.2 List of Witnesses Part 1.3 Narrative of Events Part 2.3 Witness Statements Part 1.4 Findings Part 2.4 List of Attendees Part 1.5 Recommendations Part 2.5 List of Exhibits Part 1.6 Convening Authority Comments Part 2.6 Exhibits Part 2.7 List of Annexes Part 2.8 Annexes Part 2.9 Schedule of Matters Not Germane to the Inquiry Part 2.10 Master Schedule PRESIDENT [Signature] Commander Royal Navy President RTR CR2 CMR SI MEMBERS [Signature] [Signature] Major King's Royal Hussars Warrant Officer Royal Air Force Army Member Royal Air Force Member RTR CR2 CMR SI RTR CR2 CMR SI 1.1 - 1 DSA/SI/05/17/RTR CR2 CMR OFFICIAL-SENSITIVE © Crown Copyright 2018 Intentionally Blank 1.1 - 2 DSA/S1/05/17/RTR CR2 CMR OFFICIAL—SENSITIVE © Crown Copyright 2018 PART 1.1 - GLOSSARY Acronym / Serial Explanation Abbreviation (a) (c) (b) 1 2IC Second in Command Annual Crew Test A mandatory live firing exercise for all trained tank crews. Successful completion 2 ACT is the licence for crewmen to progress on to more advanced LFXs and operations on CR2. Also referred to as LFX8. 3 ALTO Attractive to Criminal and Terrorist Organisations 4 AESP Army Equipment Support Publication 5 AFV Armoured Fighting Vehicle Armoured Fighting Vehicle Technical Training School 6 AFVTTS Gunnery Wing is based at Lulworth, Dorset 7 AIG Assistant Instructor Gunnery 8 ALARP As Low As Reasonably Practicable 9 AOSP Army Operational Shooting Policy Armour Piercing Fin Stabilised Discarding Sabot 10 APFSDS The 120mm operational KE anti-armour round. Simulated by the DS-T round during training. Also referred to as a Fin round. 11 ANR Active Noise Reduction (headset) 12 AT Ammunition Technician Automatic Tube Loader Located in the rear of the Breech Ring and provides the means of automatically loading a TVE into the TVE chamber at the rear of the BVA. A magazine 13 ATL containing up to 10 TVEs is retained in a recess in the casing of the ATL. When the gun recoils and returns to the run out position, the ATL loads the next TVE. The TVE for the first round fired has to be loaded by the Loader operating the ATL. Armoured Trials and Development Unit 14 ATDU Based at Bovington Camp, Dorset. Annual Troop Assessment 15 ATA Tests the crew's ability to operate as part of a Troop of tanks (up to 4 CR2). 16 AV Armoured Vehicle 17 AVSO Armoured Vehicle Standing Orders 18 BATUS British Army Training Unit Suffield, Canada Bolt Vent Axial 19 BVA Part of the CR2 Main Armament breech, which, together with the obturator pad and shim, forms the gas tight seal at the rear of the gun when it fires. 20 BVA Assembly The BVA Assembly is the BVA, Obturator Pad, Shim and Thrust Housing. 21 Capt Captain Chemical Energy 22 CE Describes a projectile designed to create damage by its High Explosive content. Eg the 120mm HESH round. 23 CIM Classroom Instructional Model Castlemartin Ranges. 24 CMR Merrion Camp, Pembrokeshire, Wales. Combat Medical Technician A specialist military trade within the Royal Army Medical Corps capable of 25 CMT assisting with the management of surgical, medical and psychiatric casualties from the onset of the condition until the casualty is admitted to a hospital offering specialist care. 26 CO Commanding Officer 27 CoC Chain of Command 28 C•I Corporal 1.1 - 3 DSA/SI/05/17/RTR CR2 CMR OFFICAL—SENSITIVE © Crown Copyright 2018 Acronym / Serial Explanation Abbreviation (a) (c) (b) Charge Propelling Discarding Sabot — Training L18A1 Used to fire DS-T rounds from the main armament. Approximately 700mm long, it is a solid, orange, cylindrical case made of combustible nitrocellulose 29 CP DS-T which contains a bundle of propellant sticks. It has a flat bottom, where the igniter is located in a silk bag, and a cup shaped cap at the top, which fits over the rear of the projectile when loaded in the gun. Sometimes referred to as a "bag charge". Charge Propelling Squash Head L3A2 Used to fire HESH, Smoke and SH-P rounds from the Main Armament. Approximately 700mm long, 30 CP SH it is a cloth bag, D shaped in cross section, filled with a bundle of propellant sticks. The igniter pad (red) filled with gunpowder is at one end and a cloth lifting strap is at the other. Sometimes referred to as a "bag charge". CHALLENGER 2 31 CR2 Main Battle Tank in use within the Royal Armoured Corp of the British Army since 1998. 32 C/S Call Sign 33 DAIB Defence Accident Investigation Branch 34 DIO Defence Infrastructure Organisation Discarding Sabot — Training L29A1 35 DS-T 120mm gun projectile. Training variant of the APFSDS round. Deputy Training Safety Officer WO2 on CMR staff. Part of the team responsible 36 DTSO for the day to day delivery of a safe training environment and ranges for authorised users and the supervision of live fire and all-arms manoeuvre training 37 ECBA Enhanced Combat Body Armour Equipment Registration Mark 38 ERM Military Vehicle Registration Number. 39 FCC Fire Control Computer 40 FMX Fire and Manoeuvre Exercise Firing Needle Assembly Part of the CR2 Main Armament Breach holds 41 FNA which the rear of the TVE and provides it with the firing pulse. The FNA is located in the lower breech block, held in place by the Thrust Housing. General Purpose Machine Gun 42 GPMG 7.62mm calibre machine gun that can be mounted on the loader's cupola on top of the CR2's turret. High Explosive Squash Head 43 HESH The operational High Explosive CE round. Simulated by the inert SH-P round during training. 44 HOTO Hand Over / Take Over Joint Service Publication 440 45 JSP 440 The Defence Manual of Security, Resilience and Business Continuity. Kinetic Energy 46 KE Describes a projectile designed to create damage by hitting the target. It does not contain explosives. E.g. the 120mm APFSDS round. 47 L30A1 Gun 120mm calibre rifled tank gun fitted to the CR2 as the Main Armament. L94A1 Chain 7.62mm calibre chain gun 48 fitted to CR2 as the Secondary Armament, mounted co- Gun axially to the Main Armament. 49 LCpl Lance Corporal Loader Drills Trainer 50 LDT The LDT is a life size mock-up of the tank turret in which loaders are trained and practice the drills required to operate the Main and Secondary Armament. 51 Lt Lieutenant 52 Lt Col Lieutenant Colonel 1 1 - 4 DSA/S1/05/17/RTR CR2 CMR OFFICIAL-SENSITIVE © Crown Copyright 2018 Acronym / Serial Explanation Abbreviation (a) (c) (b) Live Firing Monitoring Equipment System fitted to CR2 which allows gunnery staff to monitor live what the gunner 53 LFME and commander are looking at through their sights and hear what the crew are saying to each other on the intercom. This enables the quality of gunnery to be assessed and the LFX to be debriefed to crews on completion. 54 LFX Live Firing Exercise 55 Maj Major 56 MBT Main Battle Tank 57 MG Machine Gun 58 MTP Multi Terrain Pattern Operating Duty Holder The ODH is accountable for mitigating the risk to life to ALARP and to a level 59 ODH that is tolerable for those involved in the activity and anyone affected by it, including the public. Pamphlet Number 21, Training Regulations for Armoured Fighting Vehicles, Infantry 60 PAM 21 Weapon Systems and Pyrotechnics, dated Apr 17. 61 PCS Personal Clothing System 62 PGTE Precision Gunnery Training Equipment 63 PPE Personal Protective Equipment Part Task Trainer 64 PTT Simulator for the CR2 gunner's station, used to develop and practice gunnery skills. Part of the PGTE. 65 RASP Range Action Safety Plan Range Conducting Officer The RCO is responsible for the safe conduct of the firing, following the plan in 66 RCO accordance with the RASP. PAM 21 states the RCO should be qualified and competent with the weapons being used. 67 RDA Range Danger Area 68 REME Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers 69 RGSS Regimental Gunnery Staff Sergeant 70 RIG Regimental Instructor Gunnery 71 RL Royal Lancers Royal Tank Regiment Armoured unit, based at Tidworth, equipped with CR2. Part of 1 Armoured 72 RTR Infantry Brigade and 3 (UK) Division. Comprises of 6 Squadrons, AJAX, BADGER, CYCLOPS, DREADNOUGHT, EGYPT and FALCON. 73 SASC Small Arms School Corps 74 SECR Safety and Environmental Case Report 75 Sgt Sergeant 76 SSgt Staff Sergeant Squash Head - Practice L32A6 77 SH-P Inert 120mm gun projectile, ballistically matched to the operational High Explosive Squash Head round.