Renaud Jolivet, PhD Joint Titular Professor in Medical Physics CERN, EP-DI (50%) University of Geneva, Dpt. de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire (50%) Education: Physics, MSc Started in January 2016 Neuroscience, PhD Expertise: Computational biology Raised 0.86 MCHF research funds in 2016 Experimental neuroscience Medical data Trajectory: Lausanne, Switzerland Zurich, Switzerland Kyoto, Japan Tokyo, Japan London, UK Geneva, Switzerland Projects 1. Production of radionuclides (Tc99m) 2. Utilization of radioactive emitters for the treatment of brain cancers 3. Neurophysics 4. International Brain Laboratory Projects 1. Production of radionuclides (Tc99m) 2. Utilization of radioactive emitters for the treatment of brain cancers 3. Neurophysics 4. International Brain Laboratory Tc99m Van Noorden, Nature 2013 Tc99m Collaboration: CERN – University of Geneva – University5 of Zürich – PSI a) b) Dr Bradley Childs (Boninchi Foundation) Figure 1. Simplified sketch of the TCA design (a) The design consists of the neutron production target T, the moderator and the reflector. Molybdenum samples are schematically shown placed on the sides and downstream of the target. (b) Design of the activator for the test beam experiment at the PSI. The target position, dimensions and its cladding have been adapted to the existing target holder (equipped with a dedicated water cooling circuit). Beryllium is isolated from the moderator/cooling medium by a thin aluminium layer to prevent beryllium getting into the cooling system. In the 99mTc Cyclo-Activator (TCA; Figure 1a), neutrons are produced by interaction of the cyclotron proton beam on the beryllium target. Neutrons emerging from the target are moderated to the energy range of interest by heavy water, which simultaneously serves as cooling medium. The optimal molybdenum sample, cylindrically shaped, is placed around the target covering a large solid angle and enabling a large neutron fraction to be captured. Additionally, the graphite reflector surrounding the molybdenum sample increases the probability of capture on 98Mo by Projects 1. Production of radionuclides (Tc99m) 2. Utilization of radioactive emitters for the treatment of brain cancers 3. Neurophysics 4. International Brain Laboratory MEDICIS-Promed network Overall objective: Characterise the efficacy of nuclear medicine isotopes produced at the CERN-MEDICIS facility for the treatment of brain tumours. Specific objectives: Develop the surgical approach for brachytherapy in small animals. Investigate the impact of nuclear medicine isotopes on healthy tissue… Investigate the impact of nuclear medicine isotopes in brain tumour environments… … In particular on the brain vasculature and on brain immune cells. Ioanna Prionisti (MEDICIS-Promed MSCA ITN) Projects 1. Production of radionuclides (Tc99m) 2. Utilization of radioactive emitters for the treatment of brain cancers 3. Neurophysics 4. International Brain Laboratory Neurophysics Your brain iMac ~20 W 65 – 240 W a 600 b 90 80 500 70 400 60 50 300 40 200 30 20 100 10 0 Neurophysics0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 20 40 60 80 100 gsyn / (normal gsyn) Firing frequency (Hz) c 1200 d 120 1000 100 800 80 600 60 400 40 200 20 0 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 gsyn / (normal gsyn) gsyn / (normal gsyn) e 30 f 120 Jolivet et al., Curr Biol 2015 25 100 Jolivet et al., Neuron 2012 20 80 15 60 10 40 5 20 0 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 gsyn / (normal gsyn) gsyn / (normal gsyn) Figure 4 Neurophysics Mireille Conrad +1 postdoc to be recruited (Swiss National Science Foundation) Projects 1. Production of radionuclides (Tc99m) 2. Utilization of radioactive emitters for the treatment of brain cancers 3. Neurophysics 4. International Brain Laboratory International Brain Laboratory 1. Small-scale fragmented efforts inappropriate to tackle the brain’s complexity 2. Integration of theory and experiments International Brain Laboratory: Vision Record (& manipulate) every spike in every neuron Share every spike with every lab Explain every spike in every neuron (theory) Standard model of how the brain works Build better brain-inspired computers International Brain Laboratory: What role for CERN? 1. Providing expertise in aligning a scientific community behind shared objectives 2. Infrastructure and expertise in data sharing and analysis across multiple international research centres International Brain Laboratory: Consortium • 20 top-level theory and experimental labs in Europe and in the US: Baylor College of Medicine, Princeton University, University College London, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, Stanford University, University of Geneva, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown • The Wellcome Trust, the Simons Foundation, the Hertie Foundation and the US Brain Initiative are all currently considering a major investment in the International Brain Laboratory. • Planned starting date Autumn 2017. Thank you for your attention!.