Acta Palaeontologica Polonica Vol. 29, No. 3-4 pp. 161-194; pi s. 17-26 VVarszavva, 1984 TERESA ORLOVVSKA-ZVVOLINSKA PALYNOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE BUNTSANDSTEIN IN SECTIONS OF WESTERN POLAND ORLOWSKA-ZWOLINSKA, T. : Palynostratigraphy of the Buntsandstein in sec­ tions of western Poland. Ac ta P alaeont. Polonic a , 29, 3-4, 161-194, 1985 (1984) . The .palynological assemblages zones and subzones provide biostratigraphic frame­ work for the Investi gated sections. The Ludbtadispora obs oleta - Protohaplory­ pinus pantlt zone established for the Lower Buntsandstein strata In three sec­ tions of western Poland Is correlated with the Protohaploryplnus association, concurrent with Otoceras In rock of the Griesbachlan stage of East Green­ land. Selected m iospore species are ·descrlbed, Including two new ones: Bacula­ tisporttes verus sp, n. and Elttpsovetatisporltes rugulatus sp, n. , as well as one ne w combination: Protohaploryplnus pantlt Jansonius comb. n, Key w 0 r d s: Lower Triassic, Buntsandstein, palynostratigraphy, palynological assemblage zones, miospores, Poland. Teresa Or!owska-Zwol!71ska, Instytut Geologlczny, Rakowlecka 4, 02-517 Warszawa, Poland. Received: November 1983. INTRODUCTION Results of the author's earlier palynological investigations of the Buntsandstein (Orlowska-Zwolinska 1977) are compared with data from borehole sections Dach6w M-24, Otyn IG-1, Florentyna IG-2 and Czap­ linek IG-2 (fig. 1). A microfloral assemblage, hitherto unknown from the Buntsandstein of Poland, is distinguished, which served to define a new palynological assemblage zone, named after two species abundant in it the Lundbladis­ pora obsoleta - Protohaploxypinus pantii zone . The species composition of this assemblage closely resembles the composition of the Protohaploxy­ pinus association distinguished in East Greenland (Balme 1979) in deposits with Otoceras boreale Spath and Glyptophiceras (Hypophiceras) triviale Spath. .The miospore assemblages of the consecutive assemblage zones are concurrent with index fauna of Early Triassic in the western Poland sec­ tions. The assemblage zone Densoisporites nejburgii occurs in the Middle 162 T ERESA ORLOWSKA-ZWOLINSKA o KOSZALIN Czootine« I G~ Polczyn /G-l POZNAN II a _ . PI . Sroda 16-2 oWARSZAWA /' c:chow M-2t. ~ \ .. ~/, ~·ROty n 16 -1 PI, .F~~rentYna 16 -2 1, 1/ P 1/ /I 1 PI :!l""\. P WROCl.AW P ...."" 9<.• ........,.""~ L,) ">-. '-...... Pa lynolagicalas~ .<'~ ........ J zcnesr sotaooe: .... ~ '\., .~:..,; V. heteromorpha ~ 0 nej burg ii PI o 50 ~P L.obsoleta - P pantii Fig. 1. Localization of borehole. Buntsandstein strata. Its extent partly covers the extent of Gervillia murchisoni Geinitz, as e.g. in .the section Otyn 10-1 (Iig. .3). Quantitative and qualitative variations of the species composition within this zone per­ mitted its subdivision into 3 subzones. The Voltziaceaesporites hetero­ morpha assemblage zone was distinguished in the Upper Buntsandstein strata. It-has been described under the same name in an earlierpaper by the author (Ortowska-Zwolinska 1977). The zone's assemblage concurs with Costatoria costata (Zenker) in the sections: OOTz6w Wielkopolski 10-1, Dach6w M-24 (Senkowiczowa 1965 and unpublished data), Sroda 10-2, and Otyn 10-1 (Oajewska 1982, and unpublished data). The miospore assemblages of the aforementioned section Otyn 10-1 could be compared with megaspore assemblages documented earlier by Fuglewicz (1979) for the same section. An age interpretation of the Low­ er Buntsandstein flora (p. 178) alternative to that given by Fuglewicz (1980), is presented. Table I Palynological zones distinguished in three investigated regions of Poland Fore - Sudetic area West Pomerania North - Eastern Poland Litho- T I 0 a T I 0 a I 0 r a 11st982rat igrI: I!;e Ir-;;;;e;;---:-;=-.-~~--=---- I' "~-_._-,, I""Jewsl<a . ~o' ~r~~,,~ - ~.~:' £ i2 Fn:Gbz, characteristic spec ies characteristic species Vo/lziacl'al'sporitl's heteromorpha ,g Vottz iaceaes pori tes het~omorpha Voltziaceae5porites heteromorpharJI Z ~I.c:" " Klausipollenites sp. di v. Z Z l ~ " Klausipollenites sp, diY, Microcachry idites doubing.,i D ~ Microcochryidite s doubinger i 0­ ~ Microcachryidites daubing.,i Q 0­ Q " Microcachryidites sittteri E Microcochryidites fastidiosus Microcachryidite s lastidiosus rJI ::J Microcachryidites lastidio$us rJI ~ Ii~ - .... ~ ... , 0 . Succinctisporites grandior Succincti5porites grandior rJI ~ Succinctisporites grondior 0 GJ U .::; Krarosl'lisporitl's ullrichi .c:i Kraeuselisporites ullrichi l: Kraeuselisporites ullrichi R Aratrisporites tenuispinosus Aratrisporites tenuispinosus s Aratrisp orites tenuisp inosus: w 01:;:: ~ : I ' ~ ~E s R w c" R W 1O-I '~ ,~ Hexasaccites muelleri ~ 'c :OE . ~ .. ::; m~" Q Glli;; (; 0- Q C>. Brachysaccus ovalis a. Brachysaccus ovalis ~~~fa"{,}a"t;;ri~esoVb~fmei u, lit I-I::J ~ S triatoobietites balmei 1-1::J I- Striatoabietitl's balmei D i Angustisulcites klausii CJ i Angustisulcites kla usi i t Angustisulcites klaus ii D ~ g Angustisulcites gorpii . ~ Angustisu lcites gorpii :: Angus tisulcites gorp "" 11'1 ° '\! ~ ~ I.f) 5 (W I.f) Triodisporo crossa ~ I.f) Q - Triadispora crosse Triadispora crassa Isingl.} t.J ~ Triadispora plicata ~ Triadispora plicata ~ ~'" c c 0 "' , ~ prt's~""nsisrJI l >0 :;:; 0 '''0 o Cycloverrutriletes 0 B~ GI '_PIlI Densoisporites . nejburgii C. vN"E P III not distinqu ishl'd 'p, & others as In: PH Cll5 GI~ :::EE- Z,- S Z Z ·'O D. nso isporites nejburg ii C. ~ Densoisporites n1cburgii - .. Densoi$porites praylordi e tt,,"ct~a;;r,(,z~s p~p~l!gr:1 rJI ,~ , _ Endosporites papillatus "0 I ';: ~ Lundbladispora brevicuta <{ I'O c ::; 'p, Lundbladispo ra bre vicuta ~ ~ microflora not f ound <t: P II Punctatisporifes trassic us ._ c . _ 0 <t: ~ ' ~ ' ~~ :.a a Cyclotriletes microgran;fer s P II Cye/otriletes microgran ifer l ~ "0 I § .2 ::::~ .a 0 .2 ~ ~ ... Platysoccus lesch,ki "0 C>. Platysaccus leschiki _ "Q;"O I"';:~~ I.f) ~ ~ ~ I.f) ~ ' ~ Prot9haploXlpinus p'ellucid,usD I.f) g s <: Protohaploxypinus p'ellucidus D ~ raemoespo n tes nov/au/ens/s , _ , EE ~ :JE :.J(i ; ~ Q Toeniaesp ofltes noviaulensis 0 o 0 a. ... <:l::. ~ ~ EI I- I ~ Densoispor ites nejburg jj 1- 1;:[ P I Endospor ites pap illatus I- ] Acr itarcha rJI .. Protohaploxypinus pantii rJI Z , ... 0::» Taen;aes pori'es noviaulensis Z .... Z , ... unstudied interval .. .S Protohaploxypinus pellucidus c c GIl ,2 GI ~ I ~ Protohaptoxypinus somoilovichii ~ ::: ~ c; .l!! tJ P Cycadopites tot licul aris GI l v ~ ~ Explanat ions: ::J I ~ '8~ g.Cl Lundblcdispora ob,soleta,D ::J I ~ ~ ~ unstudied intervnt ::J I c E :Q Q-<: 8. Lundblad,spora wlilmottl O ICD & CJ rl'lativl'ly abundant o -g~.e Endosporites papillotus o lD .l:' []I a bundant CO 1..1 ::. Q.t Oenso,sporites playlordi COl ..... COl ..... ..... Kraeuselispo rites cuspidus • vl'ry abundant 164 TERESA ORLOWSKA-ZWOLINSKA The sections of western Poland have relatively complete sequences of deposits and contain index fauna; for this reason the palynostratigraphic scheme established for them is now accepted as a base for biostratigraphic correlations of the sections of North-east Poland, and of the Peribaltic Syneclize in particular. The assemblages distinguished in the latter area are of similar composition as those of western Poland (table 1). The present paper has been written in 1979. The data published after 1979 are introduced partly into the text. The specimens described are stored in the Museum of the Geological Institute -In Warsaw (abbreviated as Muz. IG). Acknowledgements. - The a uthor extends her cordial thanks to Dr. 1. Ga­ jewska, Dr. H. Senkowiczowa, Dr. A. Szyperko-Teller and M.Sc. R. Strzelecki for supplying the material for study, for the access to core descriptions, often unpub­ lished, as well as for discussions and kind cooperation during the work. Thanks are due to Dr. A. Szyperko-Teller for her helpful comments and advices about the manuscript. The gratitude is al so extended to Prof. Dr. Sonia Dybowa-Jacho­ wicz for the discussion regarding the palynological part of the paper. Thanks are due to Professor B. E. Balme of University of Western Australia, Nedlands for his helpful written comments facilitating the comparison of the lowermost Triassic as semblages, and for his aid in determining the miospores Lundbladispora willmotti and L. obsoleta. The author is indebted to Dr. B. C. Foster of Geological Survey, Queensland and Dr. G. Playford of Queensland University for their help in solving the prob­ lems related to taxonomy of some pollen grains of Striatiti. METHODS Samples (10-20 grammes) were crushed and treated with 100/0 HCI, . then, for 3 days with cold 400/0 HF, washed with boric acid solution, heated at 70°C for 2 hours in 10% HCI, and the residues were concentrat­ ed in heavy liquid (CdI 2 +KI, 2.1 g/cm"). Oxidation was carried out on all samples using 300/0 HNO a, anhydrous HNO a, or Schultze solution, accord­ ing to the degree of coalification. The residues were mounted in glycerine gelly. Only samples bearing microflora are included in diagrams. Constituent species are recorded as percentages, based on a count of 200 specimens. At low frequency of miospores in the sample, either only 100 specimens were counted in the preparation, or only those species were noted which occurred in at least three preparations. Plankton counts are recorded as numbers of individuals per 200 or 100 microspores. Percentages of low­ frequency species belonging to one genus are sometimes recorded col­ lectively under their generic name. The species occurring sporadically, and those of little stratigraphical value, are placed together with un­ determinated forms under headings Sporites sp. div . and Disaccites sp. div. B u N T 5 A L o w ...~ 3_. 0~~qq C 0::l • ::I~ ~ ~ IllOY' · ~~<.n~ ~ Y' 3 o· "'1 ......~ en 3 "' '1'0 _ . 0 Vi ~ ::I < - ~ ~~'" 0. '1 0 ~uzg:~:= ~=~r'WA~e O" .;:. = g + + ,•• • • KroNSe(i5PO!"ir es cuspidus 80lme +K.opiculo rus . '< ~ 3 C , cf Kra rosel isporrtes punc totus J onSOftius .)anSMIJS T . Stro ters DOrires ric ht er; {Kbus} WIlson ::r:: .? ~ ::l + ...... c-+l1) I ' + I • Prorohoploxypinus ponti; (Ja nlOn;us) com b.new.