Cover and section photo credits Cover Photo: “Manila_08999pp” (Binondo, National Capital Region, Philippines) by Stefan Munder is licensed under CC BY-2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/insmu74/4300901013 Country Overview Section Photo: “Lapu Lapu-Philippines” (Cebe, Philippines) by Seth Waite is licensed under r CC BY-2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/28674126@N02/4316326988 Disaster Overview Section Photo: “Flooding from Typhoon Ondoy (Ketsana), Philippines 2009” (Philippines) by AusAID Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade is licensed under CC BY-2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/dfataustralianaid/10695644264 Organization Structure for Disaster Management Section Photo: “Operation Damayan [Image 4 of 4]” (Manila, National Capital Region, Philippines) by DVIDSHUB is licensed under CC BY-2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/dvids/10838264396/ Infrastructure Section Photo: “Skies of Manila” (San Joaquin, National Capital Region, Philippines) by Yacine Petitprez is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/anykeyh/15050119642/ Health Section Photo: “Health care centre, Philippines” (Philippines) by Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade is licensed under CC BY-2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/dfataustralianaid/16841156085/in/photolist-rEcjY6 Women, Peace and Security Section Photo: “Philippines Old Woman” (IIoilo, Western Visayas, Philippines) by moyerphotos is licensed under CC BY-2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/moyermk/4120905783/in/photolist-7h9HHH Conclusion Section Photo: “Fishermen.Philippines.” (Victoria, IIocos Region, Philippines) by Bernard Spragg. NZ is licensed under CC0 1.0 (public domain). https://www.flickr.com/photos/volvob12b/26915803150/ Appendices Section Photo: “Tricycle taxis Laoag City” (IIocos Norte, llocos Region, Philippines) by Bernard Spragg.NZ is licensed under CC0 1.0 (public domain). https://www.flickr.com/photos/volvob12b/15979998188/ ISBN 978-1-955429-19-1 2 Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance Table of Contents Welcome - Note from the Director ...........................................................................................................7 About the Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance ...............8 Disaster Management Reference Handbook Series Overview ......................................................9 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................10 Country Overview ..........................................................................................................12 Culture .......................................................................................................................................................12 Demographics .........................................................................................................................................13 Ethnic Makeup .................................................................................................................................13 Key Population Centers ................................................................................................................13 Language ...........................................................................................................................................13 Religion ..............................................................................................................................................13 Vulnerable Groups .........................................................................................................................14 Economics ................................................................................................................................................15 Government .............................................................................................................................................16 Environment ............................................................................................................................................17 Geography ........................................................................................................................................17 Borders ...............................................................................................................................................17 Climate ...............................................................................................................................................17 Climate Change ...............................................................................................................................18 Disaster Overview .........................................................................................................20 Hazards ......................................................................................................................................................20 Natural Hazards ...............................................................................................................................20 Recent History of Natural Disasters .................................................................................................21 Country Risks ...........................................................................................................................................23 Country Risk Profile ........................................................................................................................24 Philippines Disaster Management Reference Handbook | March 2018 3 Organizational Structure for Disaster Management ..................................................26 Lead Government Agencies in Disaster Response ....................................................................26 Key Disaster Management Partners in Philippines ....................................................................27 International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies ..............................29 U.S. Government Agencies in Philippines .....................................................................................30 Participation in International Organizations ................................................................................31 Foreign Disaster Relief and Emergency Response .....................................................................32 Policies, Framework, and Plans for Disaster Management .....................................................33 Guiding Policy ..................................................................................................................................33 Guiding Framework .......................................................................................................................33 Key Plans ............................................................................................................................................33 Education and Training ........................................................................................................................34 Disaster Management Communications.......................................................................................35 Early Warning Systems ..................................................................................................................35 Responsible Agencies for Early Warning ................................................................................36 Military Role in Disaster Relief ...........................................................................................................36 Infrastructure .................................................................................................................38 Airports ......................................................................................................................................................38 Seaports ....................................................................................................................................................38 Land Routes .............................................................................................................................................38 Roads ...................................................................................................................................................38 Railways ..............................................................................................................................................38 Waterways .........................................................................................................................................40 Schools ......................................................................................................................................................40 Communications ....................................................................................................................................41 Utilities .......................................................................................................................................................42 Power ..................................................................................................................................................42 Water and Sanitation .....................................................................................................................42 4 Center