EX-ANTE EVALUATION and STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT for the JOINT OPERATIONAL PROGRAMME for the HUSKROUA ENI CBC Programme 2014-2020 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT OF SEA 25/06/2015 Name: HitesyBartuczHollaiEurocomsulting Kft. Address: H-1054 Budapest, Vértanúktere 1. Tel: +36-1-319-1790 Fax: +36-1-319-1381 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.hbhe.eu Name: Hydea Kft. Address: H-1062 Budapest, Andrássyút 128. I/6. Tel: +36-1-354-2440 Fax: +36-1-354-2449 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.hydea.hu 2 This report is conducted within the framework of the Ex-ante evaluation and Strategic Environmental Assessment of the Joint Operational Programme for the HUSKROUA ENI CBC Programme 2014-2020. The Strategic Environmental Assessment team: Mrs. Judit MOLNÁR Certified Economist with legal specialization Dr.ZsuzsannaLADÁNYI Certified Environmentalist with specialization in Waste management PhD in Environmental sciences Dr.Viktoria BLANKA Certified Geographer with specialization in Environmental Science PhD in Earth Sciences Dr. Ferenc KOVÁCS Certified Geographer with specialization in Environmental Science PhD in Earth Sciences 3 Table of content Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 9 Assessment Framework.................................................................................................................................... 10 The HUSKROUA ENI CBC Programme 2014-2020......................................................................................... 10 The geographical frame for SEA ................................................................................................................... 11 Time frame for SEA....................................................................................................................................... 11 The legal frame for SEA in this Programme context..................................................................................... 11 Environmental issues.................................................................................................................................... 13 1 An outline of the contents, main objectives of the Programme and relationship with other relevant plans and Programmes................................................................................................................................................... 16 1.1 Programme justification and purpose................................................................................................. 16 1.2 The outline of the content of the Programme .................................................................................... 16 1.3 Main objectives of the Programme and the activities foreseen ......................................................... 16 1.4 Relationship with other relevant plans and Programmes ................................................................... 21 1.4.1 EU 2020....................................................................................................................................... 21 1.4.2 The 7th Environment Action Programme (EAP) ......................................................................... 22 1.4.3 EU strategy for the Danube region (EUSDR, 2011) ..................................................................... 22 1.4.4 The Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD) ................................................................. 23 1.4.5 Convention on Cooperation for the Protection and Sustainable use of the Danube River (DRPC) 23 1.4.6 The Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians (Carpathian Convention) .............................................................................................................................. 24 1.4.7 Thematic Strategy on the sustainable use of natural resources COM (2005) 670 ..................... 24 1.4.8 Directive 2007/60/EC on the assessment and management of flood risks................................ 25 1.4.9 Basel Convention ........................................................................................................................ 25 1.4.10 EU biodiversity strategy 2020 (COM (2011)0244) ...................................................................... 26 1.4.11 NATURA 2000: European network of more than 26,000 protected sites (bird and habitats).... 26 1.4.12 Strategy on Climate Change........................................................................................................ 27 1.4.13 Climate and Energy Package 2020.............................................................................................. 27 1.4.14 UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage Convention (1972)............................................. 28 1.4.15 White paper 2011 - Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area.......................................... 29 1.4.16 CAP reform 2014-2020 ............................................................................................................... 29 1.4.17 National transport strategies...................................................................................................... 30 4 2 The relevant aspects of the current state of the environment and the likely evolution thereof without the implementation of the Programme ...................................................................................................................... 31 2.1 The outline of the current state of the environment of the Programme area.................................... 31 2.1.1 Biodiversity, flora, fauna............................................................................................................. 31 2.1.2 Air and climate change ............................................................................................................... 33 2.1.3 Soil and land use ......................................................................................................................... 37 2.1.4 Waters (ground waters, surface waters) .................................................................................... 39 2.1.5 Landscape and land cover........................................................................................................... 43 2.1.6 Material assets, cultural heritage ............................................................................................... 45 2.1.7 Population and human health .................................................................................................... 48 2.1.8 Energy consumption, use of renewable sources, traffic and transport...................................... 50 2.2 The likely evolution of the state of the environment without the implementation of the Programme 53 3 The environmental characteristics of the areas likely to be significantly affected ...................................... 56 3.1 Landscapes and areas of recognized international protection status................................................. 56 3.2 Landscapes and areas of Community interest..................................................................................... 58 3.3 Landscapes and areas of National interest.......................................................................................... 58 3.4 Areas designated for extraction of water intended for human consumption .................................... 59 3.5 Areas of nutrient-sensitive waters, including vulnerable areas to nitrates......................................... 61 3.6 Landscape-conserving farming of High Natural Value......................................................................... 63 3.7 Areas of nutrient-sensitive waters, including vulnerable areas .......................................................... 64 3.8 Water bodies designated for recreation, including areas designated as bathing waters ................... 65 4 The existing environmental problems which are relevant to the Programme including, in particular, those relating to any areas of a particular environmental importance, such as areas designated pursuant to the Directives 79/409/EEC and 92/43/EEC ................................................................................................................. 66 5 The environmental protection objectives, established at international, Community or Member State level, which are relevant to the Programme and the way those and any environmental considerations have been taken into account during its presentation........................................................................................................... 70 5.1 Environmental policy framework established at international or Community level, which are relevant to the Programme ............................................................................................................................................ 70 5.2 Environmental protection objectives established on the basis of the environmental policy framework and derived guiding questions.......................................................................................................................... 74 6 The likely significance of effects on the environment, including issues such as biodiversity, population, human health, fauna, flora, soil, water, air, climatic factors, material assets,