Course CIE3330 Hydraulic Structures General November 2009 Faculty of Civil Engineering and Faculty Geosciences Contributions to these lecture notes were made by: dr. ir. S. van Baars ir. K.G. Bezuyen ir. W.Colenbrander ir. H.K.T. Kuijper ir. W.F. Molenaar ir. C. Spaargaren prof. ir. drs. J.K. Vrijling Delft University of Technology Artikelnummer 06917290037 CT3330 Hydraulic Structures 1 (empty page) ©Department of Hydraulic Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering ii Nov 2009 Delft University of Technology CT3330 Hydraulic Structures 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE..................................................................................................................................................... v READER TO THESE LECTURE NOTES .................................................................................................... v THE COURSE HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES 1 – CT3330 ......................................................................... vi 1. Introduction to Hydraulic Structures................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 Piers ................................................................................................................................................. 1-2 1.2 Artificial islands ................................................................................................................................ 1-5 1.3 Breakwaters ..................................................................................................................................... 1-6 1.4 Soil retaining structures.................................................................................................................... 1-7 1.4.1 Gravity structures ...................................................................................................................... 1-7 1.4.2 Wall structures ........................................................................................................................ 1-10 1.4.3 Composite structures .............................................................................................................. 1-11 1.5 Quays............................................................................................................................................. 1-13 1.6 Jetties............................................................................................................................................. 1-14 1.7 Breasting & mooring dolphins, Approach walls.............................................................................. 1-16 1.7.1 Breasting and Mooring dolphins.............................................................................................. 1-16 1.7.2 Approach walls ........................................................................................................................ 1-19 1.7.3 Fender ..................................................................................................................................... 1-20 1.8 Building pit, cofferdam and construction dock ...............................................................................1-21 1.8.1 Building pit ............................................................................................................................... 1-21 1.8.2 Cofferdam................................................................................................................................ 1-21 1.8.3 Construction dock.................................................................................................................... 1-22 1.9 Dry dock, floating dock................................................................................................................... 1-23 1.10 Road in continuous cut, approach road ....................................................................................... 1-23 1.11 Tunnel, aqueduct and culvert....................................................................................................... 1-25 1.11.1 In situ tunnel .......................................................................................................................... 1-26 1.11.2 Cut and cover tunnel ............................................................................................................. 1-26 1.11.3 Immersed tunnel.................................................................................................................... 1-27 1.11.4 Bored tunnel .......................................................................................................................... 1-29 1.11.5 Aqueduct ............................................................................................................................... 1-29 1.11.6 Culvert ................................................................................................................................... 1-31 1.12 Dewatering gate, stop lock, siphons and pumping-stations......................................................... 1-31 1.12.1 Dewatering gate .................................................................................................................... 1-31 1.12.2 Stop lock................................................................................................................................ 1-32 1.12.3 Siphon ................................................................................................................................... 1-33 1.12.4 Pumping stations................................................................................................................... 1-33 1.13 Navigation lock, inclined plane and ship-lift ................................................................................. 1-34 1.13.1 Navigation lock ...................................................................................................................... 1-34 1.13.2 Inclined plane ........................................................................................................................ 1-35 1.13.3 Ship-lift................................................................................................................................... 1-36 1.14 Storm-surge barriers .................................................................................................................... 1-37 1.15 Water retaining structures: dams and weirs ................................................................................ 1-39 ©Department of Hydraulic Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering iii Nov 2009 Delft University of Technology CT3330 Hydraulic Structures 1 2. Design of hydraulic structures in general......................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Position of design in the whole life cycle.......................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 The importance of a structured design approach ............................................................................ 2-1 2.3 Design as an iterative process......................................................................................................... 2-3 2.4 Subdividing the design stage ........................................................................................................... 2-4 2.5 Design issues or aspects ................................................................................................................. 2-4 2.5.1 Problem analysis - present and future problems:...................................................................... 2-5 2.5.2 System, sub-system, element: .................................................................................................. 2-6 2.5.3 Systems engineering and concurrent engineering: ................................................................... 2-6 2.5.4 Stakeholders: ............................................................................................................................ 2-7 2.5.5 First plans / sketch design / preliminary design:........................................................................ 2-8 2.5.6 Selection of a location: .............................................................................................................. 2-8 2.5.7 Generalities on requirements and starting-points:..................................................................... 2-9 2.5.8 Requirements & Boundary conditions: .................................................................................... 2-10 2.5.9 Starting-points / Assumptions:................................................................................................. 2-11 2.5.10 Basis of Design, Design Criteria:........................................................................................... 2-12 2.5.11 Development of alternatives:................................................................................................. 2-12 2.5.12 Technical analyses:............................................................................................................... 2-14 2.5.13 Structural design:................................................................................................................... 2-16 2.5.14 Multi Criteria Analysis or Evaluation, MCA or MCE:.............................................................. 2-20 2.5.15 Cost-Benefit Analysis, CBA: .................................................................................................. 2-21 2.5.16 Risk analysis:........................................................................................................................