Effects Of Chaturanga Dandasana On Lumbopelvic Stability In Young Girls An Experimental Study On Effects Of Chaturanga Dandasana On Lumbopelvic Stability In Young Girls Dr. Jeni Shah*, Dr. Dipti. V. Thakker**, Dr. T. Kanna Amarnath*** *1st year MPT student, AIMS, Ahmedabad, **Assistant Professor, Physiology Department, B J Medical College, Ahmedabad; *** Sr. Lecturer, AIMS Ahmedabad. Abstracts: Background: Chaturangadandasana is a part of ashtanga yoga, which helps to improve core muscle strength, endurance and overall stability of lumbopelvic region, although there is little scientific evidence that describes its efficacy. Methodology: A randomized control trial was conducted. The study was done in various colleges of Ahmedabad. Thirty six young healthy girls participated in this study. The participants were randomly allocated to A and B groups: Chaturangadandasana group (n=18) and control group (n=18). The participants of both group attended 12 sessions over a period of 3 weeks. The outcome was lumbopelvic stability; tests were performed on pretreatment and after 6th and 12th sessions.Results: After 6 and 12 sessions there were significant improvement in both group in case of within group analysis and in case of between group analysis, improvement was marked significantly in chaturangadandasana group. Conclusion: Chaturangadandasana is the much more beneficial to improve lumbopelvic stability in young girls and by this, it can prevent future back pain in the young girls. [Shah J NJIRM 2015; 6(2):70-74] Key Words: Chaturangadandasana, lumbopelvic stability. Author for correspondence: Dr. Jeni Shah, 1st year MPT student, AIMS, Ahmedabad. [email protected] Introduction: Segmental stability and mobility movement. It will provide more support for the control of the core body (i.e., lumbo-pelvic control) back and may reduce the risk of back injuries2,3 as well as flexibility of the body parts accentuate peak performance and prevent musculoskeletal The reason for this is that the trunk muscles not injury. Improper activation and poor control of only act as a prime movers or as antagonists to deep trunk muscles (i.e., TrA, MF) exist in movement caused by gravity during the dynamic asymptomatic individuals showing inability to activity, they are important stabilizers of control lumbo-pelvic stability, which is the early spine.4,5Studies have shown that deep fibers of detecting sign for the back problems. multifidus and transverse abdominis are first to activate when there is rapid postural disturbance Remarkably, the dysfunction and delayed onset of from rapid extremity movement6,7 TrA and atrophy of MF appear in people with low back pain. Consequently, CNS is not able to control Though there is lack of current information of the these muscles in feed-forward manner. These relationship between the two muscles, it is changes cause instability of the spine. In addition unknown if there is a relationship between the to repetitive contraction, muscles will generate results of muscle tests of the Transverse abdominis pulling stress upon the proximal attachments and multifidus muscles and other clinical during movement which affects directly joints and measures.8 Individuals with acute and chronic low soft tissues surrounding the spine as a result of back pain(CLBP) show changes in trunk muscle strain and degeneration.1 activity , particularly in the transverse abdominis and multifidius9 Also “proximal stability for distal mobility”, a well- known phase is an underlying principle of Chaturangadandasana (Figure 1), which also known intervention with therapeutic exercises.2 as four limb staff poses, is a type of yoga which focuses on core muscles of the body. Here, chatur Good core stability helps an individual perform means four, Anga means a limb or a part thereof, better and effectively, as a good core provides a and danda means a staff. As name suggests, in this more stable base for arm and leg movements, aasana body maintains on all four limbs (both improving the control and quality of movements. It palms and fore feet). So that will activate all core will improve the muscular co-ordination during NJIRM 2015; Vol. 6(2).March –April eISSN: 0975-9840 pISSN: 2230 - 9969 70 Effects Of Chaturanga Dandasana On Lumbopelvic Stability In Young Girls muscles which helps in increasing lumbopelvic Inclusion criteria: Young adult female having stability.10 normal BMI. ( 18 to 24) Fig. 1 : Chaturangadandasana • Female with the age group of 18-25 years. • Person who is not engaged in sports activity more than twice in a week for 20 mins. • Person who did not perform yoga before. Exclusion criteria: • Person having any kind of back pain more than twice a month. • Engaged with regular sports activity more than twice a week and for longer duration In traditional yoga studies, the framework for yoga • Doing regular gym work begins with the yamas (external restraints) and • Any associated health problem niyamas (internal observances). In • Pregnancy ChaturangaDandasana, yamas can be understood • Any resent surgery as the skeletal shape and muscular stability of the • Any injury to shoulder, elbow or wrist joint pose and Niyamas on the other hand, can offer • Mental disorders insight into the internal movements within the • BMI less than 18 and more than 24 11 static pose. Randomization – sequence generation: In addition to this, according to the result of pilot Simple randomization was conducted using study on lumbopelvic level of 94 healthy young Microsoft Excel for Windows Software by a individuals shows that, in sedentary individuals researcher who was not involved in participant very less number of individuals only 12 passed that recruitment. stability test. This instability and poor muscle contraction may lead to back pain in future. Pain is Allocation concealment: because of the poor muscular support and a It was done by one of the authors who were not sustained load on the inert supporting tissues, it involved with participant recruitment and results in creep and distention which causes treatment. Allocation was done by using mechanical stress. In addition, injuries occur more consecutively numbered, sealed, opaque envelops. frequently after a lot of repetitive activity or long After the baseline assessment, the eligible periods of work and play when there is muscle participants were divided in to 2 groups. 36 fatigue. numbers of female volunteers were randomly divided into chaturangadandasana and the control So to avoid future back pain, stability and flexibility groups as 18- 18 each. of lumbo pelvic is essential. That’s why to prevention and rehabilitation of back injuries, it is Interventions: essential to find the effects of new techniques, so Group Achaturangadandasana group: This group here is a need of study for this.Also it helps for attended 30 minutes training sessions, 5 times per mental relaxation due to incorporation of week, for 12 sessions.Outcome measures using a breathing and very less no studies occur on standard core stability tests respectively at 0, 6 and chaturangadanadasana for core stability. 12th session of the study and overall lumbo pelvic tests are performed on 0th and 12thday.Warm up Materials and methods: This study was conducted for 10 min in the form of generalized all join active in various colleges of Ahmedabad by randomized movements. Then, in 15 min were allocated for control trial. Randomized control trial was carried chaturangadandasana. In this, aasana for 30sec out. The inclusion and exclusion criteria of the hold for 5 times to gradually increase with 30sec study were as follows. hold for 9 times with rest period between it. After NJIRM 2015; Vol. 6(2).March –April eISSN: 0975-9840 pISSN: 2230 - 9969 71 Effects Of Chaturanga Dandasana On Lumbopelvic Stability In Young Girls that 5 min cool down in the form of complete compared within the group at p is less than 0.05 at relaxation on verbal commands level of significance is 0.05. (Graph 1 to 5) Group B control group: The control group attended Graph 1: Prone Bridge. generalized exercise session (SHAM) in the form of 100 exercise of back and abdominal muscles for 30 80 th minutes.At the end of 12 class awareness of 60 chaturangadandasana and its benefits are done.All 40 tests are performed same as group A. In this, 20 Warm up for 10 min in the form of generalized all 0 join active movements, 15 min generalized exs for group A group B back and abdominals.In this, isometric abdominal, isometric back extensors and bridging is given Graph 2: Left LAT Bridge starting from 3 sets to increase with 5 sets. (1 set = 80 10sec hold for 10 repetitions) and 5 min cool down 70 60 in the form of complete relaxation on verbal 50 pre commands. 40 30 post Outcome measures for both are: 20 Test using Pressure biofeedback unit (method: 10 12 0 Harrington and Davies) group A group B Tests of core stability: Graph 3: Right LAT Bridge Prone plank test 60 Right side plank test 50 Left plank test 40 Flexure and extensor endurance test 30 20 Results: Data analysis is done with the use of SPSS 10 20 software.33 final subjects (details are in Table 1) 0 group A group B are analyzed in within group(according to non- parametric test) and between group Graph 4: Flexor Endurance results(according to parametric individual t test) 200 for all core muscle tests. Overall stability is measured between groups using exact chi square 150 tests. pre Table 1 100 post Group A Group B 50 Mean age 19.352 19.68 Standard 0.88 1.56 0 deviation age group A group B Mean height 151.52 156.93 Graph 5: Extensor Endurance SD height 4.799 6.35 Mean weight 46.88 47.68 SD weight 6.40 7.96 Mean BMI 20.40 19.46 Within group analysis: Non parametric related samples Friedman's test: There is statistically improvement in both group in all tests when it is NJIRM 2015; Vol.